Crops ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 147-153.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2017.06.024

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Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate and Ratio of Inorganic and Organic Fertilizers on Yield Formation and Rice Quality of Purple Rice

Lu Haoyu1,Wen Hao1,Yi Zhenxie1,Zhou Tiejun2   

  1. 1College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University/South Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China,Changsha 410128,Hunan,China
    2Hunan Liangtian Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co.,Ltd,Changsha 410007,Hunan,China
  • Received:2017-07-26 Revised:2017-08-21 Online:2017-12-15 Published:2018-08-26
  • Contact: Zhenxie Yi

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Abstract:

The purple rice variety Liangtianzi No.1 was used as the material to study the effects of different nitrogen rate (120kg/hm 2, 150kg/hm 2) and the proportion of inorganic and organic fertilizers (100%∶0, 50%∶50%, 25%∶75%, 0∶100%) on the yield formation characteristics and rice quality of purple rice. The results showed that: (1) With the increment of nitrogen applicatin rate, tillers, spike rate, leaf area and dry matter accumulation were increased, and the yield was increased significantly. At the same time, under the same nitrogen rate, yield of 50%:50% treatment was the highest, the next was 25%∶75% treatment, and yield of 0∶100% treatment was the lowest. (2) Nitrogen application and organic fertilizer could improve the brown rice rate and milled rice rate of purple rice, and the improving effect of 0∶100% treatment was the best, and 50%∶50% treatment was the next. (3) The amylose content in purple rice grain was decreased with the increment of nitrogen application rate and proportion of organic fertilizer. The protein content was increased significantly after application of nitrogen, and which showed the trend of increased firstly and then decreased with the increment of proportion of organic fertilizer, and protein content of purple rice in 25%∶75% treatment was the highest, and followed by 50%∶50% treatment. Nitrogen application significantly increased the content of vitamin B1 in purple rice, organic fertilizer also had certain promotion effect, while the difference was not significant. (4) Effects of the application of pure inorganic fertilizer on content of Se, Zn and Fe of purple rice were not clear, while the improving effect of organic fertilizer on content of Se, Zn and Fe of purple rice was significant, and which was increased with the increment of proportion of organic fertilizer. Therefore, in this study, the nitrogen rate 150kg/hm 2 and proportion of organic fertilizer 50%-75% were advantageous to high yield and quality of purple rice.

Key words: Purple rice, Proportion of inorganic and organic fertilizer, Yield formation, Rice quality

Table 1

Nitrogen application rate and ratio of inorganic and organic fertilizer in different treatments"

处理
Treatment		 施氮量(kg/hm2)
Nitrogen application
rate		 无机肥比例(%)
Proportion of
inorganic fertilizer		 有机肥比例(%)
Proportion of
organic fertilizer
F1 120 100 0
F2 120 50 50
F3 120 25 75
F4 120 0 100
F5 150 100 0
F6 150 50 50
F7 150 25 75
F8 150 0 100
F9(CK) 0 0 0

Fig.1

Dynamics of tillers of population in different fertilization treatments"

Fig.2

Dynamics of tillers per hill in different fertilization treatments"

Table 2

The spike rate in different treatments %"

处理Treatment F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9
成穗率Spike rate 71.9a 72.8a 72.2a 71.6a 72.9a 73.2a 72.5a 72.0a 61.3b

Table 3

Leaf area index at different stages in different treatments"

处理Treatment 分蘖盛期Active tillering stage 孕穗期Booting stage 齐穗期Full heading stage 灌浆中期Mid-filling stage
F1 3.88±0.17a 4.53±0.10bc 4.09±0.09c 3.51±0.10c
F2 3.41±0.12b 4.89±0.07ab 4.33±0.11a 3.89±0.13ab
F3 3.25±0.18c 4.61±0.16b 4.13±0.12bc 3.67±0.14b
F4 3.18±0.11c 4.36±0.09c 3.84±0.17d 3.37±0.08d
F5 4.18±0.16a 4.93±0.18ab 4.25±0.13b 3.56±0.18c
F6 3.66±0.12ab 5.17±0.09a 4.41±0.09a 4.02±0.09a
F7 3.31±0.14c 4.66±0.11b 4.19±0.07b 3.83±0.11ab
F8 3.22±0.19c 4.55±0.14b 3.91±0.08d 3.54±0.06c
F9 2.79±0.09d 3.97±0.10d 3.37±0.15e 2.85±0.17e

Table 4

Dry matter accumulation at different stages in different treatments t/hm2"

处理
Treatment		 分蘖盛期
Active tillering stage		 孕穗期
Booting stage		 齐穗期
Full heading stage		 灌浆中期
Mid-filling stage		 成熟期
Maturity stage
F1 2.81±0.07c 6.85±0.16d 8.11±0.13e 9.63±0.09e 10.91±0.09f
F2 2.60±0.09d 6.92±0.08d 8.47±0.07d 10.14±0.12d 11.87±0.16d
F3 2.56±0.05d 6.63±0.09e 8.08±0.08e 9.68±0.08e 11.58±0.11e
F4 2.37±0.06e 6.52±0.08e 7.83±0.11f 9.46±0.14f 11.10±0.12f
F5 3.23±0.06a 7.54±0.07a 9.53±0.07b 11.19±0.07bc 12.25±0.07c
F6 3.06±0.11b 7.68±0.12a 9.67±0.12a 11.46±0.08a 12.94±0.12a
F7 3.01±0.05b 7.39±0.09b 9.58±0.09b 11.26±0.16b 12.66±0.16b
F8 2.88±0.13bc 7.21±0.14c 9.36±0.09c 11.09±0.15c 12.38±0.08c
F9 2.09±0.08f 5.34±0.11f 6.11±0.14g 8.37±0.11g 9.08±0.13g

Table 5

Yield components of purple rice in different treatments"

处理
Treatment		 有效穗(×104/hm2)
Effective panicle		 每穗粒数
Grain per panicle		 结实率(%)
Seed setting rate
 千粒重(g)
1000-grain weight
 理论产量(kg/hm2)
Theoretical yield		 实际产量(kg/hm2)
Actual yield
F1 172±8.1abc 182±13.6d 44.01±0.08e 22.04±0.45d 3 379±59.21d 3 205±47.91de
F2 169±5.6bc 197±15.7ab 47.39±0.09a 22.56±0.39cd 3 688±63.47c 3 559±89.34c
F3 161±2.3c 192±9.8bc 46.28±0.11c 22.75±0.81abc 3 408±29.17d 3 255±86.73d
F4 159±4.2c 196±10.1ab 46.45±0.17bc 22.81±0.47abc 3 241±24.31e 3 128±95.82e
F5 186±4.6a 186±11.3cd 45.55±0.04d 22.36±0.66abc 3 785±32.98c 3 601±64.42c
F6 183±3.4ab 201±12.9a 47.29±0.12ab 23.44±0.59ab 4 209±63.55a 4 077±69.47a
F7 180±5.6abc 195±13.1abc 46.53±0.08bc 23.64±0.62ab 4 001±49.74b 3 861±78.69b
F8 175±6.9abc 191±12.4bc 44.61±0.11e 23.89±0.71a 3 688±57.11c 3 530±63.27c
F9 138±6.7d 172±10.9e 40.19±0.09f 22.14±0.55d 2 218±29.54f 2 016±41.25f

Table 6

Brown rice rate and milled rice rate of purple rice in different treatments ％"

处理
Treatment		 糙米率
Brown rice rate		 精米率
Milled rice rate
F1 80.72b 61.97c
F2 81.25a 62.04c
F3 81.02a 62.54b
F4 81.46a 62.21c
F5 80.85b 62.68ab
F6 81.49a 62.81ab
F7 81.23a 62.58b
F8 81.57a 63.15a
F9 78.71c 58.97d

Table 7

The amylose content in purple rice grain under different treatments ％"

处理Treatment 直链淀粉含量The amylose content
F1 11.21±0.57b
F2 10.51±0.27c
F3 10.33±0.42c
F4 9.53±0.40e
F5 11.13±0.68b
F6 10.07±0.52cd
F7 9.88±0.71d
F8 9.47±0.29e
F9 12.58±0.77a

Table 8

Content of crude protein and VB1 in purple rice grain under different treatments"

处理
Treatment		 粗蛋白含量(%)
Content of crude protein		 维生素B1含量(mg/kg)
Content of VB1
F1 9.14±1.21d 0.0309±0.0007a
F2 9.89±0.77b 0.0314±0.0008a
F3 10.21±0.92a 0.0322±0.0012a
F4 9.66±0.69c 0.0327±0.0011a
F5 9.27±0.32d 0.0310±0.0006a
F6 10.02±0.63ab 0.0329±0.0016a
F7 10.38±0.97a 0.0328±0.0013a
F8 9.52±0.57c 0.0326±0.0009a
F9 8.25±0.81e 0.0287±0.0008b

Table 9

Content of 3 types of trace elements in purple rice grain under different treatments mg/kg"

处理
Treatment		 Se含量
Content of Se		 Zn含量
Content of Zn		 Fe含量
Content of Fe
F1 0.0409±0.0007d 22.078±0.337c 37.551±0.988d
F2 0.0422±0.0011c 23.343±0.471b 40.275±0.417c
F3 0.0444±0.0007b 24.101±0.894a 41.578±0.366b
F4 0.0471±0.0006a 24.388±0.616a 42.299±0.859a
F5 0.0405±0.0003d 22.051±0.266c 37.418±0.722d
F6 0.0432±0.0009c 23.622±0.614b 40.914±1.028c
F7 0.0467±0.0005a 24.244±0.571a 41.671±0.774b
F8 0.0473±0.0012a 24.427±0.411a 42.573±0.616a
F9 0.0402±0.0006d 22.016±0.788c 36.812±0.875e
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