Crops ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 161-166.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.03.024

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Effects of Increased Application of Bio-Organic Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Red Kidney Bean

Zhang Jie1,2,3(), Chen Xin1, Gao Fangfang1, Ma Yajun1, Liu Yanyan1, Wu Cainü1   

  1. 1College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041000, Shanxi, China
    2Shenchi County Science and Technology Service Center, Xinzhou 036100, Shanxi, China
    3The 24th Technique Extension Station of National Research and Extension Center of Microbial Fertilizer Technology, Linfen 041000, Shanxi, China
  • Received:2020-06-28 Revised:2020-07-22 Online:2021-06-15 Published:2021-06-22

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Abstract:

This study was conducted to explore the effects of the application of bio-organic fertilizer on the yield and quality of red kidney bean. It also provided a theoretical basis for sustainable, high-quality, and efficient production of local red kidney beans in Shenchi. In this study, the British red kidney beans was used as the experiment material and the "414" scheme was adopted to carry out the positioning test for three consecutive years. The results showed that employed phosphorus nitrate 300kg/ha, urea 180kg/ha, and bio-organic fertilizer 3000kg/ha treatments (T3) had the best effect among all the experimental treatments in 2017 and 2018. Compared with the no bio-organic fertilizer (CK) treatments, the indexes such as organic matter, available nitrogen, available P, and available K increased by 24.7%, 20.3%, 23.0%, 7.9% in2017 and 5.7%, 31.5%, 1.0%, and 31.8% in 2018, respectively. Plant height and pod length increased by 20.2%, 7.6% in2017 and 20.8%, 11.1% in 2018, respectively. The yield increased by 20.4% and 25.9%, and protein content increased by 14.8% and 16.4%, respectively. However, there was no significant difference in fat content. The total output value was 23 976.0 yuan and 22 459.0 yuan/ha, respectively. After deducting the production costs of compound fertilizer and bio-organic fertilizer, which employed phosphorus nitrate 300kg/ha, urea 180kg/ha, and bio-organic fertilizer 1800kg/ha treatment (T2) had the largest net profit with 20 267.9 and 18 802.7 yuan/ha and were 7.9% and 12.3% higher than that of respectively CK treatment. In 2019, the T2 treatment with the highest economic benefit was selected and expanded in Liebao and Dayanbei and the yield was 3002 and 3420kg/ha, respectively, which increased by 12.2% and 16.3% compared with the CK treatment; the net profit was 18 832.3 and 21 925.5 yuan/ha, which were 0.9% and 6.3% higher than that of the CK treatment. Therefore, taking the yield of red kidney bean and farmer’s net income into consideration, the T2 treatment was the best fertilization method and suitable for large-scale popularization and planting.

Key words: Red kidney bean, Bio-organic fertilizer, Soil, Yield, Quality

Table 1

Fertilizer used in the experiment"

肥料
Fertilizer		 剂型
Formulation		 技术指标
Technical indicator		 功能微生物
Functional microorganism
硝酸磷
Phosphorus nitrate		 颗粒
 N≥26.5%,
P2O5≥11.5%		 -
尿素Urea 颗粒 N≥46% -
生物有机肥
Bio-organic fertilizer
 颗粒

 有机质≥40%,有效活菌数（CFU）≥0.2亿/g 枯草芽孢杆
菌、胶冻样类
芽孢杆菌

Table 2

Experimental grouping settings kg/hm2"

年份
Year		 地点
Place		 处理
Treatment		 硝酸磷
Phosphorus nitrate		 尿素
Urea		 生物有机肥
Bio-organic fertilizer
2017 大严备乡 CK 300 180 0
T1 300 180 600
T2 300 180 1800
T3 300 180 3000
2018 东湖乡 CK 300 180 0
T1 300 180 600
T2 300 180 1800
T3 300 180 3000
2019 烈堡乡 CK 300 180 0
T2 300 180 1800
大严备乡 CK 300 180 0
T2 300 180 1800

Table 3

Effects of different fertilization treatments on the physical and chemical properties of soil"

年份
Year		 地点
Place		 处理
Treatment		 试验前Before the test 试验后After the test
有机质
Organic
matter (%)		 碱解氮
Alkali hydrolyzed
nitrogen (mg/kg)		 速效磷
Available P
(mg/kg)		 速效钾
Available K
(mg/kg)		 有机质
Organic
matter (%)		 碱解氮
Alkali hydrolyzed
nitrogen (mg/kg)		 速效磷
Available P
(mg/kg)		 速效钾
Available K
(mg/kg)
2017 大严备乡 CK 0.98a 45.5a 5.2a 129a 0.91c 39.6c 5.1b 119b
T1 0.99a 45.9a 4.9a 130a 1.17b 50.2b 5.0b 120b
T2 0.97a 46.8a 5.5a 125a 1.00b 52.1b 6.4a 139a
T3 0.97a 46.4a 5.2a 127a 1.21a 55.8a 7.3a 137a
2018 东湖乡 CK 1.38b 68.7b 5.0b 104a 1.28c 65.6c 4.9b 102b
T1 1.38b 65.7b 5.0b 104a 1.30c 65.8c 5.2a 108b
T2 1.48b 73.9a 7.7a 106a 1.50b 93.0b 7.7a 126a
T3 1.74a 79.3a 7.8a 110a 1.84a 104.3a 7.9a 145a

Table 4

Effects of increased application of bio-organic fertilizer on growth indexes of red kidney bean cm"

年份
Year		 地点
Place		 处理
Treatment		 株高
Plant height		 荚长
Pod length
2017 大严备乡 CK 50.00c 11.80a
T1 50.00c 12.00a
T2 57.20b 12.50a
T3 60.10a 12.70a
2018 东湖乡 CK 40.00b 11.70b
T1 39.90b 12.00b
T2 46.00b 12.60b
T3 51.20a 13.00a

Table 5

Effects of increasing application of bio-organic fertilizer on quality indexes of red kidney bean g/100g"

年份
Year		 地点
Place		 处理
Treatment		 蛋白质
Protein		 脂肪
Fat
2017 大严备乡 CK 22.30b 1.20b
T1 23.00b 2.00a
T2 25.00a 1.30b
T3 25.60a 1.20b
2018 东湖乡 CK 22.50b 1.20b
T1 24.20b 1.60a
T2 26.20a 1.20b
T3 24.45a 1.20b

Table 6

Effects of bio-organic fertilizer on yield and related factors of red kidney bean"

年份
Year		 地点
Place		 处理
Treatment		 单株有效荚数
Effective pods per plant		 每荚粒数
Seeds per pod		 千粒重
1000-seed weight (kg)		 产量
Yield (kg/hm2)
2017 大严备乡 CK 14.5a 2.90b 0.47a 2692c
T1 14.2a 3.86a 0.50a 2985b
T2 15.1a 3.87a 0.47a 3196a
T3 14.1a 2.92b 0.50a 3240a
2018 东湖乡 CK 6.1a 3.25a 0.52b 2412b
T1 6.2a 3.26a 0.54b 2407b
T2 6.3a 3.47a 0.62a 2998a
T3 5.7a 3.64a 0.66a 3035a

Table 7

Effects of increasing bio-organic fertilizer application on economic benefits of red kidney bean"

年份
Year		 地点
Place		 处理
Treatment		 总产值（元/hm2）
Total output value (yuan/hm2)		 生产成本（元/hm2）
The cost of production (yuan/hm2)		 净利润（元/hm2）
Net profit (yuan/hm2)
2017 大严备乡 CK 19 920.8 1 132.5 18 788.3b
T1 2 2088.6 1 882.5 20 206.1a
T2 23 650.4 3 382.5 20 267.9a
T3 23 976.0 4 882.5 19 093.5b
2018 东湖乡 CK 17 848.8 1 132.5 16 716.3b
T1 17 811.8 1 882.5 15 929.3b
T2 22 185.2 3 382.5 18 802.7a
T3 22 459.0 4 882.5 17 576.5b

Table 8

Yield and economic benefits of red kidney bean in 2019"

地点
Place		 处理
Treatment		 示范面积
Demonstration area (hm2)		 产量
Yield (kg/hm2)		 产值（元/hm2）
Output value (yuan/hm2)		 生产成本（元/hm2）
The cost of production (yuan/hm2)		 净利润（元/hm2）
Net profit (yuan/hm2)
烈堡乡 CK 0.67 2 675 19 795.0 1 132.5 18 662.5
Liebao T2 6.67 3 002 22 214.8 3 382.5 18 832.3
大严备乡 CK 0.67 2 940 21 756.0 1 132.5 20 623.5
Dayanbei T2 6.67 3 420 25 308.0 3 382.5 21 925.5
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