Crops ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (1): 71-76.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2018.01.011

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Variety Analysis of Northern Rice Regional Trials in Recent 15 Years

Wang Jie1,Zeng Bo2,Lei Cailin1,Zhao Zhichao1,Wang Jiulin1,Cheng Zhijun1   

  1. 1 Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing 100081, China
    2 National Agricultural Technology Extension and Service Center, Beijing 100125, China
  • Received:2017-09-22 Revised:2017-11-27 Online:2018-02-20 Published:2018-08-24

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Abstract:

Rice regional trial is a test platform and showcase for new rice varieties. Rice breeding progress can be seen from the performance of rice varieties in regional trials. Based on the data from national rice regional trials in northern China from 2001 to 2015, we analyzed the difference of main agronomic traits among years and groups. The results showed that: the number of testing variety has been increasing steadily. The average yield increased by 11.3%,from 9.08t/hm 2 in 2001 to 10.11t/hm 2 in 2015. In order to get higher yield in northern China, it is strongly recommended to maintain certain number of effective panicles, at the same time coordinating the relationship among grain numbers per panicle, seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight. On the whole, grain quality in northern China was good, with the high quality variety rate more than 60%. Rice quality of early maturity mid-early japonica and medium maturity mid-early japonica were relatively better than that of Huang-huai japonica and late maturity mid-early japonica. The head rice rate and amylose content were relatively ideal, while chalky rice rate and chalkiness degree were the main factors that affected the rice quality in norther China. Each year rice varieties with mid-resistance to rice blast accounted for 37%, while another 40% of rice varieties were eliminated due to susceptible to rice blast. Moreover, the rate of resistant varieties was unstable annually. It was important to make more efforts to enhance the rice blast resistance in northern China.

Key words: Rice breeding, Rice blast, Grain quality, Regional trail, Yield component

Fig.1

Number of rice varieties in northern rice regional trials of China from 2001 to 2015"

Fig.2

Average yield of rice varieties in northern rice regional trails of China from 2001 to 2015"

Table 1

Yield and its components of different groups"

组别Group 产量(t/hm2)
Yield
 有效穗(×104/hm2)
Panicle number		 株高(cm)
Plant height		 穗长(cm)
Panicle length		 每穗粒数
Grains per panicle		 结实率(%)
Seed setting rate		 千粒重(g)
1000-grain weight
黄淮粳稻HJR 8.99b 313.5d 104.7b 17.9bc 148.2a 83.4b 25.5a
京津唐粳稻JJR 9.21b 331.5cd 110.9a 18.7a 142.6a 87.1a 25.5a
晚熟中早粳LMJR 9.17b 361.5c 105.1b 18.3ab 132.2b 86.8a 25.3a
中熟中早粳MMJR 9.86a 495.0a 98.9c 16.9d 109.9c 82.5b 24.5b
早熟中早粳EMJR 9.32b 453.0b 101.9bc 17.7c 109.1c 87.2a 25.0ab

Fig.3

High quality rate of rice varieties and major quality traits in northern rice regional trials of China from 2001 to 2015"

Table 2

Rice qualities of different groups in northern rice regional of China"

组别
Group		 优质率(%)
High quality
rate		 整精米率(%)
Head rice rate		 垩白粒率(%)
Chalky rice rate		 垩白度(%)
Chalkiness degree		 直链淀粉含量(%)
Amylose content
平均值
Average		 优质率
High quality rate		 平均值
Average		 优质率
High quality rate		 平均值
Average		 优质率
High quality rate		 平均值
Average		 优质率
High quality rate
黄淮粳稻HJR 50.9 66.3±3.1 90.3 29.8±7.3 58.5 3.7±1.7 76.1 16.4±0.7 94.1
京津唐粳稻JJR 60.0 66.6±3.3 83.3 26.1±11.4 66.0 3.6±2.0 75.3 15.9±1.1 92.7
晚熟中早粳LMJR 52.2 66.5±3.4 87.3 27.3±9.2 63.1 3.7±1.5 79.6 15.9±0.6 87.3
中熟中早粳MMJR 67.5 65.9±1.7 86.9 22.1±7.5 81.3 2.4±0.9 92.5 16.6±0.8 95.0
早熟中早粳EMJR 74.1 66.1±2.2 88.6 19.5±4.9 88.0 2.4±0.7 93.4 16.5±0.7 92.8

Table 3

Blast resistant rate of rice varieties in northern rice regional trials of China from 2008 to 2015 %"

年份
Year		 依据穗颈瘟损失率最高级
By the highest loss rate of panicle neck blast		 依据稻瘟病综合抗性指数
By index of rice blast comprehensive resistance
≤1 ≤3 ≤5 ≤2.0 ≤4.0 ≤5.0
2008 6.7 30.0 66.7 5.0 43.3 70.0
2009 4.5 32.8 56.7 7.5 40.0 60.0
2010 7.5 43.3 64.2 7.5 45.0 81.7
2011 28.6 68.3 81.0 15.9 68.3 81.7
2012 10.4 28.4 68.7 11.9 71.7 91.7
2013 5.9 29.4 55.9 14.7 73.3 81.7
2014 1.3 13.0 35.1 10.4 51.7 70.0
2015 1.3 16.7 51.3 6.4 53.3 85.0
平均Average 8.3 32.7 59.9 9.9 55.8 77.7
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