Crops ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 144-149.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2018.05.023

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The Effects of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, or Potassium Fertilizer on the Yield and Silage Quality of Maize

Gao Wenjun1,Yang Guoyi2,Gao Xinzhong2,Yu Zhu3,Xu Qingfang1,Yuan Xiangyang4,Sun Yaowu5   

  1. 1 College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
    2 Forage Work Station of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
    3 College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
    4 College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
    5 Shanxi Wanrongchang Sheep Farming Cooperatives, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
  • Received:2018-03-22 Revised:2018-08-31 Online:2018-10-15 Published:2018-10-12
  • Contact: Qingfang Xu

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Abstract:

The effects of fertilizer N (150kg/hm 2), P2O5 (120kg/hm 2), and K2O (150kg/hm 2) on maize raw material and silage at sheep manured soil were studied. The results indicated that the yields of maize silage were increased significantly (P<0.01) with the N fertilizer, which had the higher milk per mu index compared that of the CK, P2O5 and K2O (P<0.05). Compared to the treatments of CK and P2O5, the yield of maize with K2O application increased significantly (P<0.05). The fermentative quality of silage maize had no significant difference except achiving a higher ammonia nitrogen content of silage with N fertilizer. Silage not only preserved the nutrient content of the maize raw materials, but also reduced the nitrate content.

Key words: Silage maize, Nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, Yield, Quality

Fig.1

Fresh weight and dry weight of silage maize under different treatmentsDifferent lowercase letters means significant difference at 0.05 level (P<0.05). Different capital letters means significant difference at 0.01 level (P<0.01). The same below"

Table 1

The effects of different treatments on quality characters of silage maize %"

项目Item CK N P K
干物质Dry matter 30.08±1.08a 29.46±0.73a 29.89±1.35a 30.02±1.26a
粗蛋白Crude protein 8.49±0.36a 8.86±0.42a 8.37±0.45a 8.26±0.61a
中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber 48.37±1.62a 46.29±1.71a 47.62±1.39a 46.45±1.26a
酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber 23.72±0.97a 22.48±1.04a 24.08±1.18a 24.32±1.35a
粗灰分Crude ash 4.29±0.42a 4.12±0.39a 4.17±0.61a 4.35±0.74a
淀粉Starch 28.69±1.09a 29.17±1.72a 28.83±1.05a 29.09±0.86a
水溶性碳水化合物Water soluble carbohydrate 14.61±1.16a 12.79±0.74b 13.58±1.25ab 13.67±1.32ab
粗脂肪Ether extract 3.42±0.28a 3.18±0.17a 3.27±0.25a 3.39±0.19a
体外干物质消化率In vitro dry matter degradability 69.37±1.97a 68.75±2.03a 69.04±1.62a 69.31±1.75a
体外中性洗涤纤维消化率In vitro neutral detergent fiber degradability 49.05±1.08a 50.11±1.15a 49.38±2.14a 49.29±1.47a

Fig.2

Milk per ton and Milk per mu of silage maize under different treatments"

Fig.3

Contents of nitrate and nitrite of silage maize under different treatments"

Table 2

The fermentation quality of silage maize under different treatments"

处理
Treatment		 pH 氨态氮(%)
Ammonia nitrogen		 乳酸(%)
Lactic acid		 乙酸(%)
Acetic acid		 丙酸(%)
Propionic acid
CK 3.82±0.04 1.73±0.23b 3.49±0.18a 0.73±0.14a 0.18±0.07a
N 3.93±0.07 2.34±0.16a 3.76±0.19a 0.84±0.13a 0.14±0.11a
P 3.96±0.08 1.86±0.15b 3.62±0.09a 0.75±0.09a 0.17±0.02a
K 3.79±0.11 1.69±0.26b 3.71±0.28a 0.80±0.23a 0.16±0.06a

Table 3

The nutritive composition of silage maize under different treatments %"

项目Item CK N P K
干物质保存率Dry matter preserved rate 96.07±0.98a 95.39±1.33a 96.12±1.24a 95.54±1.12a
干物质Dry matter 30.21±1.08a 30.32±1.19a 30.41±1.21a 29.87±1.16a
粗蛋白Crude protein 8.42±0.53a 8.78±0.63a 8.39±0.44a 8.41±0.43a
中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber 48.64±1.11a 47.05±1.12a 49.07±1.61a 47.73±1.38a
酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber 24.28±1.47a 23.49±1.33a 24.88±1.63a 24.69±1.58a
粗灰分Crude ash 4.34±0.52a 4.23±0.47a 4.29±0.39a 4.41±0.17a

Fig.4

Contents of nitrate and nitrite of silage maize under different treatments"

Fig.5

Nitrate degradation of maize post-ensilage under different treatments"

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