Crops ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 123-129.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.04.019

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Optimal Specification of Tobacco Seedling Tray for Small Seedling Transplanting under Plastic Film

Zhang Jiuquan1(), Yu Xiangwen2, Ling Aifen3, Wang Yong3, Li Leilei1, Dong Jianxin1   

  1. 1Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China
    2Sichuan Provincial Tobacco Sciences Institute, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
    3Liangshan Tobacco Company of Sichuan Province, Xichang 615000, Sichuan, China
  • Received:2020-08-12 Revised:2020-08-26 Online:2021-08-15 Published:2021-08-13

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Abstract:

A comparative study on various specifications of seedling trays for small seedling transplanting under plastic film was carried out in the Liangshan tobacco region to identify some key factors of tobacco seedling trays for cost-saving and producing proper seedlings. Six specifications of trays (modified 160, 209, 286, 338, 504, and 595 holes) were selected to test with a regular tray (160 holes) as CK. The results showed that emergence rate and tray depth, root dry weight, plant dry weight, stem and leaf dry weight, seedling cost and hole area whose determine coefficient (R2) were 0.63, 0.92, 0.89, 0.92 and 0.89, respectively. The indexes of seedling depth, root dry weight, stem and leaf dry weight, plant dry weight and seedling cost were linearly related to hole area, the correlation coefficient (r2) were -0.79, 0.96, 0.95, 0.96, 0.94. Emergence rate, seedling height compliance rate, stem height compliance rate, leaf number compliance rate, strong seedling rate showed linear correlation with tray depth, r2 were 0.79, -0.42, -0.51, -0.52, -0.49 (P<0.05). In consideration, hole area, plant density and tray depth were the key indexes to select seedling tray. According to the test results and the regression equation, it was recommended that tray depth was 4.0-5.0cm, hole area was 6-10cm2, plant density was 120-160 plants/m2. The recommended seedling trays were 286 and 338 holes.

Key words: Flue-cured tobacco, Transplanting tobacco seedling under plastic film, Seedling tray specification

Table 1

Specification of seedling trays"

育苗盘规格（孔）
Specification of seedling tray (hole)		 盘宽
Tray
width
(cm)		 盘长
Tray
length
(cm)		 盘深
Tray
depth
(cm)		 孔穴面积
Hole area
(cm2)		 烟苗密度
(株/cm2)
Plant density
(plant/cm2)
160(CK) 33.3 52.3 6.0 10.88 92
改良160
Improved 160		 33.3 52.3 3.0 10.88 92
209 33.3 52.3 3.0 8.33 120
286 33.3 64.7 4.8 6.09 164
338 33.3 64.7 4.8 6.37 157
504 33.3 48.3 3.4 3.00 313
595 33.3 65.7 3.8 3.68 272

Fig.1

Emergency rate for each specification of seedling trays The different letters indicate 5% significant level among various treatments, the same below"

Table 2

Pearson correlation analysis of specification of seedling tray and different seedling indexes of flue-cured tobacco"

指标Index 盘长Tray length 盘深Tray depth 穴面积Hole area 烟苗密度Plant density
出苗率Emergence rate 0.07(0.7597) 0.79(<0.0001) -0.10(0.6814) -0.06(0.8113)
苗高Seedling height 0.23(0.3260) -0.30(0.1797) -0.38(0.0859) 0.26(0.2557)
茎高Stem height 0.29(0.1979) -0.32(0.1546) -0.79(<0.0001) 0.71(0.0003)
茎围Stem circumstance 0.28(0.1589) 0.19(0.4147) 0.15(0.5268) -0.33(0.1497)
真叶数Number of leaves -0.19(0.3979) -0.12(0.6188) 0.49(0.0253) -0.41(0.0677)
根系体积Root volume -0.23(0.3073) -0.49(0.0233) 0.56(0.0083) -0.63(0.0020)
根干重Root dry weight -0.40(0.0699) 0.10(0.6758) 0.96(<0.0001) -0.89(<0.0001)
茎叶干重Stem and leaf dry weight -0.11(0.6399) 0.16(0.4906) 0.95(<0.0001) -0.89(<0.0001)
整株干重Plant dry weight -0.15(0.5092) 0.15(0.5122) 0.96(<0.0001) -0.90(<0.0001)
茎叶/根Stem and leaf/root 0.83(<0.0001) 0.04(0.8696) -0.52(0.0153) 0.48(0.0274)
叶片叶绿素含量Leaf chlorophyll content 0.17(0.4511) -0.09(0.7064) -0.04(0.8790) 0.16(0.4912)
苗高达标率Seedling height compliance rate 0.09(0.6924) -0.42(0.0555) -0.17(0.4569) 0.12(0.6147)
茎高达标率Stem height compliance rate -0.11(0.6433) -0.51(0.0192) -0.25(0.2741) 0.21(0.3593)
真叶数达标率Leaf number compliance rate 0.20(0.3962) -0.52(0.0155) -0.24(0.2958) 0.24(0.2865)
成苗率Survival seedling rate 0.03(0.8846) -0.38(0.0899) -0.14(0.5540) 0.08(0.7160)
壮苗率Strong seedling rate 0.17(0.4522) -0.49(0.0238) -0.11(0.6419) -0.02(0.9325)
长势Growth 0.33(0.1452) -0.17(0.4726) 0.45(0.0894) -0.39(0.0799)
成本Cost -0.38(0.0897) 0.29(0.1943) 0.94(<0.0001) -0.95(<0.0001)

Table 3

Effects of different seedling tray specification on growth stages of small flue-cured tobacco seedling"

育苗盘规格（孔）
Specification of seedling tray (hole)		 播种（月-日）
Sowing
(month-day)		 出苗期（月-日）
Emergence
(month-day)		 小十字期（月-日）
Little cross
(month-day)		 大十字期（月-日）
Big cross
(month-day)		 成苗期（月-日）
Survival seedling
(month-day)		 苗床期
Seedling
period (d)
160(CK) 03-07 03-17 03-30 04-07 04-20 44a
改良160 Improved 160 03-07 03-18 03-29 04-06 04-16 40b
209 03-07 03-17 03-29 04-07 04-17 41b
286 03-07 03-17 03-29 04-07 04-16 40b
338 03-07 03-18 03-29 04-06 04-17 41b
504 03-07 03-18 03-29 04-07 04-17 41b
595 03-07 03-18 03-29 04-07 04-17 41b

Table 4

Agronomic traits for each specification of seedling trays (measured on 41d after sowing)"

育苗盘规格（孔）
Specification of seedling tray (hole)		 苗高
Seedling height
(cm)		 茎高
Stem
height
(cm)		 茎围
Stem circumstance
(cm)		 真叶数
Number
of leaves		 根系体积
Root
volume
(mL)		 根干重
Root
weight
(g)		 茎叶干重
Shoot
weight
(g)		 整株干重
Plant weight
(g)		 茎叶/根
Shoot/
root		 叶片叶绿素含量
Leaf chlorophyll content (mg/g)
160(CK) 4.4b 2.6b 0.91b 4.7b 6.33c 0.56a 3.90a 4.46a 7.02c 0.28ab
改良160
Improved 160		 5.1ab 2.9ab 0.98ab 5.7a 13.73a 0.54a 4.00a 4.54a 7.44abc 0.33a
209 4.9ab 2.9ab 0.98ab 4.3ab 12.00a 0.51a 3.37b 3.88b 6.64c 0.24b
286 5.1ab 3.1a 0.91b 4.9ab 9.97b 0.35b 2.56c 2.91c 7.23bc 0.28ab
338 5.5a 3.2a 1.40a 4.6b 8.33b 0.36b 3.25b 3.61b 8.91ba 0.30ab
504 5.2ab 3.3a 0.84b 4.5b 5.83c 0.29b 2.20c 2.49c 7.64abc 0.30ab
595 4.9ab 3.2a 0.84b 4.5b 6.33c 0.27b 2.46c 2.73c 9.21a 0.30ab

Table 5

Effects of different seedling tray specification on survival seedling rate and strong seedling rate of flue-cured tobacco"

育苗盘规格（孔）
Specification of seedling tray (hole)		 茎高达标率
Stem height
compliance rate (%)		 真叶数达标率
Number of leaves compliance rate (%)		 成苗率
Survival seedling
rate (%)		 壮苗率
Strong seedling
rate (%)
160 73.3±9.3b 96.7±1.7a 73.3±9.3b 60.0±10.4b
改良160
Improved 160		 95.0±5.0a 100.0±0.0a 95.0±5.0a 91.7±3.3a
209 92.4±1.5ab 100.0±0.0a 87.9±3.0ab 86.4±2.6a
286 89.7±5.6ab 97.4±2.6a 88.5±4.5ab 85.9±3.4a
338 93.6±3.4a 100.0±0.0a 93.6±3.4ab 89.7±1.3a
504 98.1±1.9a 100.0±0.0a 90.7±9.3ab 77.8±3.2ab
595 84.3±8.6ab 100.0±0.0a 84.3±8.6ab 80.4±8.6a

Table 6

Effects of different seedling tray specification on the recovery date and rate of flue-cured tobacco seedling after transplanting to the field"

育苗盘规格（孔）
Specification of seedling tray (hole)		 移栽日期
（月-日）
Date of transplanting (month-day)		 还苗日期
（月-日）
Date of seedling recovery
(month-day)		 还苗率
Recovery
rate (%)
04-29 05-01
160 04-25 04-26 98.8b 95.3b
改良160
Improved 160		 04-25 04-26 98.7b 96.3b
209 04-25 04-26 100.0a 100.0a
286 04-25 04-26 100.0a 98.8b
338 04-25 04-26 100.0a 100.0a
504 04-25 04-26 100.0a 100.0a
595 04-25 04-26 100.0a 100.0a
常规大苗Conventional plant 04-25 04-28 100.0a 98.8b

Fig.2

Effects of different seedling tray specification on growth score of flue-cured tobacco seedling at growth stage"

Table 7

Seedling cost for specification of seedling trays"

育苗盘规格（孔）
Specification of seedling tray (hole)		 基质（元/盘）
Medium (yuan/tray)		 盘（元/盘）
Tray (yuan/tray)		 装盘播种
Fill and sowing		 间苗补苗
Thin out and replenish		 剪叶
Clipping		 其他管理
Others		 成本小计（元/盘）
Cost subtotal (yuan/tray)		 盘数（盘/hm2）
Number of trays (tray/hm2)		 总成本（元/hm2）
Total cost (yuan/hm2)
160(CK) 2.40 5.0 2.0 1.67 0 2.00 13.07 112.5 1470
改良160
Improved 160		 1.06 4.5 2.0 2.22 0 2.00 11.78 112.5 1325
209 1.06 6.5 2.3 2.67 0 2.00 14.53 90.0 1308
286 2.06 7.0 2.5 2.67 0 2.00 16.23 67.5 1096
338 2.08 7.5 3.0 4.00 0 2.00 18.58 60.0 1115
504 1.38 9.0 3.5 4.56 0 2.00 20.44 37.5 767
595 1.40 10.0 3.8 4.00 0 2.00 21.20 30.0 636
常规大苗
Conventional plant		 2.40 5.0 2.0 1.67 2.00 4.00 17.07 112.5 1920
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