Crops ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 114-120.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2018.04.019

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Effects of Sowing Methods on Seedling Stand and Production Profit of Summer Soybean under Wheat-Soybean System

Zhao Yun1,2,Xu Cailong1,Yang Xu2,Li Suzhen2,Zhou Jing2,Li Jicun2,Han Tianfu1,Wu Cunxiang1   

  1. 1 Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Soybean Industrial Technology R & D Center, Beijing 100081, China;
    2 Jining Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jining 272131, Shandong, China
  • Received:2018-04-20 Revised:2018-05-22 Online:2018-08-20 Published:2018-08-23

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Abstract:

The summer soybean productivity under wheat-soybean system in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain is currently facing challenges because of labor costs and the amount of time invested which leads to higher inputs with low profits. Developing simplified cultivation is an important technological approach to save cost and improve profit in soybean productivity. In this study, a field experiment was conducted to comprehensively investigate the effects of no-tillage plus straw mulching and precise seeding cultivation technology (NTSMPS) on seeding quality, emergence rate, produce cost and profit with conventional mechanical drill seeding (CMDS) as the control. Compared with the CMDS, the average soil surface temperature in NTSMPS decreased by 6.5%, while the average soil humidity increased by 12.7%. The seeding uniformity and emergence rate of soybean under NTSMPS were increased by 64.8% and 32.2%, respectively than that in CMDS. The produce cost significantly decreased by 41.0% through simplifying the cultivation process and time management. Compared with CMDS, the production profit in NTSMPS was significantly increased by 28.2%. Therefore, the NTSMPS cultivation technology could solve the issues of poor seeding quality, lower emergence rate and higher labor cost thereby reducing costs and improving soybean productivity profit. NTSMPS cultivation technology is one of the simplified cultivation measures of summer soybean production under wheat-soybean system in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain.

Key words: Summer soybean, No-tillage plus straw mulching, Precise seeding, Simplified cultivation, Production profit

Fig.1

Dynamic of temperature and precipitation during the experiments in 2011 and 2012"

Fig.2

Soil temperature and humidity under the treatments of different planting patterns|||*, ** indicate significant difference at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability level, the same below"

Fig.3

Seeding uniformity and emergence rate of summer soybean under different planting patterns"

Table 1

Yield and yield components of summer soybean under different planting patterns"

生长季
Growing season		 处理
Treatment		 单株荚数
Pods per plant		 百粒重(g)
100-seed weight		 单株粒重(g)
Seed weight per plant		 产量(kg/hm2)
Yield
2011 免耕覆秸精量播种 53.5a 13.3a 16.7a 2 985.0a
No-tillage plus straw mulching and precise planting
常规机械条播 50.1b 14.1a 15.2b 2 760.0b
Conventional mechanical drill seeding
2012 免耕覆秸精量播种 55.1a 14.6a 17.4a 3 006.0a
No-tillage plus straw mulching and precise planting
常规机械条播 57.5a 14.9a 17.7a 3 049.5a
Conventional mechanical drill seeding

"

比较项目
Item		 免耕覆秸精量播种
No-tillage plus straw mulching and precise planting		 常规机械条播
Conventional mechanical drill seeding
农资Agricultural materials 种子Seed 356.3 682.5
化肥Chemical fertilizer 750 750
除草剂Herbicide 225 225
杀虫剂Pesticides 225 225
人工成本Labor costs 播种Seeding 270 750
施肥Fertilizer applying 0 150
间苗Thinning 0 900
植保Crop protection 0 300
其他管理Other managements 1 275 1 275
总投入Total costs 3 101.3 5 257.5

"

生长季Growing season 处理Treatment 产值Output 成本Cost 利润Profit
2011 免耕覆秸精量播种
No-tillage plus straw mulching and precise planting		 14 925a 3 101.3 11 823.8a
常规机械条播Conventional mechanical drill seeding 13 800b 5 257.5 8 542.5b
2012 免耕覆秸精量播种
No-tillage plus straw mulching and precise planting		 15 030a 3 101.3 11 928.8a
常规机械条播Conventional mechanical drill seeding 15 246a 5 257.5 9 988.5b
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