Crops ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 150-155.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2018.05.024

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Correlation Analysis between Aboveground Biomass Allocation and Grain Yield in Different Varieties of Foxtail Millet in the Dry Land of Loess Plateau

Wang Xiaolin,Ji Xiaoling,Zhang Panpan,Zhang Xiong,Zhang Jing   

  1. College of Life Science, Yulin University, Yulin 719000, Shaanxi, China
  • Received:2018-03-07 Revised:2018-04-12 Online:2018-10-15 Published:2018-10-12
  • Contact: Xiong Zhang

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Abstract:

The key to improving millet yield and utilization efficiency in dry land of the Loess Plateau is the efficient use of cultivar adaptability and morphological plasticity. To explore the correlation between biomass allocation and grain yield of different millet cultivars under film border mulching tillage, four major cultivars: Jingu 21 (G21), Jingu 29 (G29), Changsheng 07 (G07) and Fenxuan 03 (G03) were selected and field experiments were conducted in a semi-arid region of northern Shaanxi. Aboveground biomass, harvest index, grain yield and water use efficiency were measured and systematically analyzed. The results showed that: (1) G03 had the highest total biomass which was 9.0%, 4.9% and 74.4% higher than that of G07, G21 and G29 at harvested stage; The harvest index of G03 was significantly increased by 23.5%, 29.4% and 44.6% compared with that of G07, G21 and G29. (2) G03 showed the highest spike and stems biomass accumulation, while leaf biomass decreased significantly. Correlation analysis indicated that stem and leaf biomass revealed positive correlation but leaf and panicle biomass showed negative effect. (3) The yield of G03 was 11.4%, 27.3% and 18.1% higher than that of G07, G21 and G29. The water use efficiency of G03 was 11.0%, 33.0% and 14.2% higher than that of G07, G21 and G29. Under the drought environment, G03 was suitable for the high grain yield and better water use efficiency in a semi-arid region of China, perhaps due to its compact plant architecture and flexible leaf photosynthate transfer.

Key words: Foxtail millet, Organ biomass allocation, Harvest index, Grain yield, Water use efficiency

Table 1

The morphological difference among four foxtail millet cultivars"

品种Variety 生育期Growth period (d) 株高Plant height (cm) 单穗重Panicle weight (g) 穗粒重Grain weight per panicle (g) 出谷率Grain rate (%)
G21 130 152.0 23.8 19.7 75.0
G29 120 130.0 20.5 16.8 77.8
G03 100 130.0 19.8 16.0 80.0
G07 125 125.0 24.2 20.3 83.2

Fig.1

Dynamic changes of precipitation and temperature during millet growing period"

"

品种Variety 茎秆生物量Stem biomass 叶生物量Leaf biomass 单穗生物量Panicle biomass 地上部生物量Aboveground biomass
G03 69.5±3.11a 59.3±3.99a 29.8±1.92a 158.6±9.64a
G07 60.4±3.43a 61.2±2.86a 23.3±2.80b 144.9±15.16b
G21 63.8±2.17a 64.2±3.54a 23.2±1.75b 151.2±13.46ab
G29 36.9±0.55b 28.3±1.45b 25.6±1.33ab 90.9±2.77c

Table 3

The difference of harvest index among four millet cultivars"

品种Variety G03 G07 G21 G29
收获指数(%)
Harvest index		 29.5±3.11a 23.9±3.43b 22.8±2.17b 20.4±2.55b

Table 4

The different correlation index among stem, leaf and panicle biomass"

品种
Variety		 茎秆生物量(SB)
Stem biomass		 叶生物量(LB)
Leaf biomass		 单穗生物量(PB)
Panicle biomass
G03 SB 1
LB 0.54** 1
PB 0.33 -0.51** 1
G07 SB 1
LB 0.68** 1
PB 0.33 -0.33 1
G21 SB 1
LB 0.83** 1
PB 0.41 -0.52** 1
G29 SB 1
LB 0.53** 1
PB 0.43 -0.45* 1

Fig.2

The correlation between stem biomass and grain yield in a single plant"

Fig.3

The correlation between leaf biomass and grain yield in a single plant"

Fig.4

The correlation between single panicle biomass and grain yield"

Table 5

Grain yield and WUE of four millet cultivars"

品种Variety G03 G07 G21 G29
产量Yield (kg/hm2) 5 472.7±0.7a 4 912.5±0.8b 4 300.2±0.1b 4 632.3±1.1b
耗水量ET (mm) 452.2b 449.6b 470.5a 438.8b
WUE [kg/(mm·hm2)] 12.1±0.9a 10.9±1.0b 9.1±0.5b 10.6±0.5b
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