利用分子标记技术对玉米自交系子粒油分的改良研究

doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2019.03.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

高油玉米是指子粒油分含量高于6%的玉米,是一种优良的粮油饲兼用型作物。高油玉米自交系By804含有qHO1和qHO6两个提高子粒油分的主效QTL。以By804为供体,利用分子辅助选择技术,结合田间农艺性状鉴定及核磁共振油分检测,将2个主效QTL分别回交转育至普通玉米自交系lx9801、lx03-2及lx00-1中。结果表明：来自By804的2个QTL均表现为随着回交次数的增加,子粒含油量较轮回亲本提高幅度逐步降低;不同遗传背景对QTL效应有较大影响：2个QTL在不同自交系的效应均以lx9801最佳,转育目标QTL后自交系绝对含油量较轮回亲本平均增加0.72%;2个位点效应相比,qHO6对子粒含油量的改良效果较优,3个自交系的改良系平均绝对含油量增加0.58%。

关键词: 玉米, 自交系, 子粒油分, QTL, 分子标记辅助选择

Abstract:

High-oil maize refers to maize with a grain oil content higher than 6%. It is an excellent crop of grain, oil and feed. The high oil maize inbred line By804 contains two major QTLs, qHO1 and qHO6. In this study, By804 was used as a donor, using linkage-labeled molecular-assisted selection technology, combined with field agronomic traits identification and nuclear magnetic resonance verification, two major QTLs were transferred to common maize inbred lines lx9801, lx03-2 and lx00- 1 by backcrosses. The results showed that the growth trend of oil in different generations of improved inbred lines was similar. The generation BC₁F₁ had the highest oil content increase, and with the increase of backcross algebra, the oil content of grain decreased gradually. Different genetic backgrounds had an effect on oil content. The average effect on lx9801 was the best with absolute oil content increases by 0.72% compared with the two-point effects. qHO6 was better in improving the grain oil content, which could increased the oil content of grain by an average of 0.58%.

Key words: Maize, Inbred line, Grain oil, QTL, Marker-assisted selection

鲁守平,张华,孟昭东,穆春华. 利用分子标记技术对玉米自交系子粒油分的改良研究[J]. 作物杂志, 2019 (3): 24–28

Lu Shouping,Zhang Hua,Meng Zhaodong,Mu Chunhua. Improvement of Grain Oil Content in Maize Inbred Lines by Molecular Markering Technology[J]. Crops, 2019(3): 24–28

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参考文献 15

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时间Date	种植世代Generation	种植地点Site	选择方法Method of selection
2006年10月October 2006	亲本	海南三亚	-
2007年2月February 2007	F₁	海南三亚	-
2007年6月June 2007	BC₁F₁	济南章丘	农艺性状、油分检测、标记辅助检测
2007年10月October 2007	BC₂F₁	海南三亚	农艺性状、油分检测、标记辅助检测
2008年6月June 2008	BC₃F₁	济南章丘	农艺性状、油分检测、标记辅助检测
2008年10月October 2008	BC₄F₁	海南三亚	农艺性状、油分检测、标记辅助检测
2009年6月June 2009	BC₅F₁	济南章丘	农艺性状、油分检测、标记辅助检测
2009年10月October 2009	BC₅F₂	海南三亚	农艺性状、油分检测、标记辅助检测

标记 Marker	位置 Position	与QTL距离(cM) Distance from QTL	QTL	适用亲本Applicable parent
bnlg1884	bin1.06	13.4	qHO1	lx9801, lx03-2
umc1979	bin6.04	0.5	qHO6	lx9801, lx03-2
umc2112	bin1.02	21.0	qHO1	lx00-1
umc1656	bin6.02	17.8	qHO6	lx00-1

标记 Marker	序列 Sequence	PCR反应程序 PCR reaction procedure	产物大小(bp) Product size
bnlg1884	F：TTCGGATGCATGTGTAACGT R：CGGAAGTCCCATCTGTTTGT	94℃ 5min;94℃ 30s,58℃ 30s,72℃ 50s,30个循环;72℃ 10min	188
umc1979	F：AATTTCGGGAAACAGGCCAT R：GAGTCCCCGAAACTGAACACC	94℃ 5min;94℃ 30s,58℃ 30s,72℃ 50s,30个循环;72℃ 10min	140
umc2112	F：AGCTCTACCAAACACGAGCTTCAT R：CAAATGCAGAAAGATAACGCGAAT	94℃ 5min;94℃ 30s,56℃ 30s,72℃ 50s,30个循环;72℃ 10min	133
umc1656	F：AGTTTTGACCGCGCAAAAGTTA R：GTACGAGCAGGCCATTAACCC	94℃ 5min;94℃ 30s,56℃ 30s,72℃ 50s,30个循环;72℃ 10min	135

世代 Generation	lx9801			lx03-2			lx00-1
世代 Generation	播种粒数/穗 Seeding number/ear	回交穗数 Backcross ear number	果穗入选率(%) Ear selection rate	播种粒数/穗 Seeding number/ear	回交穗数 Backcross ear number	果穗入选率(%) Ear selection rate	播种粒数/穗 Seeding number/ear	回交穗数 Backcross ear number	果穗入选率(%) Ear selection rate
BC₁F₁	290/10^*	280^**	-	215/10	201	-	415/10	264	-
BC₂F₁	160/14	151	5.00^***	160/17	152	8.45	220/12	218	4.54
BC₃F₁	370/20	290	13.24	380/20	310	13.16	487/20	350	9.17
BC₄F₁	380/20	300	6.89	281/20	200	6.46	460/20	420	5.71
BC₅F₁	507/28	450	9.33	800/36	560	18.00	373/25	340	5.95
合计Total	1 707/92	1 471	8.62	1 416/103	1 423	11.52	1 955/87	1 592	6.34

材料 Material	lx9801改良系 lx9801 improved line		lx03-2改良系 lx03-2 improved line		lx00-1改良系 lx00-1 improved line
材料 Material	qHO1	qHO6	qHO1	qHO6	qHO1	qHO6
BC₁F₁	4.16±0.36	4.19±0.23	4.70±0.68	4.85±0.43	4.77±0.63	4.81±0.35
BC₂F₁	3.47±0.28	3.61±0.32	3.80±0.63	4.01±0.36	4.05±0.64	4.24±0.48
BC₃F₁	2.81±0.44	3.05±0.54	2.77±0.44	3.04±0.50	3.98±0.44	3.96±0.46
BC₄F₁	2.87±0.37	2.76±0.37	3.54±0.53	3.41±0.47	3.66±0.57	3.99±0.53
BC₅F₁	3.08±0.31	3.10±0.35	2.96±0.32	3.01±0.38	3.26±0.35	3.48±0.41
BC₅F₂	3.20±0.37	3.11±0.41	3.28±0.50	3.58±0.50	3.58±0.40	3.70±0.40