Crops ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (4): 67-71.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2017.04.012

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Analysis of Grain Traits and Physicochemical Properties of Starch in Rice Floury Endosperm Mutant flo(t)

He Bingshu1,2,Zhong Yuyue1,Qiao Yongli2,Guo Dongwei1   

  1. 1 College of Agronomy,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China;
    2 Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China
  • Received:2017-03-09 Revised:2017-05-22 Online:2017-08-15 Published:2018-08-26
  • Contact: Dongwei Guo

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Abstract:

Starch is the main storage material of rice endosperm. The analysis of its physical and chemical properties has great theoretical and practical significance for the appearance and taste improvement of rice. In this study, a stable inherited powdery endosperm mutant flo(t), the mutant plant table was screened from the Hwacheong mutant library of japonica rice treated with N-methyl N-nitrosourea (MNU). In the phenotypic aspect of the mutant plants, the plant height and the number of grains per spike were significantly lower than the wild type, and the seed endosperm showed white opacity. Compared with wild type, the 1000-grain weight of flo(t) mutant was reduced by 15%, and the content of amylose were decreased, but the content of protein and lipid increased significantly. The results of scanning electron microscopy showed that the flo(t) mutant consisted of regular and rounded starch granules with different sizes and large intervals, and the crystal structure and thermodynamic properties of starch were also changed significantly.

Key words: Rice, Starch, Floury endosperm, Physicochemical property

Table 1

Comparison of grain and yield traits in wild-type and mutant"

类型
Type		 粒长(mm)
Grain length		 粒宽(mm)
Grain width		 粒厚(mm)
Grain thickness		 千粒重(g)
1000-grain weight		 穗数
No. of panicles/plant		 穗粒数
No. of grains/panicle		 株高(cm)
Plant height		 主穗长(cm)
Panicle length
野生型Wild-type 6.74±0.28 3.02±0.23 2.24±0.01 20.86±0.22 10.4±1.12 81.0±11.14 70.4±1.28 17.40±0.80
突变体Mutant 6.68±0.32 3.17±0.23 2.12±0.01 17.61±0.24** 12.2±0.76 72.0±4.00* 63.2±1.44** 15.88±0.83

Fig.1

Physicochemical properties of wild-type and mutant * indicates the difference between mutant and wild-type is significant,** indicates the difference between mutant and wild-type is remarkable"

Fig.2

X-ray diffraction patterns of starch granules from the endosperm"

Fig.3

DSC curves of starch granules from the endosperm"

Table 2

Thermal characteristics"

类型Type 起始温度Initial temperature (℃) 峰值温度Peak temperature(℃) 终止温度Termination temperature(℃) 热焓值Enthalpy(J/g)
野生型Wild-type 30.1 119.5 252.3 305
突变体Mutant 30.7 123.5 222.6 207
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