基于苞叶表型性状的玉米自交系遗传多样性及遗传距离分析

doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.03.008

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to accurately identify the genetic basis of maize inbred line germplasm resources and explore the distance of genetic relationships between germplasm resources, 42 maize backbone inbred lines were used as experimental materials, and genetic diversity and genetic distance of maize inbred line germplasm resources were studied through genetic variation, principal component analysis, and genetic distance clustering analysis based on eight husk phenotypic traits. The results showed that the variation range of husk phenotypic traits of 42 maize inbred line germplasm resources was 3.23%-26.15%, and the average coefficient of variation was 17.03%. The variation of husk dry weight and the longest husk width were abundant, but the variation of husk tightness was the least. The genetic diversity index (H') ranged from 1.53 to 1.99, the genetic diversity index for husk dry weight was the highest, while the husk layer was the lowest. Correlation analysis showed that there were complex correlations among the husk phenotypic traits of inbred lines. There was a positive correlation between husk dry weight and husk layer, husk length, husk width, and husk thickness, while husk layer was significantly negatively correlated with husk length and width. The differences in particular factor qualities of 42 maize backbone inbred lines were examined, and the first three principal component scores served as markers for the two-dimensional sorting of principal components. The principal component analysis results showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first three principal components reached 74.21%. Euclidean distance clustering analysis showed that 42 maize inbred lines were divided into five groups, and the average genetic distance between groups was 10.64.

Key words: Maize, Inbred line, Germplasm resources, Husk phenotypic traits, Genetic diversity, Genetic distance

Ma Hongzhen, Xu Haitao, Wang Yue, Feng Xiaoxi, Xu Bo, Zhang Jungang, Guo Haibin, Wang Youhua. Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Genetic Distance of Maize Inbred Lines Based on Phenotypic Traits of Husks[J].Crops, 2024, 40(3): 54-63.

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References 30

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自交系 Inbred line	类群 Heterotic group	自交系 Inbred line	类群 Heterotic group	自交系 Inbred line	类群 Heterotic group
昌7-2 Chang 7-2	塘四平头	7922	瑞德	21H86	兰卡斯特
Mo17	兰卡斯特	丹340 Dan 340	旅大红骨	12H21	兰卡斯特
PH4CV	兰卡斯特	S122	旅大红骨	13H72	P群
自330 Zi 330	兰卡斯特	郑35 Zheng 35	旅大红骨	H1613	P群
漯12 Luo 12	兰卡斯特	8340	旅大红骨	ZM027	瑞德
齐319 Qi 319	P群	郑22 Zheng 22	旅大红骨	H8810	瑞德
齐318 Qi 318	P群	选03 Xuan 03	旅大红骨	19H136	瑞德
P138	P群	53	旅大红骨	驻85 Zhu 85	瑞德
丹599 Dan 599	P群	黄早四 Huangzaosi	塘四平头	驻136 Zhu 136	瑞德
78599-3	P群	浚92-8 Xun 92-8	塘四平头	H732	旅大红骨
郑58 Zheng 58	瑞德	K12	塘四平头	14H95	旅大红骨
黄C Huang C	瑞德	浚9058 Xun 9058	外引选	06T9	旅大红骨
M54	瑞德	PH6WC	外引选	ZM7211	塘四平头
郑32 Zheng 32	瑞德	ZM3358	兰卡斯特	H0326	塘四平头

性状 Trait	最大值 Maximum	最小值 Minimum	极差 Range	平均值 Average	标准差 Standard deviation	变异系数 CV (%)	偏度 Skewness	峰度 Kurtosis
苞叶层数Husk layer	12.0	7.0	5.0d	8.9	1.4068	15.81	0.431	-0.530
最长苞叶长 Longest husk length (cm)	29.5	15.4	14.1b	23.1	2.9121	12.61	-0.121	0.208
最长苞叶宽 Longest husk width (cm)	17.2	4.0	13.2b	9.5	2.3080	24.29	0.726	2.027
第3片苞叶长 3rd husk length (cm)	27.5	14.8	12.7b	22.0	2.7164	12.35	-0.243	0.288
第3片苞叶宽 3rd husk width (cm)	15.5	5.1	10.4c	9.6	1.7771	18.51	0.644	2.345
苞叶厚度Husk thickness (mm)	4.21	1.55	2.66e	2.41	0.5606	23.26	1.071	1.595
苞叶干重Husk dry weight (g)	22.50	5.95	16.55a	13.08	3.4208	26.15	0.374	0.500
苞叶松紧度Husk tightness	0.936	0.816	0.120f	0.891	0.0288	3.23	-1.033	0.763

性状 Trait					P_i						H′
性状 Trait	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	H′
苞叶层数Husk layer	0.00	0.00	0.32	0.35	0.00	0.33	0.33	0.19	0.00	0.01	1.53
最长苞叶长Longest husk length	0.09	0.09	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.33	0.30	0.14	0.19	0.01	1.97
最长苞叶宽Longest husk width	0.09	0.00	0.22	0.33	0.32	0.32	0.28	0.19	0.14	0.01	1.90
第3片苞叶长3rd husk length	0.14	0.00	0.22	0.30	0.28	0.36	0.25	0.14	0.19	0.01	1.90
第3片苞叶宽3rd husk width	0.09	0.00	0.19	0.35	0.28	0.35	0.22	0.19	0.14	0.01	1.83
苞叶厚度Husk thickness	0.00	0.09	0.22	0.34	0.32	0.30	0.28	0.14	0.14	0.01	1.84
苞叶干重Husk dry weight	0.09	0.14	0.19	0.32	0.33	0.28	0.30	0.19	0.14	0.01	1.99
苞叶松紧度Husk tightness	0.19	0.09	0.09	0.32	0.09	0.37	0.33	0.09	0.14	0.00	1.71
均值Mean	－	－	－	－	－	－	－	－	－	－	1.83

性状 Trait	苞叶层数 Husk layer	最长苞叶长 Longest husk length	最长苞叶宽 Longest husk width	第3片苞叶长 3rd husk length	第3片苞叶宽 3rd husk width	苞叶厚度 Husk thickness	苞叶干重 Husk dry weight	苞叶松紧度 Husk tightness
苞叶层数Husk layer	1.000
最长苞叶长Longest husk length	-0.245	1.000
最长苞叶宽Longest husk width	-0.406^**	0.497^**	1.000
第3片苞叶长3rd husk length	-0.246	0.975^**	0.499^**	1.000
第3片苞叶宽3rd husk width	-0.412^**	0.455^**	0.890^**	0.439^*	1.000
苞叶厚度Husk thickness	0.173	-0.258	-0.280	-0.270	-0.349^*	1.000
苞叶干重Husk dry weight	0.353^*	0.206	0.058	0.255	0.047	0.140	1.000
苞叶松紧度Husk tightness	0.137	-0.159	-0.057	-0.149	-0.001	0.075	0.242	1.000

性状Trait	PC1	PC2	PC3
苞叶层数Husk layer	-0.2828	0.4648	-0.1054
最长苞叶长Longest husk length	0.4596	0.2490	-0.3378
最长苞叶宽Longest husk width	0.4645	-0.0530	0.3222
第3片苞叶长3rd husk length	0.4590	0.2728	-0.3329
第3片苞叶宽3rd husk width	0.4540	-0.0763	0.3973
苞叶厚度Husk thickness	-0.2555	0.1971	-0.0442
苞叶干重Husk dry weight	0.0446	0.7064	0.0801
苞叶松紧度Husk tightness	-0.0949	0.3179	0.7028
特征值Eigenvalue	3.2729	1.5418	1.1226
贡献率Contribution rate (%)	40.91	19.27	14.03
累计贡献率 Cumulative contribution rate (%)	40.91	60.18	74.21

Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Genetic Distance of Maize Inbred Lines Based on Phenotypic Traits of Husks

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