Crops ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 95-100.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.06.015

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Effects of Film Mulching Method and Transplanting Seedling Age on Yield and Quality of Flue-Cured Tobacco in Honghe

Wang Chuliang1(), Song Wenfeng3, Guan Luohao1, Xie Jin1, Huang Hao1, Li Wangyang2, Wang Wei2()   

  1. 1Guangdong China Tobacco Industry Co. Ltd., Guangzhou 510310, Guangdong, China
    2College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
    3Honghezhou Branch of Yunnan Tobacco Company, Honghe 652399, Yunnan, China
  • Received:2020-11-06 Revised:2020-11-23 Online:2021-12-15 Published:2021-12-16
  • Contact: Wang Wei E-mail:wangchuliang1984@163.com;wangwei@scau.edu.cn

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Abstract:

Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different mulching methods and transplanting seedling age on the seedling rate, return to seedling period, agronomic characteristics, incidence rate and disease index, chemical composition and economic properties of flue-cured tobacco so as to explore the high-quality and high-yield flue-cured tobacco planting techniques in the Honghe production area of Yunnan. The results showed that, from the perspective of the two methods of transplanting, the effects of transplanting under plastic film was better than transplanting over plastic film, with higher seedling rate, shorter return period, lower incidence rate and disease index, and higher economic benefits. From the perspective of tobacco plants of different seedling ages, except for the treatment of transplanting middle seedlings on mulch, other treatments all showed the phenomenon that the older the seedling age, the worse performance of each index. Therefore, tobacco plants transplanted with small seedlings (four leaves and one heart) under mulch grew best, and agronomic traits were the best; while grew best with middle seedlings (six leaves and one heart) on mulch.

Key words: Flue-cured tobacco, Mulching method, Transplanting seedling age, Yield, Quality

Table 1

Comparison of quality characteristics of tobacco seedlings of different seedling ages"

处理
Treatment		 苗龄
Seedling age (d)		 苗高
Seedling height (cm)		 茎高
Stem height (cm)		 茎围
Stem perimeter (cm)		 最大根长
Maximum root length (cm)		 地上部鲜重
Shoot fresh weight (g)
B1 42.5c 8.78c 2.21c 1.10b 6.30b 1.92c
B2 54.2b 14.42b 5.47b 1.26ab 7.48ab 2.87b
B3 66.4a 17.35a 7.68a 1.57a 8.12a 3.56a

Fig.1

Effects of different treatments on seedling rate and returning to seedling period of tobacco seedlings after transplanting The different lowercase letters indicate significant difference at 0.05 level"

Table 2

Effects of different treatments on agronomic characteristics of tobacco seedlings at the maturity stage after transplanting"

处理
Treatment		 株高
Plant height
(cm)		 茎围
Stem
perimeter
(cm)		 叶片数
Number
of leaves		 节距
Pitch
(cm)		 上部叶Upper leaf (cm) 中部叶Middle leaf (cm) 下部叶Lower leaf (cm)
叶长
Leaf length		 叶宽
Leaf width		 叶长
Leaf length		 叶宽
Leaf width		 叶长
Leaf length		 叶宽
Leaf width
A1B1 96.52a 9.31a 23.4a 4.36a 52.5a 22.8a 70.6a 31.1a 68.6s 38.5s
A1B2 93.31b 9.13b 22.3b 4.17ab 49.3ab 19.3b 65.5b 26.5b 64.2b 35.7b
A1B3 91.24c 9.01c 21.8bc 4.06b 48.2b 17.4c 63.2c 25.8bc 61.2c 33.2c
A2B1 91.54c 9.08bc 22.1b 3.97bc 49.1b 18.1bc 62.7c 26.1b 62.1c 35.4b
A2B2 94.15b 9.25a 22.5b 4.25a 51.2a 20.3b 67.2b 29.6a 64.5b 37.7a
A2B3 90.23c 8.93c 21.6c 3.83c 46.7c 16.7c 60.4d 25.2c 56.6d 31.4d

Table 3

Effects of different treatments on the main diseases of flue-cured tobacco after transplanting"

处理
Treatment		 花叶病Mosaic disease 气候斑病Climate spot 青枯病Bacterial wilt
发病率
Incidence rate (%)		 病情指数
Disease index		 发病率
Incidence rate (%)		 病情指数
Disease index		 发病率
Incidence rate (%)		 病情指数
Disease index
A1B1 10.2d 3.6 5.1c 2.3 1.9b 2.3
A1B2 14.1c 4.1 5.8bc 3.8 1.7b 2.5
A1B3 15.3b 6.5 6.3b 4.1 2.1ab 1.9
A2B1 14.7bc 6.2 6.4b 3.2 2.2ab 3.3
A2B2 15.6b 7.1 7.8a 4.3 2.8a 3.1
A2B3 19.6a 7.8 8.3a 5.2 3.2a 4.3

Table 4

Effects of different treatments on the conventional chemical components of flue-cured tobacco leaves %"

等级
Grade		 处理
Treatment		 总糖
Total
sugar		 还原糖
Reducing
sugar		 淀粉
Starch		 烟碱
Nicotine		 钾
Potassium		 全氮
Total
nitrogen		 两糖差
Difference between
total sugar and
reducing sugar		 氮碱比
Nitrogen-
nicotine
ratio
B2F A1B1 23.67±0.33b 16.26±0.23c 3.76±0.04d 3.45±0.01a 2.65±0.03a 2.67±0.01a 7.41 0.77
A1B2 24.75±0.86a 17.89±0.21b 4.13±0.02c 3.01±0.02ab 2.45±0.01ab 2.48±0.02c 6.86 0.82
A1B3 23.72±0.74ab 17.76±0.24b 4.25±0.02bc 3.12±0.01ab 2.38±0.02b 2.51±0.01ab 5.96 0.80
A2B1 23.51±0.25bc 18.32±0.35a 4.35±0.05bc 2.98±0.03c 2.48±0.01ab 2.62±0.03ab 5.19 0.88
A2B2 23.54±0.32bc 18.04±0.23ab 5.01±0.01a 3.13±0.01ab 2.43±0.03b 2.47±0.01c 5.50 0.79
A2B3 22.35±0.21d 18.11±0.26ab 4.16±0.02c 2.87±0.02c 2.37±0.02c 2.42±0.02cd 4.24 0.84
C3F A1B1 22.21±0.31c 16.56±0.14b 4.89±0.04a 2.45±0.01ab 2.89±0.01a 2.85±0.01a 5.65 1.16
A1B2 22.23±0.23c 17.05±0.13ab 4.82±0.03ab 2.35±0.04c 2.86±0.01ab 2.75±0.01ab 5.18 1.17
A1B3 23.11±0.31b 15.14±0.14c 4.74±0.04bc 2.49±0.01ab 2.75±0.01c 2.65±0.01c 7.97 1.06
A2B1 24.23±0.23a 15.05±0.23c 4.68±0.03d 2.35±0.04c 2.73±0.02c 2.63±0.02c 9.18 1.12
A2B2 23.89±0.13ab 16.10±0.16b 4.60±0.02e 2.41±0.02b 2.66±0.02d 2.56±0.02cd 7.79 1.06
A2B3 24.14±0.13a 17.41±0.23a 4.56±0.01e 2.59±0.02a 2.54±0.02e 2.49±0.04d 6.73 0.96

Table 5

Effects of different treatments on economic properties of flue-cured tobacco"

处理
Treatment		 产量
Yield
(kg/hm2)		 均价（元/kg）
Average price
(yuan/kg)		 产值（元/hm2）
Output value
(yuan/hm2)		 上等烟比例
Proportion of first-
class cigarettes (%)		 中上等烟比例
Proportion of middle- and
upper-class cigarettes (%)
A1B1 2158.51±31.17a 30.13±0.09a 65 035.90±131.43a 48.88±0.28a 94.87±0.13a
A1B2 2072.42±34.29b 29.76±0.18a 61 675.22±156.96b 47.96±0.25ab 94.62±0.19a
A1B3 2061.63±28.23c 29.36±0.13ab 60 529.46±132.39c 47.69±0.25b 94.21±0.23a
A2B1 2081.33±23.14b 28.93±0.19bc 60 212.88±101.42c 47.58±0.08b 94.32±0.16a
A2B2 2092.12±27.22b 29.46±0.12a 61 633.86±89.96b 47.36±0.34b 93.38±0.22b
A2B3 2038.41±42.12c 28.23±0.09c 57 544.31±92.43d 46.33±0.17dc 92.95±0.11c
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