关键词: 京津唐地区, 夏玉米, 产量, 种植密度, 品种选择

Abstract:

Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan summer maize region located in the northernmost part of the winter wheat-summer maize rotation region in China, and the light and heat resources are very scarce during the growth period. Analyzing the main problems and countermeasures in maize production in this area, especially the problem of variety selection, is of great significance to stabilize maize yield of the region. In this study, we investigated the production situation of farmers in Beijing, Tianjin and Tangshan in the form of issuing questionnaires to farmers in districts, towns and villages with typical soil and climate characteristics, a total of 720 questionnaires were issued from 2016 to 2017, and 445 valid questionnaires were recovered. The findings were as follows, the maize yield of the Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan summer maize region ranged from 4500kg/ha to 12 750kg/ha (coefficient of variation was 12.82%), and the average maize yield was 9003kg/ha. Farmers whose maize yield lower than 8250kg/ha accounted for the largest proportion, as high as 34.17%. The average planting density of the Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan summer maize region was 63 945 plants/ha, and the 28.87% of farmers grew maize with a planting density lower than 60 000plants/ha. There are 61 maize varieties was cultivated in Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan summer maize region. However, There were fewer varieties with higher utilization rate used by farmers, the utilization rates of 55 varieties were less than 3.00%. Meanwhile, the maize varieties selected by farmers had a long growth period, and accumulated temperature guarantee rates of 82.35% maize varieties were more than 90.00%, which was not conductive for maize high and stable yield.

Key words: Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan region, Summer maize, Yield, Planting density, Variety selection