Crops ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 49-54.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2017.05.009

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Diversity of Agronomic and Quality Traits of Major Sorghum Hybrids in China

Yu Jizhen,Wang Rui,Zhan Pengjie,Ping Jun'ai,Zhang Fuyao   

  1. Sorghum Institute,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Sorghum Genetic Breeding and Germplasm Innovation of Shanxi Province,Jinzhong 030600,Shanxi,China
  • Received:2017-05-24 Revised:2017-07-12 Online:2017-10-15 Published:2018-08-26
  • Contact: Fuyao Zhang

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Abstract:

To study the changes of main traits of sorghum hybrids in China, we analyzed the diversity of agronomic traits such as growth period, plant height, panicle length, thousand grain weight and four major quality traits (protein, crude fat, crude starch, tannin content) of 60 major sorghum hybrids according to the sources and age since 1970s. The result showed that hybrids from different sources were significantly different in agronomic traits and quality traits. The variation of agronomic traits among different decades was significant, the variation of crude starch, tannin content of quality traits among different decades was significant, while that of protein, crude fat content of quality traits among different decades was not significant. The variation of agronomic traits was greater than the quality traits.

Key words: Sorghum, Hybrid, Agronomic traits, Quality traits

Table 1

The origin and age distribution of sorghum hybrids"

样品来源
Sample source		 1970年 1980年 1990年 2000年 2010年 总数
Total
山西Shanxi

 晋杂1号、晋杂4号、晋杂5号、晋杂7号、同杂2号 晋杂11号、晋中405、抗四
 晋杂12号、晋杂18号、晋杂15号
 晋杂101、晋杂23号、晋杂103、晋杂22号、晋杂102 晋杂104

 17
辽宁Liaoning

 -

 辽杂1号、沈杂5号、铁杂8号
 辽杂5号、辽杂10号、锦杂93
 辽杂11号、辽杂19号、辽杂21号、辽杂27号、锦杂100 锦杂106

 12
内蒙古
Inner Mongolia		 -
 赤杂851、敖杂1号、赤育7 赤杂5号、敖杂2号、赤杂7号 赤杂16、赤杂24号
 赤杂28号、赤杂29号、赤杂101 11
吉林Jilin

 吉杂52

 -

 四杂4 号、四杂25、吉杂76
 吉杂90、吉杂99、吉杂118、吉杂123、吉杂124 吉杂127

 10
黑龙江Heilongjiang

 -

 -

 龙杂5号

 龙杂9号、龙杂10号、龙杂11、龙杂12号 林杂3号、龙杂16、龙杂17号、绥杂7号、绥杂8号 10
总数Total 6 9 13 21 11 60

Table 2

The general characteristics of agronomic and quality traits of hybrids"

性状指标Traits 平均值±标准差Mean±SD 变幅Variation 变异系数CV(%)
生育期Reproductive period (d) 121±9 100~137 7.68
株高Plant height (cm) 163.9±27.9 95~250 17.03
穗长Ear length (cm) 26.0±3.2 20~37 12.30
千粒重1000-grain weight (g) 28.8±3.5 20.8~34.8 12.20
蛋白质含量Protein content (%) 11.23±0.35 9.97~12.10 3.15
粗脂肪含量Crude fat content (%) 3.78±0.21 3.05~4.25 5.68
粗淀粉含量Coarse starch content (%) 73.7±0.8 72.0~76.3 1.15
单宁含量Tannin content (%) 1.03±0.38 0.20~1.81 36.84

Table 3

Correlation analysis of agronomic and quality characters of sorghum hybrids"

生育期
Reproductive
period		 株高
Plant
height		 穗长
Ear
length		 千粒重
1000-grain weight		 蛋白质含量
Protein content		 粗脂肪含量
Crude fat content		 粗淀粉含量
Coarse starch content		 单宁含量
Tannin content
生育期Reproductive period 1 0.48** 0.54** 0.64** -0.08 -0.32** 0.25 0.09
株高Plant height 1 0.21 0.36** -0.04 0.06 0.14 0.12
穗长Ear length 1 0.23 -0.30* -0.40** 0.41** 0.19
千粒重1000-grain weight 1 0.06 -0.29* 0.11 -0.03
蛋白质含量Protein content 1 0.55** -0.55** -0.17
粗脂肪含量Crude fat cntent 1 -0.55** -0.05
粗淀粉含量Coarse starch content 1 0.2
单宁含量Tannin content 1

Table 4

Differences in agronomic traits of sorghum hybrids in different provinces"

省份Provice 材料份数
(个)
No. of materials		 生育期(d)
Reproductive period		 株高(cm)
Plant heigh		 穗长(cm)
Ear length		 千粒重(g)
1000-grain weight
最小值
Min		 最大值
Max		 平均值
Mean		 最小值
Min		 最大值
Max		 平均值
Mean		 最小值
Min		 最大值
Max		 平均值
Mean		 最小值
Min		 最大值
Max		 平均值
Mean
山西Shanxi 17 114 137 125ab 135 210 166.9a 20 37 25.6b 24.3 34.8 31.6a
辽宁Liaoning 12 120 137 130a 160 200 179.9a 25 30 29.2a 28.6 34.6 31.4a
内蒙古Inner Mongolia 11 108 119 114cd 145 210 177.9a 20 28 24.3b 20.8 31.1 26.7b
吉林Jilin 10 117 124 120bc 145 250 166.9a 23 35 26.8ab 26.1 28.9 27.8b
黑龙江Heilongjiang 10 100 135 111d 95 150 121.3b 21 28 24.8b 21.3 28.4 24.6c

Table 5

Differences in quality traits of sorghum hybrids in different provinces %"

省份Provice 材料份数
(个)
No. of
materials		 蛋白质含量
Protein content		 粗脂肪含量
Crude fat content		 粗淀粉含量
Coarse starch content		 单宁含量
Tannin content
最小值
Min		 最大值
Max		 平均值
Mean		 最小值
Min		 最大值
Max		 平均值
Mean		 最小值
Min		 最大值
Max		 平均值
Mean		 最小值
Min		 最大值
Max		 平均值
Mean
山西 Shanxi 17 9.97 12.00 11.15b 3.05 4.06 3.67b 72.3 75.8 74.1a 0.47 1.66 1.15a
辽宁 Liaoning 12 11.00 11.80 11.43a 3.40 4.25 3.80ab 72.2 74.5 73.4ab 0.20 1.81 0.83b
内蒙古Inner Mongolia 11 10.47 11.47 11.13b 3.64 4.20 3.94a 73.3 74.6 74.0a 0.30 1.57 1.05ab
吉林 Jilin 10 10.70 12.10 11.24ab 3.44 4.11 3.76b 72.0 76.3 73.9ab 1.00 1.40 1.18a
黑龙江Heilongjiang 10 10.70 11.40 11.21ab 3.54 4.02 3.81ab 72.3 73.8 73.2b 0.51 1.07 0.89ab

Table 6

Differences in agronomic traits of sorghum hybrids in different years"

年份(年)
Years		 材料份数(个)
No. of materials		 生育期(d)
Reproductive period		 株高(cm)
Plant height		 穗长(cm)
Ear length		 千粒重(g)
1000-grain weight
最小值
Min		 最大值
Max		 平均值
Mean		 最小值
Min		 最大值
Max		 平均值
Mean		 最小值
Min		 最大值
Max		 平均值
Mean		 最小值
Min		 最大值
Max		 平均值
Mean
1970 6 114 127 119a 135 180 157.2ab 20 27 23.0b 24.3 34.4 30.8a
1980 9 110 131 124a 150 200 180.8a 20 30 24.4ab 24.8 33.8 29.7a
1990 13 108 135 121a 135 250 178.7a 23 30 26.2a 21.6 34.8 29.3a
2000 21 111 137 124a 120 200 159.7ab 23 35 27.1a 21.3 34.3 28.8ab
2010 11 100 137 115b 95 120 144.5b 21 37 26.1a 20.8 31.6 26.5b

Table 7

Differences in quality traits of sorghum hybrids in different years %"

年份
(年)
Years		 材料份数
(个)
No. of
materials		 蛋白质含量
Protein content		 粗脂肪含量
Crude fat content		 粗淀粉含量
Coarse starch content		 单宁含量
Tannin content
最小值
Min		 最大值
Max		 平均值
Mean		 最小值
Min		 最大值
Max		 平均值
Mean		 最小值
Min		 最大值
Max		 平均值
Mean		 最小值
Min		 最大值
Max		 平均值
Mean
1970 6 10.77 11.57 11.11a 3.74 3.77 3.76a 72.3 74.1 73.4ab 0.47 1.05 0.83b
1980 9 11.10 11.57 11.26a 3.68 4.14 3.88a 72.7 74.0 73.5ab 0.24 1.35 0.89ab
1990 13 10.47 12.10 11.35a 3.63 4.25 3.83a 72.0 74.3 73.3b 0.25 1.81 1.05ab
2000 21 10.60 12.00 11.22a 3.40 4.16 3.75a 72.2 76.3 74.2a 0.20 1.66 1.17a
2010 11 9.97 11.47 11.15a 3.05 4.20 3.74a 72.7 75.7 73.8ab 0.30 1.40 0.93ab
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