Crops ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 1-5.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2016.03.001

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Using Integrated Technology of Stubble-Shoving,Ridge-Cleaning and Precise Sowing to Achieve the High Yield,High Efficiency and Environment-Friendly in Maize Production

Zhao Ming,Ma Wei,Zhou Baoyuan,Sun Xuefang   

  1. Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-Physiology and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture,Beijing 100081,China
  • Received:2016-04-14 Revised:2016-05-16 Online:2016-06-15 Published:2018-08-26

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Abstract:

Achieving high yield with high efficiency and environment-friendly is extremly important for maize production. There are three problems and challenges, barrier of tillage layer, problem of straw management, and bad of plant population. Experts from Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences developed key technologies about stubble-shoving, ridge-cleaning, subsoil fertilizer and precise sowing. Based on these technologies, we innovated integrated sowing technology in maize, which could satisfy simultaneously all the demands for summer maize sowing. Development of new production for maize new-type integrated sowing machine, which can shove stubble, clean ridge, fertilizer subsoil and sowing precisely, water and pesticide spray. With this machine and sowing technology, we established integrated, mechanical simple cultivation technology for high population maize. The technology have been popularized in main maize production area in China, which have good effect on increasing maize yield and profits significantly. In conclusion,applying for this new sowing technology can improve soil quality, sowing effect, enhance working performance, reduce cost, and prevent stubble burning. Our research will provide a better and new model for maize production.

Key words: Maize, Stubble-shoving and ridge-cleaning, Subsoiling tillage, Subsoil fertilizer, Interlaced sowing

Fig.1

Schematic diagram for integrated technology of stubble-shoving, ridge-cleaning and precise sowing (SRSI) in maize ①Field with straw mulching, ②Stubble-shoving and ridge-cleaning, ③Subsoiling tillage and subsoil fertilizer, ④Interlaced sowing, ⑤Earth covering and pressing, ⑥Shoved straw,⑦Sowing place,⑧Straw mulching place between two rows of maize."

Fig.2

The integreated maize planter with stubble-shoving, ridge-cleaning,subsoiling tillage, subsoil fertilizer, and interlaced sowing (SRSIP) ①Stubble cutting and rotary device, ②Seed case, ③Fluted force-feed drill, ④Furrow opener, ⑤Soil moisture filling implement, ⑥Fertilizer box, ⑦Device for subsoilling and subsoil fertilization."

Fig.3

Schematic diagram on field for integrated technology of stubble-shoving,ridge-cleaning and precise sowing (SRSI) in maize"

Table 1

Comparision of maize yield and yield compontents between SRSI and traditional planting practice"

示范点
Sites		 处理Treatments 穗数(万/hm2)
No. of spike		 穗粒数
No. of kernel per spike		 千粒重(g)
1000-grain weight		 产量(t/hm2)
Yield		 增幅(%)
Rate of increase
河南滑县
Hua county,Henan		 传统种植
Traditional planting		 5.7
 610
 326.15
 11.2
 -
推茬清垄精播
Stubble-shoving,ridge-cleaning,precise sowing		 6.1
 621
 339.68
 12.9
 14.7
河北辛集
Xinji,Hebei		 传统种植
Traditional planting		 5.9
 595
 261.26
 9.2
 -
推茬清垄精播
Stubble-shoving,ridge-cleaning,precise sowing		 6.5
 593
 274.15
 10.5
 14.0
山东泰安
Tai’an,Shandong		 传统种植
Traditional planting		 5.3
 540
 390.38
 11.2
 -
推茬清垄精播
Stubble-shoving,ridge-cleaning,precise sowing		 6.8

 480
 384.73
 12.6
 12.8
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