Crops ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (4): 172-178.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2022.04.024

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Effects of Sowing Distance and Sowing Amount on the Growth Characteristics and Yield of Zhangzagu 10

Ma Ke1(), Feng Lei2, Zhao Xiatong1, Zhang Liguang1, Yuan Xiangyang1(), Dong Shuqi1, Guo Pingyi1, Song Xi’e1   

  1. 1College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, Shanxi, China
    2Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Fangshan County, Lüliang 033100, Shanxi, China
  • Received:2021-05-30 Revised:2021-07-28 Online:2022-08-15 Published:2022-08-22
  • Contact: Yuan Xiangyang E-mail:15535484140@163.com;yuanxiangyang200@163.com

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Abstract:

In order to increase the degree of robotic precision seeding of foxtail millet in mountainous terrain, the effects of sowing distance and sowing amount on the growth characteristics and yield of Zhangzagu 10 was investigated. The growth characteristics and yield of Zhangzagu 10 under various sowing settings were studied using the seed planter JAS-502B. The results showed that with the decrease of the sowing distance and the increase of the sowing rate, the plant height, chlorophyll b content, Ci, Fv/Fm, and number of ears of foxtail millet increased obviously, the stem diameter, leaf area, dry weight, chlorophyll a content, carotenoids content, Pn, Tr, Gs, ETR, nitrate reductase activity, soluble protein content and grain weight were reduced, chlorophyll (a+b) content, NPQ and qP had no significant difference. Under the experimental conditions, sowing through the F and X wheels, the yield of Zhangzagu 10 was increased, while it was decreased by seeding through YJ wheels. There was no significant difference in the yield of Zhangzagu 10 under different sowing distance. The number of spikes was adjusted by the number of tillers, which increased the yield of Zhangzagu 10 under low density conditions.

Key words: Foxtail millet, Zhangzagu 10, Mechanical precision seeding, Gas exchange parameters, Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, Yield

Table 1

Experimental treatments"

处理
Treatment		 播量（粒/穴）
Seeding rate
(grain/hole)		 播距
Seeding
distance (cm)		 出苗数（万株/hm2）
Emergency number
(×104/hm2)
F-7 3~4 7 40.020
F-10 3~4 10 25.020
F-13 3~4 13 19.680
X-7 2~3 7 17.010
X-10 2~3 10 12.000
X-13 2~3 13 11.010
YJ-7 1~2 7 9.345
YJ-10 1~2 10 7.335
YJ-13 1~2 13 6.675

Fig.1

Effects of seeding distance and seeding rate on the agronomic traits of Zhangzagu 10 The different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among the treatments at 0.05 level, the same below"

Table 2

Effects of seeding distance and seeding rate on photosynthetic pigment content of the 2nd leaf from top of Zhangzagu 10 mg/g"

处理
Treatment		 Chla Chlb 类胡萝卜素
Carotenoid		 Chl(a+b)
F-7 1.61±0.10b 0.59±0.05a 0.32±0.01c 2.20±0.15a
F-10 1.62±0.02b 0.48±0.15b 0.34±0.03bc 2.10±0.17a
F-13 1.63±0.16b 0.47±0.07bc 0.36±0.02ab 2.10±0.23a
X-7 1.67±0.18b 0.45±0.09bcd 0.36±0.02ab 2.12±0.27a
X-10 1.74±0.03ab 0.40±0.01bcd 0.36±0.01ab 2.14±0.04a
X-13 1.74±0.20ab 0.39±0.06bcd 0.37±0.02a 2.13±0.26a
YJ-7 1.80±0.19ab 0.38±0.07cd 0.37±0.01a 2.18±0.26a
YJ-10 1.87±0.26a 0.37±0.06d 0.37±0.01a 2.24±0.30a
YJ-13 1.88±0.14a 0.37±0.03d 0.38±0.02a 2.25±0.16a

Fig.2

Effects of seeding distance and seeding rate on photosynthetic characteristics at the 2nd leaf from top of Zhangzagu 10"

Table 3

Effects of seeding distance and seeding rate on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of the 2nd leaf from top of Zhangzagu 10"

处理Treatment Fv/Fm ETR [μmol/(m2·s)] NPQ qP
F-7 0.757±0.005a 33.000±7.550c 0.517±0.026a 0.873±0.152a
F-10 0.748±0.013ab 35.333±3.786bc 0.517±0.295a 0.893±0.054a
F-13 0.747±0.015ab 39.000±13.229abc 0.442±0.129a 0.902±0.069a
X-7 0.746±0.007b 41.333±6.429abc 0.450±0.131a 0.910±0.034a
X-10 0.745±0.018ab 42.333±0.577abc 0.451±0.066a 0.893±0.080a
X-13 0.743±0.006ab 43.000±6.000abc 0.446±0.333a 0.900±0.024a
YJ-7 0.738±0.005ab 43.333±5.508abc 0.386±0.205a 0.880±0.035a
YJ-10 0.738±0.007b 45.333±1.528ab 0.391±0.235a 0.840±0.057a
YJ-13 0.734±0.011b 48.000±4.359a 0.416±0.110a 0.781±0.194a

Fig.3

Effects of seeding distance and seeding rate on nitrogen metabolism characteristics of Zhangzagu 10"

Table 4

Effects of seeding distance and seeding rate on the yield of Zhangzagu 10"

处理Treatment 结穗数（穗/hm2）Amount of spikes (spike/hm2) 穗粒重Grain weight per spike (g) 产量Yield (kg/hm2)
F-7 395 019.75±8 660.70a 20.26±1.57h 7994.55±496.95a
F-10 375 018.75±15 000.75a 20.57±1.59h 7729.20±904.20a
F-13 365 018.25±8 660.70a 21.68±1.64g 7906.20±472.50a
X-7 325 016.25±37 751.10b 23.06±1.72f 7512.15±1 182.75a
X-10 315 015.75±30 001.50bc 24.04±1.77e 7548.00±542.10a
X-13 285 014.25±15 000.75c 25.06±1.82d 7160.55±895.80a
YJ-7 230 011.50±22 914.00d 26.57±1.90c 6141.00±1 061.55b
YJ-10 210 010.50±30 001.50d 28.89±2.03b 6106.50±1 295.70b
YJ-13 195 009.75±15 000.75d 30.73±2.13a 5998.95±678.15b
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