Crops ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 112-117.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.01.016

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Developing and Screening of Chemical Regulator for Cotton Topping

Sun Zhengran(), Wu Hao, Zhang Cuiping, Zhang Jinli, He Daohua()   

  1. College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
  • Received:2020-05-14 Revised:2020-11-05 Online:2021-02-15 Published:2021-02-23
  • Contact: He Daohua E-mail:973605160@qq.com;daohuahe@nwafu.edu.cn

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Abstract:

Topping by chemical regulator can inhibit the apical dominance and endless growth, and facilitate the efficient and simplified cultivation (ESC) management practices in cotton production. The appropriate chemical reagent and solution for cotton topping is the key to ESC management. In this study, three kinds of solution (Z1, Z3, and Z4) were made, along with three commercial regulators, flumetralin (Z2), DPC+ (Z5), and N-dimethyl piperidinium chloride (DPC, Z6), purchased in the agri-supplies-market, were sprayed at flowering-bolling stage (July 26th) (control: no topping). At the boll-open stage, plant height, height of first branch, the fruit branch length of upper part of plant (9th sympodial branch), middle part (5th sympodial branch) and lower part (2nd sympodial branch), yield traits, and fiber quality were investigated and statistically analyzed. The results showed that all the different chemical topping reagents could inhibit the plant height and the height of the first fruit branch, and reduced the length of the upper fruit branch. Different chemical topping reagents increased the effective number of bolls of the cotton plant and the fiber yield, but they did not decrease the quality of cotton fiber. The chemical topping reagent Z4 had the best effect on plant type, yield and quality.

Key words: Cotton, Chemical regulator for topping, Agronomic characteristic, Economic characteristic

Table 1

Components of reagent and experimental treatment for chemical topping"

处理
Treatment		 组分
Component		 剂量
Dose		 H2O
(kg/hm2)
Z1 98%缩节胺11.5g,5.6g KOH,50g乙醇,30%聚丙烯酸水溶液24g 1 500g/hm2 300~450
Z2 氟节胺 600mL/hm2 450~600
CK 不打顶 – –
Z3 110.75g氟节胺,二甲苯溶液,乳化剂,二甲基甲酰胺 1 500g/hm2 300~450
Z4 19.9g缩节胺,40%的乙烯利13.27g,2.65g水杨酸钠,0.48g环烷酸锌,10.62g乳化剂 1 110g/hm2 300~450
Z5 增效缩节胺DPC+ 150g/hm2 300~450
Z6 缩节胺粉剂DPC 300g/hm2 300~450

Table 2

Effects of different chemical-topping reagents on plant height"

处理
Treatment		 7-26 8-06 8-16 8-26 9-26
Z1 68.2±1.4a 72.5±1.7a 72.7±1.8a 71.5±1.7a 74.0±1.9a
Z2 66.7±1.6ab 73.6±2.1a 74.0±2.0a 74.0±2.0a 77.8±2.1a
CK 62.1±2.9b 73.7±3.9a 74.7±3.8a 75.5±3.8a 79.1±3.9a
Z3 67.0±1.7ab 71.6±1.9ab 71.6±1.9ab 71.7±1.9a 74.5±2.0a
Z4 64.4±1.5ab 66.3±1.6bc 66.4±1.5bc 65.7±1.5b 67.3±1.4b
Z5 62.4±1.3b 64.9±1.3c 63.9±1.3c 64.4±1.3b 66.3±1.4b
Z6 61.9±1.6b 63.9±1.7c 64.4±1.5c 64.4±1.6b 66.4±1.6b

Fig.1

Effects of different chemical-topping reagents on plant height of cotton"

Table 3

Effects of different chemical-topping reagents on height of the first sympodial branch and length of sympodial branch cm"

处理
Treatment		 果枝始节高
Height of the first
sympodial branch		 果枝长度
Length of sympodial branch
上部
Upper		 中部
Middle		 下部
Lower
Z1 17.2±0.6a 21.1±2.7a 22.4±2.7a 12.9±2.4a
Z2 16.6±0.5a 20.7±2.9ab 19.0±2.9b 11.5±3.1a
CK 17.6±0.7a 22.7±2.1a 21.3±1.9ab 14.6±2.5a
Z3 16.1±0.7a 22.1±1.7a 20.9±1.2ab 14.1±1.3a
Z4 14.5±0.6b 14.1±2.2b 21.2±1.5ab 12.0±2.2a
Z5 14.2±0.7b 21.4±3.1ab 21.2±2.8ab 11.8±2.8a
Z6 15.9±1.4ab 20.6±2.1ab 20.5±2.5ab 13.9±2.8a

Fig.2

Effects of different chemical-topping reagents on length of sympodial branch"

Table 4

Effect of different chemical topping reagents on yield traits"

处理
Treatment		 单株铃数Number of bolls per plant 铃重
Boll weight (g)		 籽指
Seed index (g)		 衣指
Lint index (g)		 衣分
Lint percentage (%)		 籽棉产量
Seed cotton yield (kg/hm2)
内围Inner 外围Outer
Z1 4.7±0.5a 4.1±0.9a 5.30±0.2a 10.5±0.2bc 7.24±0.4ab 40.88±0.1a 3 194.4±856.5b
Z2 5.4±0.9a 4.3±1.2a 5.67±0.1a 11.5±0.2a 8.24±0.2a 41.08±0.1a 3 453.2±390.0b
CK 4.6±0.5a 2.7±0.9a 5.80±0.4a 10.5±0.1bc 7.47±0.3ab 42.31±0.1a 2 959.1±348.0c
Z3 5.4±0.3a 3.7±0.8a 5.54±0.4a 11.2±0.7ab 8.23±0.8a 41.74±0.1a 3 953.3±741.0ab
Z4 5.5±0.5a 4.5±0.8a 5.60±0.6a 10.2±0.1c 7.70±0.1ab 41.50±0.1a 3 994.2±160.5a
Z5 4.8±0.4a 4.2±0.8a 5.37±0.2a 11.6±0.2a 7.95±0.3ab 40.29±0.1a 3 236.9±487.5b
Z6 4.9±0.6a 3.9±1.1a 5.48±0.1a 10.5±0.1bc 6.74±0.1b 39.41±0.1a 3 378.6±330.0b

Table 5

Effects of different chemical-topping reagents on the fiber quality"

处理
Treatment		 纤维长度
Length (mm)		 整齐度指数
Uniformity (%)		 断裂比强度
Strength (cN/tex)		 马克隆值
Micronaire		 伸长率
Elongation (%)		 反射率
Reflection (%)		 黄度
Yellowness		 纺纱均匀性指数
Spinning consistent
Z1 25.8±0.7c 80.3±1.1b 29.2±1.3a 5.3±0.1a 6.3±0.1bc 69.8±1.1a 9.1±0.3a 101.7±8.7b
Z2 27.1±0.6abc 83.8±0.4ab 29.8±1.3a 4.9±0.1ab 6.4±0.1ab 71.5±0.7a 8.9±0.3a 127.3±7.4ab
CK 28.4±0.3a 85.5±0.3a 31.3±0.6a 5.0±0.1ab 6.2±0.1bc 69.2±1.2a 8.3±0.2a 139.0±3.5a
Z3 28.0±0.5ab 83.0±0.5ab 29.9±0.2a 5.0±0.2ab 6.4±0.2ab 71.3±1.0a 8.7±0.3a 124.0±1.5ab
Z4 28.1±0.5ab 82.8±1.1ab 28.3±0.5a 4.8±0.3ab 6.7±0.1a 68.8±0.2a 8.8±0.3a 115.0±4.5ab
Z5 26.3±1.1bc 81.4±2.4ab 29.3±1.1a 4.9±0.2ab 5.9±0.1c 68.8±0.8a 8.8±0.5a 110.7±16.4ab
Z6 27.8±1.6abc 82.6±1.1ab 31.4±1.6a 4.6±0.1b 6.2±0.1bc 68.2±1.5a 9.3±0.2a 126.7±9.5ab
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