Crops ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 88-93.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2017.01.017

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Effects of Sowing Date and Seeding Density on the Yield and Quality of Buckwheat

Yang Xiushi1,Guo Zhongxian2,Guo Huimin1,Wang Hui2,Liu Sancai1   

  1. 1Institute of Crop Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China
    2High Latitude Crops Institute,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Datong 037008,Shanxi,China
  • Received:2016-10-19 Revised:2016-12-18 Online:2017-02-15 Published:2018-08-26

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Abstract:

To explore the high yield and good quality cultivation technology for buckwheat planting in Shanxi province, tartary buckwheat varieties of JinqiaoNo.6 and common buckwheat varieties of JinqiaoNo.1 were used as materials to study the influence of sowing date and seeding density on buckwheat yield, protein, starch and total flavones (TF) content in buckwheat using a field experiment with two-factor split plot design containing three sowing dates (main plots) and three seeding densities (split plots). Results showed that the yield, protein and TF content of Jinqiao No.6 were significantly influenced by sowing dates, as well as the yield and starch content of Jinqiao No.1. The yield, protein and starch content of two varieties were significantly influenced by seeding density, as well as the TF content of Jinqiao No.6. With the delay of sowing date, the yield of both varieties firstly increased and then decreased, but the content of protein and TF decreased over time. With the increasing of seeding density, the protein content of both varieties and the yield and TF content of Jinqiao No.6 all decreased, while the yield of Jinqiao No.1 increased firstly and then decreased. Under the sowing date of June 4 and seeding density of 22.5kg/hm 2, the highest yield of Jinqiao-6 was gained (3 498.60kg/hm 2). However, under the sowing date of May 28 and seeding density of 22.5kg/hm 2, the highest protein (11.94%) and TF (1.83%) content were achieved. For Jinqiao No.1, the highest yield (1 705.80kg/hm 2) was found under the sowing date of June 4 and seeding density of 45.0kg/hm 2, and the highest protein content for this variety was gained under the sowing date of May 28 and seeding density of 37.5kg/hm 2. Correlation analysis showed that the yield of Jinqiao No.6 was significantly (P<0.01) and positively correlated with its protein and starch content, while the yield of Jinqiao No.1 was significantly (P<0.01) and positively correlated with its protein content.

Key words: Tartary buckwheat, Common buckwheat, Sowing date, Seeding density, Protein, Total flavones, Starch

Table 1

Variance analysis of yield and quality indexes of Jinqiao No.6 and Jinqiao No.1 (F values)"

品种Variety 变量Variable 产量Yield 蛋白质含量Protein content 淀粉含量Starch content 总黄酮含量Total flavones content
晋荞6号Jinqiao No.6 区组 0.78 0.22 0.06 0.58
播期（T） 4.01* 7.47** 0.83 5.92**
播量（S） 5.06* 11.34** 32.27** 12.63**
T×S 10.80** 20.05** 23.88** 25.51**
晋荞1号Jinqiao No.1 区组 0.13 0.06 0.04 1.27
播期（T） 9.38** 1.94 5.28* 0.98
播量（S） 9.59** 24.10** 4.73* 1.24
T×S 24.28** 10.44** 22.05** 2.13

Table 2

Significance test of yield and quality indexes of Jinqiao No.6 among different sowing dates and seeding densities"

因素
Factor		 处理
Treatment		 产量(kg/hm2)
Yield		 蛋白质含量(%)
Protein content		 淀粉含量(%)
Starch content		 总黄酮含量(%)
Total flavones content
播期Sowing date T1 3 132.67abA 10.98aA 65.22aA 1.74aA
T2 3 225.89aA 10.51aAB 65.95aA 1.61bAB
T3 3 025.09bA 9.64bB 64.72aA 1.56bB
播量Seeding density (kg/hm2) S1 3 253.16aA 11.17aA 65.14bB 1.76aA
S2 3 078.45bAB 10.32bAB 67.44aA 1.59bB
S3 3 052.04bB 9.64cB 63.31cC 1.55bB

Table 3

Significance test of yield and quality indexes of Jinqiao No.1 among different sowing dates and seeding densities"

因素
Factor		 处理
Treatment		 产量(kg/hm2)
Yield		 蛋白质含量(%)
Protein content		 淀粉含量(%)
Starch content		 总黄酮含量(%)
Total flavones content
播期Sowing date T1 1 466.00bB 11.27aA 68.87bB 0.49aA
T2 1 594.44aA 10.94aA 71.27aAB 0.49aA
T3 1 399.91bB 10.59aA 71.66aA 0.46aA
播量Seeding density (kg/hm2) S1 1 488.16bAB 11.65aA 72.25aA 0.48aA
S2 1 585.63aA 11.01bB 70.00bA 0.50aA
S3 1 386.56cB 10.15cC 69.54bA 0.46aA

Table 4

Effects of sowing date×seeding density on the yield and quality indexes of Jinqiao No.6"

处理Treatment 产量Yield (kg/hm2) 蛋白质含量Protein content (%) 淀粉含量Starch content (%) 总黄酮含量Total flavones content (%)
T1S1 3 168.22b 11.94a 66.38bc 1.83a
T1S2 3 052.16bc 11.05b 66.74bc 1.75ab
T1S3 3 177.64b 9.96cd 62.54f 1.63c
T2S1 3 498.60a 11.30b 65.46cd 1.78a
T2S2 3 154.95b 10.40c 68.15a 1.55d
T2S3 3 024.13bc 9.83cd 64.24de 1.49d
T3S1 3 092.65bc 10.28c 63.59ef 1.68bc
T3S2 3 028.25bc 9.50de 67.43ab 1.48d
T3S3 2 954.36c 9.14e 63.15ef 1.52d

Table 5

Effects of sowing date×seeding density on the yield and quality indexes of Jinqiao No.1"

处理Treatment 产量Yield (kg/hm2) 蛋白质含量Protein content (%) 淀粉含量Starch content (%) 总黄酮含量Total flavones content (%)
T1S1 1 446.34c 11.86a 69.25c 0.51a
T1S2 1 589.28b 11.32ab 69.14c 0.49ab
T1S3 1 362.38d 10.64bc 68.22c 0.47ab
T2S1 1 578.90b 11.74a 73.89a 0.52a
T2S2 1 705.80a 10.94b 71.67b 0.48ab
T2S3 1 498.63c 10.15cd 68.25c 0.46ab
T3S1 1 439.25c 11.34ab 73.62a 0.41b
T3S2 1 461.80c 10.76bc 69.20c 0.52a
T3S3 1 298.67d 9.67d 72.15b 0.45ab

Table 6

Correlation analysis among buckwheat yield and quality indexes"

指标Index 晋荞6号Jinqiao No.6 晋荞1号Jinqiao No.1
蛋白质含量
Protein content		 淀粉含量
Starch content		 总黄酮含量
Total flavones content		 蛋白质含量
Protein content		 淀粉含量
Starch content		 总黄酮含量
Total flavones content
产量Yield 0.583** 0.858** 0.101 0.429* 0.113 0.163
蛋白质含量Protein content 0.543** 0.123 0.167 0.253
淀粉含量Starch content 0.326 -0.175
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