Crops ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 181-187.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.05.026

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Effects of Elevated CO2 Concentration on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Different Coix Cultivars

Lei Yun(), Xiong Lulu, Wang Jianjian()   

  1. College of Life Sciences / Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University / Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
  • Received:2023-08-23 Revised:2023-12-04 Online:2024-10-15 Published:2024-10-16

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Abstract:

Utilizing Xingren white husk and Anguo black husk Coix as test materials, the study examined the effects of changing CO2 concentration on the growth and physiological characteristics of Coix. Relevant indicators were identified and two CO2 concentrations were set: natural (400±20 μmol/mol) and high (800±20 μmol/mol). The results showed that the increase of CO2 concentration significantly promoted the morphological growth and biomass accumulation of Coix, and the total biomass of Xingren white husk and Anguo black husk increased by 30.00% and 20.85%, respectively. The CO2 concentration increased, and the coixin content of two cultivars decreased significantly, and the decrease in Xingren white husk was even greater. With the increase of CO2 concentration, the catalase (CAT) activity of Xingren white husk increased significantly by 133.89%, the activity of superoxide dismutase (POD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content decreased significantly, and the activities of CAT and POD of Anguo black husk decreased significantly, with a decrease of 69.25% and 56.37%, respectively. With the increase of CO2 concentration, the zeatin (ZA) and gibberellin (GA3) contents of Xingren white husk increased significantly, the content of auxin (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA) decreased significantly, the decrease rate were 38.04% and 27.91%, respectively, the contents of ZA, IAA and ABA in Anguo black husk decreased significantly, the IAA content changed significantly by 64.91%, and the GA3 content increased significantly by 66.39%. In conclusion, a rise in CO2 concentration could encourage the growth of Coix, and the impact of Coix's physiological traits varied throughout varieties, and the Anguo black husk Coix was more susceptible to CO2 levels.

Key words: CO2 concentration, Coix lacryma-jobi L., Growth, Physiological characteristic

Table 1

Effects of elevated CO2 concentration on morphological indexes of different Coix cultivars"

指标Index 兴仁白壳Xingren white husk 安国黑壳Anguo black husk
aC eC aC eC
根长Root length (cm) 32.50±2.77ab 30.35±5.37b 41.43±8.91a 35.65±6.22ab
根粗Root width (mm) 3.90±0.10a 4.14±0.08a 3.00±0.31c 3.40±0.15b
株高Plant height (cm) 57.58±3.89b 84.68±5.39a 50.10±3.84c 63.47±4.35b
茎粗Stem diameter (mm) 0.98±0.08ab 1.02±0.04a 0.88±0.12b 0.97±0.08ab
叶长Leaf length (cm) 40.52±4.33b 46.93±2.86a 33.28±1.79c 37.77±3.02b
叶宽Leaf width (cm) 2.75±0.10b 3.00±0.06a 2.42±0.12c 3.00±0.13a
叶面积Leaf area (cm2) 80.12±1.50c 108.75±0.52a 61.45±2.20d 83.72±1.98b
叶片数Number of blades 10.33±1.75b 11.83±1.33b 17.17±1.72a 17.17±1.17a

Table 2

Effects of elevated CO2 concentration on biomass accumulation and distribution of different Coix cultivars"

指标
Index		 兴仁白壳Xingren white husk 安国黑壳Anguo black husk
aC eC aC eC
根生物量Root biomass (g) 1.86±0.11c 2.53±0.22a 2.04±0.29bc 2.43±0.20ab
茎生物量Stem biomass (g) 1.22±0.05c 1.74±0.01a 1.13±0.02d 1.59±0.04b
叶生物量Leaf biomass (g) 1.11±0.01b 1.19±0.04a 1.05±0.04c 1.08±0.00bc
总生物量Total biomass (g) 4.20±0.07c 5.46±0.23a 4.22±0.23c 5.10±0.19b
根生物量比Root biomass ratio 0.44±0.02a 0.46±0.02a 0.48±0.04a 0.48±0.02a
茎生物量比Stem biomass ratio 0.29±0.02ab 0.32±0.01a 0.27±0.02b 0.31±0.02a
叶生物量比Leaf biomass ratio 0.27±0.01a 0.22±0.01b 0.25±0.02a 0.21±0.01b
根冠比Root-shoot ratio 0.80±0.07a 0.86±0.07a 0.94±0.16a 0.91±0.08a

Table 3

Effects of elevated CO2 concentration on chlorophyll and secondary metabolite contents in different Coix cultivars"

指标
Index		 兴仁白壳Xingren white husk 安国黑壳Anguo black husk
aC eC aC eC
SPAD 23.85±3.02b 22.20±0.71b 27.13±1.94a 27.95±1.50a
薏苡素Coix content (mg/100g) 44.60±0.16a 31.10±0.06c 34.31±0.68b 28.54±0.64d
总酚Total phenolic content (mg/100g) 2.56±0.14a 2.40±0.13a 2.44±0.04a 2.39±0.21a
类黄酮Flavonoid content (mg/100g) 60.99±6.23a 56.11±5.34a 59.59±2.07a 60.77±2.01a

Fig.1

Effects of elevated CO2 concentration on antioxidant enzyme activities and MDA contents of different Coix cultivars Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference at 5% level, the same below."

Fig.2

Effects of elevated CO2 concentration on endogenous hormone contents of different Coix cultivars"

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