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作物杂志,2025, 第3期: 249–254 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.03.034

• 种子科技 • 上一篇    下一篇

抗白粉病小麦新品种宁春66号选育及栽培技术

樊明1(), 李红霞1, 王轲2, 唐华丽2, 杨乐1, 李前荣1, 叶兴国2(), 张双喜1()   

  1. 1宁夏农林科学院农作物研究所，750002，宁夏银川
    2中国农业科学院作物科学研究所，100081，北京
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-26 修回日期:2024-09-25 出版日期:2025-06-15 发布日期:2025-06-03
  • 通讯作者: 张双喜，研究方向为小麦遗传育种，E-mail：shxzhang@163.com；叶兴国为共同通信作者，研究方向为小麦生物技术育种，E-mail：yexingguo@caas.cn
  • 作者简介:樊明，主要从事小麦高产栽培及新品种选育研究，E-mail：fm45@sina.com
  • 基金资助:
    宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2019BBF02020);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2022BBF02039);宁夏农业高质量发展和生态保护科技创新示范项目(NGSB-2021-13);宁夏青年拨尖人才培养项目

Breeding and Cultivation Techniques of a New Wheat Variety Ningchun 66 with Powdery Mildew Resistance

Fan Ming1(), Li Hongxia1, Wang Ke2, Tang Huali2, Yang Le1, Li Qianrong1, Ye Xingguo2(), Zhang Shuangxi1()   

  1. 1Institute of Crop Sciences, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia,China
    2Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2024-08-26 Revised:2024-09-25 Online:2025-06-15 Published:2025-06-03

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摘要：

宁春66号是宁夏农林科学院农作物研究所和中国农业科学院作物科学研究所共同选育的春小麦新品种，该品种以宁春50号为母本与含有簇毛麦中高抗白粉病基因Pm21的春小麦品系CB037为父本进行杂交，选择含有Pm21基因或表现白粉病抗性且农艺性状优良的目标单株与宁春50号回交5次，对稳定自交后代进行白粉病抗性鉴定、分子标记辅助选择和基因组原位杂交（GISH）等，经系统选育获得了含有Pm21基因且田间表现高抗白粉病、农艺性状优良的新品系NZ42，然后进行多年多点产量评价，于2022年9月通过宁夏回族自治区农作物品种审定委员会审定，命名为宁春66号。该品种具有高产、优质、广适和高抗白粉病等特点，且适合轻简化栽培。

关键词: 春小麦, 分子标记辅助选择, 白粉病, 回交选育, 宁春66号

Abstract:

Ningchun 66 is a new spring wheat variety developed by the Institute of Crop Sciences of Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences and the Institute of Crop Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences in collaboration. In its breeding program, a spring wheat variety Ningchun 50 was used as the female parent to be crossed with a spring wheat line CB037 containing the powdery mildew resistance gene Pm21 from Haynaldia villosa, and the hybrid plants harboring Pm21 or showing powdery mildew resistance and displaying good agronomic traits were backcrossed with Ningchun 50 for five times. The identification of powdery mildew resistance, molecular marker-assisted selection and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) of stable self-crossing offsprings, an excellent line NZ42 with Pm21 gene, high resistance to powdery mildew, and excellent agronomic traits in the field conditions were systematically bred via pedigree method and evaluated for yield performance in different years and different regions, which was approved and named as Ningchun 66 in 2022 September by the Crop Examination Committee of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. This variety features high yield, excellent quality, wide adaptability and high resistance to powdery mildew, and is suitable for simplified cultivation.

Key words: Spring wheat, Molecular marker-assisted selection, Powdery mildew, Backcross breeding, Ningchun 66

图1

宁春66号选育过程

表1

宁春66号产量表现

试验名称
Name of trial		 年份
Year		 平均产量
Average yield (kg/hm2)		 较对照增幅
Increase over control (%)		 产量排名
Yield ranking		 增产点次
Location numbers for yield increased
预备试验Preparatory test 2018 9148.35 2.27 5 2
区域试验Regional test 2019 7672.50 0.37 8 4
2020 8884.50 1.87 8 5
生产试验Production test 2021 8407.50 2.52 5 4

表2

宁春66号区域试验产量

年份
Year		 试验地点
Test site		 宁春66号
Ningchun 66		 宁春4号（对照）
Ningchun 4 (control)		 较对照增产
Yield increase over control		 较对照增幅
Increase over control (%)
2019 中宁 7212.00 7848.00 -636.00 -8.10
吴忠 7282.50 6807.00 475.50 6.98
连湖 8253.00 8238.00 15.00 0.18
永宁 7695.00 7282.50 412.50 5.66
贺兰 7656.00 7884.00 -228.00 -2.89
平罗 7933.50 7807.50 126.00 1.61
平均 7672.50 7644.00 28.50 0.37
2020 中宁 8514.00 8725.50 -211.50 -2.42
吴忠 9910.50 9660.00 250.50 2.59
连湖 8469.00 8268.00 201.00 2.43
永宁 8208.00 8130.00 78.00 0.96
贺兰 9009.00 8658.00 351.00 4.05
平罗 9196.50 8886.00 310.50 3.49
平均 8884.50 8721.00 163.50 1.87

表3

宁春66号田间抗病性鉴定

品种
Variety		 条锈病Stripe rust 叶锈病Leaf rust 白粉病Powdery mildew
病情指数
Disease index		 侵染型
Infection type		 病情指数
Disease index		 侵染型
Infection type		 病级
Disease grade		 抗级
Resistance grade
宁春66号Ningchun 66 10 近免疫 100 高感 1 高抗
铭贤169 Mingxian 169 (CK) 80 高感 80 高感 － －
京双16 Jingshuang16 (CK) － － － － 8 高感
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