Crops ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 160-167.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.01.022

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Effects of Potato Leaf Type and Planting Density on Yield Components

Duan Huimin1(), Lu Xiao1(), Zhou Xiaojie1, Li Gaofeng2, Wen Guohong2, Wang Yuping1, Cheng Lixiang1, Zhang Feng1()   

  1. 1Agronomy College, Gansu Agricultural University/Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science/Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement & Germplasm Enhancement, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
    2Institute of Potato, Gansu Acadamy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
  • Received:2020-04-06 Revised:2020-04-30 Online:2021-02-15 Published:2021-02-23
  • Contact: Zhang Feng E-mail:1273475789@qq.com;827983642@qq.com;zhangf@gsau.edu.cn

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Abstract:

The optimum planting density is not only beneficial to the field management of potato varieties with different leaf types, but also beneficial to the optimum yield components. In order to obtain the optimal planting density of potato varieties with different leaf types, the relationship between leaf type and planting density was studied. Two typical middle-late erect type potato varieties, Atlantic (uprush-leaf) and Gannongshu 7 (spreading-leaf) were used as materials. Five plant spacing (30, 25, 20, 15 and 10cm) and fixed row spacing (70cm) were set in the experiment. The indexes of plant architecture traits, fluorescence parameters and yield components of two varieties were investigated. In addition, the correlations between plant architecture traits and the yield components under different plant spacings were determined and analyzed. The field experiment showed that, with the increasing of plant spacing, the plant height, plant internode length, leaf bend degree, leaf area index, and the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ (Fv/Fm) increased, while the stem diameter, leaf drooping angle, leaf angle, and the actual photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ (ΦPSⅡ) decreased. Compared with Atlantic, the leaf bend degree of Gannongshu 7 increased significantly. Within the specific plant spacing ranging from 15 to 30cm, increasing plant spacing could significantly increase the yield per plant, tuber number per plant and plot yield. These results indicated that the optimal planting spacing was 25 and 20cm for spreading-leaf variety (Gannongshu 7) and uprush-leaf type variety (Atlantic), respectively, which had the reasonable canopy structure, the higher commodity rate and plot yield.

Key words: Potato, Plant traits, Leaf type, Plant spacing, Yield component

Fig.1

The plant height, stem diameter and internode length of two potato varieties with different leaf types under different plant spacings Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference at 0.05 level among different plant spacings. The same below"

Fig.2

The drooping angles and bend degrees of two potato varieties with different leaf types under different plant spacings"

Fig.3

The leaf angles and leaf area indexes of two potato varieties with different leaf types under different plant spacings"

Fig.4

The fluorescence induction kinetic parameters of two potato varieties with different leaf types under different plant spacings"

Fig.5

The tuber number per plant, yield per plant, plot yield, marketable yield and commodity tuber rate of two potato varieties with different leaf types under different plant spacings"

Table 1

The correlation between plant traits and yield components of potato variety (Atlantic) with uprush-leaf type"

性状
Characteristic		 株高
Plant height
(cm)		 茎粗
Stem diameter (mm)		 节间距
Internodes length
(cm)		 垂角
Drooping angle
(°)		 披垂度
Bend degree
(°)		 叶夹角
Leaf angle
(°)		 叶面积指数
Leaf area
index
单株结薯数Tuber number per plant -0.868* -0.595 -0.433 -0.306 -0.369 -0.637 -0.525
单株产量Yield per plant (kg) -0.971** -0.749 -0.554 -0.463 -0.437 -0.786 -0.721
小区产量Plot yield (kg) -0.972** -0.866* -0.633* -0.641 -0.481 -0.892* -0.833*
商品薯产量Marketable yield (kg) -0.537 -0.708 -0.462 -0.712* -0.335 -0.705 -0.574
商品薯率Commodity tuber rate (%) -0.877* -0.607 -0.522 -0.310 -0.440 -0.643 -0.654

Table 2

The correlation between plant traits and yield component on potato variety (Gannongshu 7) with spreading-leaf type"

性状
Characteristic		 株高
Plant height
(cm)		 茎粗
Stem diameter (mm)		 节间距
Internodes length
(cm)		 垂角
Drooping angle
(°)		 披垂度
Bend degree
(°)		 叶夹角
Leaf angle
(°)		 叶面积指数
Leaf area
index
单株结薯数Tuber number per plant -0.715 -0.545 -0.365 -0.624 -0.208 -0.538 -0.695
单株产量Yield per plant (kg) -0.456 -0.231 0.005 -0.295 -0.082 -0.287 -0.632
小区产量Plot yield (kg) -0.879* -0.893* 0.807 -0.846* -0.674 -0.845* -0.735
商品薯产量Marketable yield (kg) -0.992** -0.951* 0.795 -0.928* -0.514 -0.960** -0.890*
商品薯率Commodity tuber rate (%) -0.494 -0.664 0.767 -0.590 -0.720 -0.559 -0.205
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