Crops ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 88-94.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.06.014

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Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on Growth, Photosynthetic Fluorescence Characteristics and Yield Components of Adzuki Bean

Chen Zhongcheng1,2(), Jin Xijun1,2, Li He1, Zhou Weixin1, Qiang Binbin1, Liu Jia1, Zhang Yuxian1,2()   

  1. 1College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, China
    2National Coarse Cereals Engineering Technology Research Center, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, China
  • Received:2021-01-29 Revised:2021-03-30 Online:2021-12-15 Published:2021-12-16
  • Contact: Zhang Yuxian E-mail:784533319@qq.com;zyx_lxy@126.com

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Abstract:

In order to study the effects of exogenous melatonin on the growth, photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics and yield components of adzuki bean Zhenzhuhong, the main adzuki bean variety in Heilongjiang province, was used in pot culture, different concentrations of melatonin (0, 50, 100, 200μmol/L) were sprayed at seedling stage, flowering and podding stage and seed filling stage. The results showed that, compared with the control, the treatments of 50, 100 and 200μmol/L melatonin increased plant height, leaf area, dry matter accumulation, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) and potential photochemical activity (Fv/Fo), and the treatment of 100μmol/L melatonin had the greatest improvement. The grain weight per plant of adzuki bean were 5.53, 6.13 and 5.90g at seedling stage, flowering and pod stage and seed filling stage, respectively, which increased by 6.3%, 12.1% and 9.5% compared with CK. In conclusion, spraying 100μmol/L melatonin at flowering and pod stage of adzuki bean had the most significant increase effect on yield.

Key words: Adzuki bean, Melatonin, Dry matter accumulation, Photosynthetic characteristics, Yield

Table 1

Effects of spraying melatonin with different concentrations at different growth stages on morphological indexes of adzuki bean"

时期
Period		 褪黑素浓度
Melatonin concentration (μmol/L)		 株高
Plant height (cm)		 茎粗
Stem diameter (mm)		 叶面积
Leaf area (mm2)
苗期Seedling stage 0 (CK) 15.90±0.92c 3.41±0.06ab 6629.4±2010.1a
50 21.33±0.51b 3.27±0.05ab 7649.5±944.1a
100 23.73±0.77a 3.74±0.07a 7937.2±826.0a
200 17.08±0.78c 2.98±0.10b 7466.9±1219.4a
花荚期Flowering and pod stage 0 (CK) 16.72±0.74a 3.19±0.22a 20357.7±1986.6b
50 16.58±0.46a 2.94±0.14a 23280.6±2267.9ab
100 18.67±1.23a 3.56±0.54a 31500.4±5155.7a
200 17.03±0.76a 2.61±0.14a 15567.3±2205.1b
鼓粒期Seed filling stage 0 (CK) 15.10±1.36a 3.24±0.16a 20079.7±3661.2c
50 16.26±1.03a 2.87±0.14a 30989.3±3686.5ab
100 19.12±1.78a 3.70±0.49a 33633.0±1700.5a
200 15.60±0.48a 3.39±0.13a 22887.7±1090.7bc

Table 2

Effects of spraying melatonin with different concentrations at different growth stages on matter accumulation of adzuki bean"

时期
Period		 褪黑素浓度
Melatonin concentration
(μmol/L)		 地上鲜重
Aboveground
fresh weight (g)		 地下鲜重
Underground
fresh weight (g)		 地下部干重
Underground
dry weight (g)		 地上部干重
Aboveground
dry weight (g)		 根冠比
Root shoot
ratio
苗期Seedling stage 0 (CK) 3.25±0.19a 1.51±0.46a 0.31±0.03a 0.59±0.08b 0.50±0.04a
50 3.21±0.19a 1.96±0.41a 0.35±0.07a 0.76±0.04ab 0.53±0.03a
100 3.54±0.44a 1.26±0.21a 0.47±0.06a 0.89±0.06a 0.56±0.04a
200 3.76±0.38a 1.86±0.17a 0.42±0.05a 0.74±0.05b 0.49±0.03a
花荚期Flowering and pod stage 0 (CK) 8.14±0.62c 5.80±0.61b 0.77±0.09a 1.44±0.09bc 0.54±0.03a
50 10.05±0.10b 6.18±0.53ab 1.00±0.11a 1.68±0.05b 0.60±0.02a
100 13.86±0.90a 7.95±0.89a 1.23±0.30a 2.04±0.11a 0.66±0.04a
200 6.73±0.18c 4.35±0.39b 0.75±0.02a 1.30±0.11c 0.59±0.06a
鼓粒期Seed filling stage 0 (CK) 8.05±0.27b 4.48±0.81bc 0.85±0.11ab 1.57±0.14b 0.55±0.05ab
50 11.38±0.76a 6.31±0.56b 1.03±0.16ab 1.86±0.10ab 0.66±0.04ab
100 12.03±0.46a 8.38±0.47a 1.19±0.02a 2.08±0.16a 0.69±0.05a
200 7.79±0.53a 4.18±0.40c 0.71±0.04b 1.60±0.17ab 0.51±0.06b

Table 3

Effects of spraying melatonin with different concentrations at different growth stages on photosynthetic pigment contents of adzuki bean"

时期
Period		 褪黑素浓度
Melatonin concentration (μmol/L)		 叶绿素a
Chl a (mg/g)		 叶绿素b
Chl b (mg/g)		 类胡萝卜素
Carotenoid (mg/g)		 总叶绿素a+b
Chl (a+b) (mg/g)		 叶绿素比值
Chl (a/b)
苗期Seedling stage 0 (CK) 1.25±0.064bc 0.40±0.018ab 0.30±0.025b 1.65±0.080ab 3.14±0.09b
50 1.36±0.089ab 0.45±0.027a 0.29±0.019bc 1.81±0.117a 3.02±0.02b
100 1.46±0.034a 0.44±0.012a 0.40±0.014a 1.89±0.046a 3.35±0.01a
200 1.07±0.018ab 0.36±0.010b 0.24±0.003c 1.43±0.029ab 3.00±0.04ab
花荚期Flowering and pod stage 0 (CK) 1.82±0.046b 0.52±0.019c 0.45±0.008b 2.35±0.065b 3.47±0.04a
50 2.52±0.126a 0.73±0.044b 0.59±0.023a 3.25±0.169a 3.45±0.06a
100 2.69±0.213a 0.88±0.073a 0.55±0.004a 3.57±0.285a 3.04±0.04b
200 1.83±0.091b 0.63±0.023bc 0.28±0.018c 2.46±0.114b 2.91±0.05b
鼓粒期Seed filling stage 0 (CK) 0.99±0.078ab 0.29±0.024ab 0.43±0.035a 1.28±0.101ab 3.49±0.03a
50 0.98±0.021ab 0.33±0.008ab 0.38±0.011ab 1.30±0.030ab 2.95±0.01b
100 1.19±0.197a 0.44±0.083a 0.44±0.065a 1.63±0.281a 2.77±0.07c
200 0.69±0.093b 0.23±0.028b 0.29±0.029b 0.92±0.121b 2.95±0.06b

Fig.1

Effects of spraying melatonin with different concentrations at different growth stages on photosynthetic characteristics of adzuki bean Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference at 0.05 level. The same below"

Fig.2

Effects of spraying melatonin with different concentrations at different growth stages on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of adzuki bean"

Table 4

Effects of spraying melatonin with different concentrations at different growth stages on yield components of adzuki bean"

时期
Period		 褪黑素浓度
Melatonin concentration (μmol/L)		 单株荚数
Pods per plant		 单株粒数
Seeds per pod		 百粒重
100-grain weight (g)		 单株粒重
Grain weight per plant (g)
苗期Seedling stage 0 (CK) 11.50±0.65a 55.00±4.93a 9.07±0.21a 5.20±0.46a
50 12.00±0.71a 55.00±3.56a 9.08±0.27a 5.37±0.31a
100 13.25±0.48a 55.75±0.95a 9.30±0.67a 5.53±0.08a
200 13.00±0.71a 55.75±2.63a 9.13±0.34a 5.36±0.18a
花荚期Flowering and pod stage 0 (CK) 12.50±0.65a 57.25±2.14a 9.02±0.28a 5.47±0.06b
50 13.75±0.63a 59.25±2.06a 9.44±0.63a 5.76±0.11ab
100 14.25±0.75a 61.00±1.35a 9.82±0.19a 6.13±0.09a
200 12.00±0.71a 54.75±2.50a 8.74±0.78a 5.45±0.22b
鼓粒期Seed filling stage 0 (CK) 12.25±0.25a 57.00±2.48a 8.94±0.45b 5.39±0.20ab
50 12.50±0.87a 58.25±2.06a 10.05±0.26a 5.65±0.24a
100 13.25±0.48a 60.00±1.83a 10.90±0.17a 5.90±0.05a
200 12.75±0.63a 53.50±2.25b 8.92±0.14b 5.00±0.17b
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