不同光质对马铃薯腋芽薯结薯特性及光合性能的影响

doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2019.06.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

将“延薯4号”单叶节茎段转入白光、红光、蓝光、红蓝光（4:1）下,测定了腋芽薯结薯特性、蔗糖和淀粉含量及光合性能等指标。结果表明,蓝光处理腋芽薯形成最早,单薯重和结薯率最高;在腋芽薯形成过程中,叶片蔗糖含量、干物质含量、叶绿素a（Chla）、叶绿素b（Chlb）、净光合速率（P_n）、相对电子传递速率（ETR）、光化学猝灭系数（q_P）、实际量子产量（Y_PSⅡ）显著高于其他光质处理;红光处理叶片的蒸腾速率（T_r）、胞间二氧化碳浓度（C_i）、气孔导度（G_s）显著高于其他光质处理,蓝光处理最低;相同扦插时间叶片的潜在最大光能利用率（F_v/F_m）在不同光质处理间无显著性差异。基于上述结果,蓝光为诱导马铃薯单叶节茎段腋芽薯的理想人工光源。

关键词: 马铃薯, 单叶节茎段, 腋芽薯, 光质, 光合性能

Abstract:

The stem segments of single leaf in Yanshu No.4 were transferred into white light, red light, blue light and red-blue light (4:1). The potato-bearing characteristics, the contents of sucrose and starch, and photosynthetic characteristics of axillary bud potato were determined. The results showed that, for the blue light treatment compared with the other light group, the initiation time of tuber formation was earlier, the average weight of tuber was the highest, and the contents of dry matter and sucrose reached the maximum. Of all the treatments, the contents of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, net photosynthetic rate (P_n), actual quantum yield (Y_PSⅡ), electron transport rate (ETR), photochemical quenching coefficient (q_P) were the greatest in leaves under the blue light treatment. Under the red light treatment, transpiration rate (T_r), intercellular CO₂ concentration (C_i) and stomatal conductance (G_s) were significantly higher than those of other treatments. There was no significance in the photochemical efficiency (F_v/F_m) among all of different light treatments at same culture time. Therefore, blue light is the most suitable artificial light source for inducing potato sessile-tuber formation.

Key words: Potato, Single node stem, Axillary bud potato, Light quality, Photosynthetic characteristics

郭津廷,滕跃,高玉亮,张雁,李葵花. 不同光质对马铃薯腋芽薯结薯特性及光合性能的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2019 (6): 120–126

Guo Jinting,Teng Yue,Gao Yuliang,Zhang Yan,Li Kuihua. Effects of Different Light Quality on Characteristics of Sessile-Tuberization and Photosynthetic Performance with Single Node Stems in Potato[J]. Crops, 2019(6): 120–126

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光质 Light quality	结薯始期(d) Initial days of tuber induction	平均薯重(g) Average tuber weight	结薯率(%) Percent tuberization
红光Red light	5.37±0.45ab	0.148±0.01c	61.2±1.86d
蓝光Blue light	3.50±0.30c	0.383±0.02a	93.3±2.72a
红蓝光Red-blue light	4.90±0.20b	0.247±0.03b	75.0±2.23b
白光White light	5.77±0.35a	0.237±0.02b	70.6±2.49c

扦插后培养天数 Days after cutting (d)	光质 Light quality	叶绿素a (mg/gFM) Chlorophyll a	叶绿素b (mg/gFM) Chlorophyll b	叶绿素a/b Chlorophyll a/b	类胡萝卜素(mg/gFM) Carotenoid
1	红光Red light	2.001±0.086c	0.754±0.009c	2.655±0.084a	0.261±0.002b
	蓝光Blue light	2.335±0.049a	0.911±0.016a	2.566±0.020a	0.278±0.009a
	红蓝光Red-blue light	2.176±0.032b	0.838±0.012b	2.596±0.075a	0.268±0.007ab
	白光White light	2.161±0.050b	0.853±0.024b	2.534±0.101a	0.266±0.001b
3	红光Red light	1.969±0.121b	0.725±0.009c	2.715±0.138a	0.259±0.006b
	蓝光Blue light	2.242±0.048a	0.879±0.018a	2.634±0.071a	0.291±0.009a
	红蓝光Red-blue light	1.993±0.080b	0.752±0.011c	2.652±0.134a	0.277±0.015ab
	白光White light	2.086±0.062ab	0.796±0.011b	2.623±0.108a	0.256±0.014b
4	红光Red light	1.944±0.157b	0.729±0.012c	2.666±0.197a	0.271±0.004b
	蓝光Blue light	2.271±0.109a	0.846±0.012a	2.685±0.161a	0.289±0.006a
	红蓝光Red-blue light	1.907±0.079b	0.743±0.009c	2.567±0.086a	0.269±0.007b
	白光White light	2.101±0.059ab	0.799±0.007b	2.629±0.097a	0.253±0.011c
5	红光Red light	1.739±0.090b	0.687±0.011c	2.503±0.100a	0.271±0.007a
	蓝光Blue light	2.028±0.111a	0.768±0.006a	2.597±0.073a	0.284±0.009a
	红蓝光Red-blue light	1.725±0.055b	0.713±0.016b	2.512±0.113a	0.266±0.006a
	白光White light	1.799±0.086ab	0.750±0.003a	2.446±0.045a	0.269±0.015a
10	红光Red light	1.702±0.065b	0.633±0.011c	2.592±0.071a	0.271±0.016a
	蓝光Blue light	1.955±0.057a	0.755±0.011a	2.591±0.105a	0.285±0.008a
	红蓝光Red-blue light	1.663±0.082b	0.668±0.014b	2.494±0.176a	0.262±0.017a
	白光White light	1.837±0.071a	0.713±0.004b	2.576±0.086a	0.267±0.009a

扦插天数Days after cutting (d)	光质 Light quality	P_n[μmol/(m·s)]	T_r[mmol/(mol·s)]	C_i (μmol/mol)	G_s[mmol/(m²·s)]
1	红光Red light	-1.002±0.095a	0.257±0.021a	518.501±9.226b	10.777±0.484a
	蓝光Blue light	-0.721±0.021a	0.137±0.012c	491.233±4.598c	06.223±0.179d
	红蓝光Red-blue light	-1.087±0.105a	0.161±0.011c	506.367±4.474b	08.651±0.187b
	白光White light	-0.851±0.031a	0.202±0.013b	497.567±5.129bc	07.517±0.161c
3	红光Red light	-1.342±0.091d	0.233±0.006a	454.253±11.541a	12.353±0.880a
	蓝光Blue light	-0.501±0.031a	0.147±0.006c	357.813±3.179d	08.033±0.192d
	红蓝光Red-blue light	-1.181±0.056c	0.173±0.015b	419.693±7.207b	10.453±0.330b
	白光White light	-0.779±0.057b	0.223±0.015a	399.297±9.152c	09.487±0.292c
4	红光Red light	-0.051±0.004d	0.250±0.017a	399.733±4.043a	11.101±0.794a
	蓝光Blue light	-0.627±0.068a	0.150±0.010b	280.617±1.530d	06.491±0.226d
	红蓝光Red-blue light	-0.243±0.041c	0.177±0.006b	376.867±10.735b	09.463±0.295b
	白光White light	-0.353±0.012b	0.241±0.020a	318.860±4.855c	08.293±0.203c
5	红光Red light	-0.707±0.076c	0.357±0.032a	323.017±9.147a	17.741±0.118a
	蓝光Blue light	-1.696±0.077a	0.313±0.015a	219.677±8.074d	14.457±0.201c
	红蓝光Red-blue light	-1.370±0.035b	0.330±0.010a	295.333±7.234b	17.393±1.026ab
	白光White light	-1.581±0.054a	0.340±0.036a	275.025±5.001c	15.811±1.484bc
10	红光Red light	-0.493±0.035b	0.147±0.012b	529.117±4.664a	10.643±0.405a
	蓝光Blue light	-1.341±0.013a	0.113±0.006c	336.627±6.916d	05.491±0.052d
	红蓝光Red-blue light	-0.643±0.293b	0.173±0.015b	487.407±3.137b	08.551±0.633b
	白光White light	-1.097±0.062a	0.225±0.027a	449.313±14.351c	07.490±0.205c

扦插天数Days after cutting (d)	光质Light quality	F_v/F_m	Y_PSⅡ	ETR	q_P
1	红光Red light	0.789±0.003a	0.046±0.003a	16.567±0.351c	0.045±0.005c
	蓝光Blue light	0.779±0.002a	0.051±0.003a	26.201±1.253a	0.103±0.012a
	红蓝光Red-blue light	0.785±0.005a	0.045±0.005a	22.733±0.851b	0.075±0.003b
	白光White light	0.779±0.008a	0.035±0.004b	24.001±0.265b	0.071±0.003b
3	红光Red light	0.787±0.006a	0.035±0.005c	12.833±0.737d	0.055±0.005d
	蓝光Blue light	0.780±0.020a	0.058±0.003a	26.933±0.702a	0.106±0.005a
	红蓝光Red-blue light	0.775±0.009a	0.035±0.005c	18.533±0.569c	0.068±0.003c
	白光White light	0.777±0.006a	0.052±0.002b	23.767±0.723b	0.084±0.004b
4	红光Red light	0.774±0.023a	0.187±0.006c	14.433±0.208d	0.352±0.008d
	蓝光Blue light	0.782±0.008a	0.351±0.031a	23.933±0.288a	0.551±0.019a
	红蓝光Red-blue light	0.773±0.011a	0.183±0.012c	16.233±1.059c	0.436±0.002c
	白光White light	0.781±0.011a	0.284±0.011b	21.201±1.201b	0.491±0.005b
5	红光Red light	0.787±0.002a	0.196±0.005c	17.333±0.551c	0.316±0.006c
	蓝光Blue light	0.777±0.003a	0.306±0.004a	23.267±1.011a	0.453±0.016a
	红蓝光Red-blue light	0.777±0.003a	0.203±0.006c	21.201±1.389b	0.401±0.010b
	白光White light	0.776±0.004a	0.252±0.003b	22.433±0.208ab	0.417±0.011b
10	红光Red light	0.790±0.004a	0.167±0.002c	13.967±0.832c	0.248±0.022c
	蓝光Blue light	0.773±0.006a	0.251±0.008a	22.567±1.059a	0.438±0.005a
	红蓝光Red-blue light	0.781±0.018a	0.165±0.007c	17.733±1.258b	0.362±0.014b
	白光White light	0.779±0.004a	0.222±0.015b	20.933±0.681a	0.418±0.006a