水分与氮素及其互作调控小麦产量和水氮利用效率研究进展

doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2023.04.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

理解土壤水分与氮素及其互作对小麦产量与水氮利用效率的影响，对协同提高小麦产量和水氮利用效率有重要意义。本文综述了小麦节水灌溉技术、氮肥施用技术、水分和氮素对小麦产量与水氮利用效率的互作效应、作物―土壤关系及水氮调控机制等方面的进展。讨论了目前存在的问题，即高产小麦与土壤的水氮互作效应尚不明确，小麦水氮耦合与高效利用的分子机理尚不清楚以及协同提高小麦产量和水氮利用效率的调控途径与关键技术尚未掌握。针对上述问题，今后应重点探究高产小麦与土壤的水氮互作效应与机制、水氮互作调控小麦吸收利用水分和氮素的生理与分子机理，以及协同提高小麦产量和水氮利用效率的调控途径与关键技术。

关键词: 小麦, 水氮互作, 产量, 水分利用效率, 氮肥利用效率

Abstract:

Understanding the effects of water, nitrogen and their interaction on grain yield, water and nitrogen use efficiency is of great importance for synergistic improvement of grain yield, water and nitrogen use efficiency of wheat. This review focused on progress in water-saving irrigation technologies, nitrogen application technologies, interaction effects of water and nitrogen on grain yield, water and nitrogen use efficiency, root-soil relationship and its mechanism regulated by water and nitrogen. Some key problems were discussed: the synergistic interaction between water and nitrogen of soil and yield is still unclear; the molecular mechanism underlying the interaction between water and nitrogen on the efficient uptake and use of water and nitrogen in high-yielding wheat is still unclear; and the regulatory approach of synergistic increases in grain yield and water-nitrogen use efficiency has not been mastered. In view of the above problems, future research should focus on exploring the effect and mechanism of water nitrogen interaction between high-yield wheat and soil, and the physiological and molecular mechanism of water nitrogen interaction regulating water and nitrogen absorption in wheat; and the key regulatory approaches and technologies for synergetic increase of grain yield and water and nitrogen use efficiency in wheat.

Key words: Wheat, Water and nitrogen interaction, Yield, Water use efficiency, Nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency

刘颖, 顾昀怿, 张伟杨, 杨建昌. 水分与氮素及其互作调控小麦产量和水氮利用效率研究进展[J]. 作物杂志, 2023 (4): 7–15

Liu Ying, Gu Yunyi, Zhang Weiyang, Yang Jianchang. Research Advances in the Effects of Water and Nitrogen and Their Interaction on the Grain Yield, Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiencies of Wheat[J]. Crops, 2023(4): 7–15

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