Crops ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 6-13.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2023.01.002

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Comprehensive Evaluation of 12 Major Agronomic Traits of 103 Chickpea Germplasm Resources

Huang Guibin(), Guan Yaobing, Niu Yongqi, Zhou Lilei, Zhao Yongfeng()   

  1. Guyuan Branch of Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Guyuan 756000, Ningxia, China
  • Received:2021-08-30 Revised:2021-10-15 Online:2023-02-15 Published:2023-02-22

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Abstract:

Based on 103 chickpea germplasm resources, 12 agronomic traits were analyzed by genetic diversity analysis and cluster analysis, and seven quantitative traits were evaluated by principal component analysis and comprehensive evaluation, which laid a theoretical foundation for the creation of chickpea germplasm resources and the breeding of new varieties. The results showed that, the genetic diversity indexes of 12 agronomic traits ranged from 0.6584 to 2.0333. The genetic diversity indexes of plant height, grain number per plant, 100-grain weight and pod number per plant were higher than 2.0000. The genetic diversity indexes of plant type, seed surface, seed shape and flower color were all lower than 1.2000. The 103 chickpea germplasm resources were mainly divided into five groups. The group Ⅰ contained 24 materials, which could be used to select the varieties with high yield and suitable for mechanized harvest. The group Ⅱ contained 13 materials, which could be screened out for high yield, high stem and medium grain type varieties. The contribution rates of the first three principal components of the seven quantitative traits were 44.92%, 19.25% and 15.82%, respectively, and the cumulative contribution rates were 79.99%. The main factors of principal component 1 were yield per plant, pod number per plant and seed number per plant. D values of the comprehensive evaluation were all between 0.136 and 0.874, and the top 20 comprehensive evaluation D values were all higher than 0.600. According to the D values of cluster analysis and comprehensive evaluation, more than 20 potential materials with different excellent properties could be selected preliminarily.

Key words: Chickpea, Germplasm resources, Agronomic traits, Comprehensive analysis

Table 1

Information of the 103 chickpea germplasm resources"

序号
No.		 统一编号
Uniform
number		 来源
Source		 序号
No.		 统一编号
Uniform
number		 来源
Source		 序号
No.		 统一编号
Uniform
number		 来源
Source		 序号
No.		 统一编号
Uniform
number		 来源
Source
1 L0000003 中国内蒙古 27 L0000539 ICRISAT 53 L0000842 俄罗斯 79 L0001013 叙利亚
2 L0000009 中国甘肃 28 L0000547 ICRISAT 54 L0000845 俄罗斯 80 L0001018 叙利亚
3 L0000010 中国甘肃 29 L0000548 ICRISAT 55 L0000846 俄罗斯 81 L0001023 叙利亚
4 L0000047 土耳其 30 L0000568 外引繁选 56 L0000847 俄罗斯 82 L0001026 叙利亚
5 L0000063 印度 31 L0000581 印度 57 L0000854 俄罗斯 83 L0001030 叙利亚
6 L0000068 伊朗 32 L0000598 俄罗斯 58 L0000855 俄罗斯 84 L0001036 叙利亚
7 L0000081 以色列 33 L0000600 俄罗斯 59 L0000856 俄罗斯 85 L0001037 叙利亚
8 L0000097 ICARDA 34 L0000617 外引繁选 60 L0000857 俄罗斯 86 L0001044 叙利亚
9 L0000153 美国 35 L0000620 外引繁选 61 L0000858 俄罗斯 87 L0001051 叙利亚
10 L0000232 ICARDA 36 L0000716 叙利亚 62 L0000865 叙利亚 88 L0001059 叙利亚
11 L0000241 ICARDA 37 L0000722 叙利亚 63 L0000878 叙利亚 89 L0001060 叙利亚
12 L0000284 ICARDA 38 L0000726 叙利亚 64 L0000880 叙利亚 90 L0001068 叙利亚
13 L0000302 ICARDA 39 L0000730 叙利亚 65 L0000914 叙利亚 91 L0001116 叙利亚
14 L0000303 ICARDA 40 L0000735 叙利亚 66 L0000921 叙利亚 92 L0001138 叙利亚
15 L0000328 ICARDA 41 L0000736 叙利亚 67 L0000960 俄罗斯 93 L0001209 美国
16 L0000378 ICARDA 42 L0000791 俄罗斯 68 L0000964 俄罗斯 94 L0001213 美国
17 L0000454 ICARDA 43 L0000793 俄罗斯 69 L0000969 俄罗斯 95 L0001215 美国
18 L0000481 ICRISAT 44 L0000796 俄罗斯 70 L0000975 俄罗斯 96 L0001221 美国
19 L0000502 ICRISAT 45 L0000797 俄罗斯 71 L0000976 俄罗斯 97 L0001227 美国
20 L0000503 ICRISAT 46 L0000802 俄罗斯 72 L0000985 俄罗斯 98 L0001231 美国
21 L0000507 ICRISAT 47 L0000816 俄罗斯 73 L0000987 俄罗斯 99 L0001234 美国
22 L0000510 ICRISAT 48 L0000818 俄罗斯 74 L0001001 叙利亚 100 L0001238 美国
23 L0000514 ICRISAT 49 L0000819 俄罗斯 75 L0001004 叙利亚 101 L0001240 美国
24 L0000528 ICARDA 50 L0000823 俄罗斯 76 L0001006 叙利亚 102 L0001244 美国
25 L0000530 ICARDA 51 L0000831 俄罗斯 77 L0001009 叙利亚 103 L0001254 美国
26 L0000537 ICARDA 52 L0000833 俄罗斯 78 L0001011 叙利亚

Table 2

Genetic diversity analysis of five quality traits of 103 chickpea germplasm resources"

性状
Trait		 遗传多样性指数
H′		 频率分布Ratio of distribution (%)
1 2 3 4 5
种子表面Seed surface 1.0459 20.39 46.60 33.01
粒形Seed shape 0.9709 51.46 35.92 12.62
粒色Seed color 1.4026 28.16 21.36 37.86 15.83 6.80
花色Flower color 0.6584 63.11 36.89
株型Plant type 1.1679 33.98 28.16 35.92 1.94

Table 3

Genetic diversity analysis of seven quantitative traits of 103 chickpea germplasm resources"

性状
Trait		 平均值
Average		 最小值
Min.		 最大值
Max.		 标准差
SD		 极差
Range		 变异系数
CV (%)		 遗传多样性指数
H′
株高Plant height (cm) 48.92 32.50 62.50 5.69 30.00 11.63 2.0333
主茎节数No. of main stem 24.28 17.00 35.00 3.59 18.00 14.81 1.9669
单株一级分枝数No. of primary 1.76 1.00 3.00 0.58 2.00 32.70 1.8367
单株荚数Pods per plant 139.54 28.00 307.00 67.77 279.00 48.57 2.0101
单株粒数No. seeds per plant 169.04 36.00 381.00 81.80 345.00 48.39 2.0299
百粒重100-seed weight (g) 18.53 5.79 36.96 6.10 31.17 32.91 2.0163
单株产量Yield per plant (g) 31.06 4.06 104.30 18.96 100.24 61.02 1.8751

Fig.1

Cluster dendrogram of 12 agronomic traits of 103 chickpea germplasm resources"

Table 4

Agronomic traits of various groups of 103 chickpea germplasm resources"

性状
Trait		 项目
Item		 种质类群Germplasm group
Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ
株高Plant height (cm) 均值 48.58 51.72 49.80 48.19 47.32
变异系数 (%) 10.85 10.03 12.02 13.15 8.00
主茎节数No. of main stems 均值 24.87 26.35 24.31 23.60 22.75
变异系数 (%) 17.36 14.44 13.86 12.73 12.93
单株一级分枝数No. of primaries 均值 2.03 1.81 1.61 1.67 1.67
变异系数 (%) 25.69 36.66 35.78 31.63 37.18
单株荚数Pods per plant 均值 189.80 252.35 152.85 89.06 42.93
变异系数 (%) 9.55 9.63 12.71 23.75 24.18
单株粒数No. of seeds per plant 均值 247.95 283.15 177.21 108.76 50.47
变异系数 (%) 12.28 15.67 9.39 19.45 22.60
百粒重100-seed weight (g) 均值 17.25 20.83 21.40 17.94 15.77
变异系数 (%) 32.79 34.45 27.68 33.20 29.23
单株产量Yield per plant (g) 均值 42.45 57.21 35.62 19.26 7.19
变异系数 (%) 32.06 32.93 26.90 42.98 28.16
种子表面Seed surface 凹凸不平、粗糙 凹凸不平、粗糙 光滑、凹凸不平 凹凸不平、粗糙 凹凸不平、粗糙
粒形Seed shape 鹰头形、羊头形 鹰头形、羊头形 鹰头形、球形 鹰头形、羊头形 鹰头形、羊头形
粒色Seed color 褐色 褐色 褐色 黄色、褐色 黄色、绿色
花色Flower color 白色、紫色 白色、紫色 白色、紫色 白色、紫色 白色
株型Plant type 半直立、披散 半披散、披散 半披散、披散 披散 半披散、披散

Table 5

The principal component analysis of seven quantitative traits of 103 chickpea germplasm resources"

性状
Trait		 主成分1
Principal component 1		 主成分2
Principal component 2		 主成分3
Principal component 3
株高Plant height 0.457 0.533 0.417
主茎节数Number of main stems 0.437 0.685 -0.199
单株一级分枝数Number of primaries 0.319 0.607 0.018
单株荚数Pods number per plant 0.910 -0.194 -0.282
单株粒数Number of seeds per plant 0.879 -0.201 -0.381
百粒重100-seed weight 0.449 -0.234 0.807
单株产量Yield per plant 0.917 -0.305 0.131
特征值Eigenvalues 3.144 1.348 1.107
贡献率Contribution rate (%) 44.92 19.25 15.82
累计贡献率Cumulative contribution rate (%) 44.92 64.17 79.99

Table 6

The top 20 germplasms of comprehensive assessment"

统一编号
Uniform number		 综合评价值
D		 排名
Ranking		 统一编号
Uniform number		 综合评价值
D		 排名
Ranking		 统一编号
Uniform number		 综合评价值
D		 排名
Ranking
L0000530 0.874 1 L0000620 0.723 8 L0001234 0.678 15
L0001001 0.853 2 L0000617 0.710 9 L0000797 0.659 16
L0000232 0.824 3 L0000975 0.708 10 L0000823 0.647 17
L0000793 0.816 4 L0000819 0.706 11 L0000284 0.639 18
L0000854 0.774 5 L0000855 0.700 12 L0001240 0.624 19
L0000969 0.743 6 L0000791 0.700 13 L0000842 0.623 20
L0000878 0.729 7 L0000921 0.680 14
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