国内外种子丸粒化技术研究进展

doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.06.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

种子丸粒化属于种子包衣技术范畴，该技术的特点是以种子为核心，利用分层包衣原理将丸粒化粉剂包裹在种子表面，使种子外观接近于球体。丸粒化种子外部包裹的粉剂材料由填充粉剂和粘合剂构成，承载的功能和成分相比其他类型包衣种子更加丰富，而且丸粒化种子体积增大，流动性增强，更有利于机械播种。本文首先从技术原理和方法详实地叙述了丸粒化技术对种子的保护与萌发、病虫草害防治与逆境适应、精量播种以及对作物生长影响等应用研究状况，继而对配制的丸粒化粉剂，包括粉剂材料选择、配方比例、添加剂成分与功能等进行了阐述，从工艺角度介绍了根据旋转法和气流成粒法原理研发的加工装备及其优缺点。介绍了国内外机械研发领域存在的差距和取得的进展，简述了国内种子丸粒化领域取得的专利和技术标准，最后提出了丸粒化技术研究的不足，同时为该领域发展提出了建议。

关键词: 种子, 丸粒化技术, 研究进展

Abstract:

Seed pelletization belongs to the category of seed coating technology, which is characterized by using the principle of layered coating to wrap the pelletized powder on the surface of the seed, making the appearance of the seed similar to that of a sphere. The powder material wrapped outside the pelletized seeds is composed of filling powder and adhesive, which have richer functions and components compared to other types of coated seeds. Moreover, the volume of pelletized seeds increases, the fluidity is enhanced, and it is more conducive to mechanical seeding. This article first provided a detailed description of the application research status of pelletizing technology from the perspectives of technical principles and methods, including seed protection and germination, pest control and stress resistance, precision sowing, and its impact on crop growth. Then, it elaborated on the pelletizing powder prepared, including the selection of powder materials, formula ratios, additive components and functions. Then, from a process perspective, it introduced the processing equipment developed based on the principles of rotation and airflow pelletizing, as well as their advantages and disadvantages. It introduced the gap and progress achieved in the field of mechanical research and development at home and abroad, briefly describes the patents and technical standards issued in the field of seed pelletizing in China, and finally the deficiencies in the research on seed pelleting technology in China were mentioned, and the suggestions for the development of this field were put forward at the same time.

Key words: Seed, Pelletization technology, Research progress

赵海新, 徐令旗, 陈书强, 蔡永盛, 杜晓东, 杨丽敏, 黄晓群, 薛菁芳. 国内外种子丸粒化技术研究进展[J]. 作物杂志, 2024 (6): 18–25

Zhao Haixin, Xu Lingqi, Chen Shuqiang, Cai Yongsheng, Du Xiaodong, Yang Limin, Huang Xiaoqun, Xue Jingfang. Research Progress on Seed Pelletization Technology at Home and Abroad[J]. Crops, 2024(6): 18–25

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