Crops ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 144-151.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.04.022

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Effects of Iron, Cadmium and Their Interaction on the Primary Reaction of Photosynthesis in Rice

Yang Lei(), Jin Yandi, Liu Houjun()   

  1. College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
  • Received:2020-08-14 Revised:2020-11-13 Online:2021-08-15 Published:2021-08-13
  • Contact: Liu Houjun E-mail:1026542765@qq.com;liuhoujun_0@syau.edu.cn

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Abstract:

Iron (Fe) plays an important role in plant photosynthesis, while cadmium (Cd) causes various interferes in photosynthesis. Chlorophyll fluorescence reflects photosynthetic efficiency and electron transfer characteristics. This experiment aimed to investigate the effects of Fe, Cd and their interactions on photosynthetic efficiency and chlorophyll fluorescence in rice. The pot experiment was designed to investigate photosynthetic indexes, chlorophyll fluorescence indexes, and OJIP curve under different Fe and Cd supplements in soil. The rate of Fe addition was 0 (Fe0), 1.0 (Fe1) and 2.0g/kg (Fe2), while Cd was 0 (Cd0) and 2.0mg/kg (Cd2). The results showed that Fe1 treatment increased photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), and fluorescence intensity at the early stage, while Fe2 and Cd2 decreased these indexes. At the late stages (after the booting stage), Fe1 and Fe2 were beneficial for rice to keep high Pn, Gs, Ci and chlorophyll fluorescence intensity but Cd2 still decreased these indexes. Fe or Cd increased the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) at the early stages, while at the late stages, Cd alone or Cd and high Fe together significantly decreased Fv/Fm. Fe1 significantly promoted the photosynthesis of rice and alleviated the interference of Cd on photosynthesis, while Fe2 significantly inhibited photosynthesis and reduced dry matter accumulation in rice. Cd2 decreased photosynthesis and disturbed the physiological function of Fe during photosynthesis. Therefore, proper application of Fe fertilizer can promote the photosynthesis of rice and reduce Cd toxicity.

Key words: Iron, Cadmium, Rice, Primary reaction of photosynthesis, Chlorophyll fluorescence

Fig.1

Dry weight of grains and shoots of rice at harvest under different Fe, Cd treatments Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among Fe treatments at the same Cd level (P<0.05)"

Fig.2

Pn, Ci, SPAD value and Gs in leaves of rice at different growth stages"

Table 1

Analysis of variance on Pn, Ci, SPAD value and Gs in leave of rice at different growth stages"

指标
Index		 处理
Treatment		 分蘖期
Tillering stage		 拔节期
Jointing stage		 孕穗期
Booting stage		 扬花期
Flowering stage		 蜡熟期
Ripening stage
Pn Cd * ** ns * **
Fe ** ** ns * **
Cd×Fe ns ns * ns *
Ci Cd ns ** ns ns ns
Fe ** ** * ** **
Cd×Fe ns ** ns ** **
SPAD值SPAD value Cd ns ** ns ns ns
Fe ** ** ** ** **
Cd×Fe ns ns ns ns ns
Gs Cd ** ** ns ns **
Fe ** ** ns ** **
Cd×Fe ns ** ns ns ns

Fig.3

Fv/Fm, PI, Fo and Fm in leaves of rice at different growth stages"

Table 2

Analysis of variance on Fv/Fm, PI, Fo, and Fm in leaves of rice at different growth stages"

指标
Index		 处理
Treatment		 分蘖期
Tillering		 拔节期
Jointing		 孕穗期
Booting		 扬花期
Flowering		 蜡熟期
Ripening
Cd ns ns * ns ns
Fv/Fm Fe * ns ns ns ns
Cd×Fe ** ns ns ns ns
PI Cd ns ns ns ns ns
Fe ** ** ns ** **
Cd×Fe ** ns ns ns ns
Fo Cd ns ns ns ns ns
Fe ** ** ns ns **
Cd×Fe ns ns ns ** ns
Fm Cd ns ns ** ns ns
Fe * * * ** **
Cd×Fe * ns ns ns *

Fig.4

Kinetic curve of chlorophyll fluorescence intensity of leaves of rice at different growth stages O, J, I, P indicate fluorescent signal at 10-15μs, 2ms, 30ms and 0.3-2000ms after illumination, the same below"

Fig.5

Kinetic curve of relative chlorophyll fluorescence intensity of leaves of rice at different growth stages"

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