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作物杂志,2025, 第1期: 133–138 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.01.016

• 生理生化·植物营养·栽培耕作 • 上一篇    下一篇

成熟期蔗叶离区细胞结构特点及PG含量变化分析

欧克纬(), 卢业飞, 农泽梅, 朱鹏锦, 庞新华, 宋奇琦, 吕平()   

  1. 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所，530001，广西南宁
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-10 修回日期:2023-10-30 出版日期:2025-02-15 发布日期:2025-02-12
  • 通讯作者: 吕平，主要从事甘蔗遗传育种研究，E-mail：plvgx@126.com
  • 作者简介:欧克纬，主要从事作物遗传育种及栽培研究，E-mail：707008920@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    广西自然科学基金(2023GXNSFAA026327);广西农科院科技发展基金项目(桂农科2022JM93);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项项目(桂农科2023YM10);广西科技计划项目(桂科AA22117002-6);广西科技计划项目(桂科AA22117002-7)

Analysis of Cell Structure Characteristics and Polygalacturonase Content Changes in Sugarcane Leaves Abscission Zone at Maturity Stage

Ou Kewei(), Lu Yefei, Nong Zemei, Zhu Pengjin, Pang Xinhua, Song Qiqi, Lü Ping()   

  1. Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Nanning 530001, Guangxi, China
  • Received:2023-05-10 Revised:2023-10-30 Online:2025-02-15 Published:2025-02-12

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摘要：

为筛选脱叶性强的甘蔗优良品种（系），以脱叶性存在差异的3个甘蔗品种（系）的不同叶位叶片为材料，观察蔗叶离区细胞的结构，并测定蔗叶、叶鞘中部、叶鞘基部的多聚半乳糖醛酸酶（PG）含量。结果表明，易脱叶甘蔗的离区组织细胞分解程度最高；3个成熟时期易脱叶甘蔗的+5叶鞘基部、+8叶鞘基部的PG含量均显著高于难脱叶甘蔗。甘蔗成熟早期+8叶鞘基部的PG含量与对应叶位离区细胞的裂解程度呈正相关；灰色关联度分析结果显示，+8叶片、+5叶鞘中部以及+8叶鞘基部中PG的含量与蔗叶的自然脱叶率关联度较大，结合各个时期PG含量，测定成熟早期+8叶鞘基部的PG含量可为筛选脱叶性状优良的甘蔗品种提供参考。

关键词: 甘蔗, 脱叶率, 离区, 多聚半乳糖醛酸酶

Abstract:

In order to screen excellent sugarcane varieties with strong defoliation, the leaves at different positions of three sugarcane varieties (lines) with different defoliation were used as materials to observe the structure of detached cells of sugarcane leaves and determine the polygalacturoncase (PG) content in sugarcane leaves, middle leaf sheath and basal leaf sheath. The results showed that the decomposition degree of leaf sheath abscission tissue cells was the highest in easily defoliated sugarcane. The PG content in the basal part of +5 leaf sheath and +8 leaf sheath of easy-defoliation sugarcane were significantly higher than that of hard-defoliation sugarcane at three different mature stages. The PG content in the basal part of +8 leaf sheath at the early maturity stage of sugarcane was positively correlated with the cleavage degree of the cells in the corresponding leaf abscission zone. The results of grey correlation analysis showed that the content of PG in the +8 leaf, the middle of the +5 leaf sheath and the base of the +8 leaf sheath had a great correlation with the natural defoliation rate of sugarcane leaves. Combined with the measured PG content in each period, the PG content in the base of the +8 leaf sheath at the early maturity can provide reference for screening of sugarcane varieties with good defoliation traits.

Key words: Sugarcane, Defoliation rate, Abscission zone, Polygalacturonase

表1

3个甘蔗品种（系）的自然脱叶率表现

品种（系）
Variety (line)		 脱叶率Defoliation rate
成熟早期Early mature stage 成熟中期Mid-mature stage 成熟后期Late mature stage
ROC22 8.98±0.02Bb 15.10±0.02Bb 33.24±0.03Bb
GT47 0.00±0.00Bb 0.00±0.00Cc 5.01±0.04Cc
LZ02-169 49.49±0.05Aa 58.67±0.03Aa 69.20±0.26Aa

图1

LZ02-169、ROC22和GT47的离区细胞形态 箭头标注为离区。

图2

成熟期不同甘蔗品种（系）多聚半乳糖醛酸酶含量的比较 (a)：成熟早期；(b)：成熟中期；(c)：成熟后期。不同小写字母表示差异达5%的显著水平，不同大写字母表示差异达1%的显著水平。

表2

自然脱叶率与各部位PG含量之间的关联度

因子Factor 关联系数Correlation coefficient 排序Ranking
叶片（+8）Leaf (+8) 0.3833 1
叶鞘中部（+5）Leaf sheath central (+5) 0.3802 2
叶鞘基部（+8）Leaf sheath base (+8) 0.3577 3
叶鞘基部（+5）Leaf sheath base (+5) 0.3248 4
叶鞘基部（+2）Leaf sheath base (+2) 0.2998 5
叶片（+2）Leaf (+2) 0.2936 6
叶鞘中部（+8）Leaf sheath central (+8) 0.2881 7
叶鞘中部（+2）Leaf sheath central (+2) 0.2880 8
叶片（+5）Leaf (+5) 0.2520 9
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