Crops ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (5): 108-113.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.05.016

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Effects of Nitrogen and Sowing Rate on Yield and Quality of Fresh Leaves in Barley [2011(07)814]

Deng Chaochao(), Wang Lei, Xu Ye, Zhou Qi, Su Cuicui, Cai Xiaobin, Miao Pinggui, Zhao Haipeng, Zhang Yan, Wang Yucai, Zhang Xiangping()   

  1. Gansu Academy of Agri-Engineering Technology, Wuwei 733006, Gansu, China
  • Received:2020-10-30 Revised:2021-06-22 Online:2021-10-15 Published:2021-10-14
  • Contact: Zhang Xiangping E-mail:865851869@qq.com;13893537823@163.com

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Abstract:

To investigate the effects of nitrogen and sowing rate on the yield and quality of fresh leaves of newly selected barley [2011(07)814], a two-factor four-level split-plot experiment design was adopted to study four nitrogen application rates (N1: 150kg/ha, N2: 180kg/ha, N3: 210kg/ha, N4: 240kg/ha) and four sowing rates (S1: 3.75 million seeds/ha, S2: 4.50 million seeds/ha, S3: 5.25 million seeds/ha, S4: 6.00 million seeds/ha) were used in this study. The results showed that the effects of nitrogen, sowing rate, and their interactions on fresh leaves biomass, chlorophyll content (SPAD value), flag leaf area, protein content, and trace element contents of barley fresh leaves at booting stage were significant (P<0.05) or extremely significant (P<0.01). And these were firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen and the sowing rates, N2S3 or N3S2 treatment was the highest. Compared with N1S1 treatment, the fresh leaves yield, SPAD value, flag leaf area, and protein content of fresh leaves of N2S3 treatment increased by 102.70%, 16.09%, 86.39%, and 33.31%, respectively. The contents of Fe (295mg/kg), Mn (76.59mg/kg), Cu (8.10mg/kg), and Zn (30.94mg/kg) under N2S3 treatment were significantly higher than other treatments. Therefore, when the one-time nitrogen rate was 180-210kg/ha and the sowing rate was 4.50-5.25 million/ha in the Hexi area of Gansu, it could not only increase the yield, SPAD value, and flag leaf area of fresh barley leaves, but also increase the protein and trace element contents of fresh barley leaves.

Key words: Barley, Nitrogen rate, Sowing rate, Fresh leaves yield, Chlorophyll, Protein, Trace elements

Table 1

Effects of nitrogen rates, sowing rates and their interaction on barley fresh leaves biomass and qualities indexes"

项目Item 因素Factor
施氮量
Nitrogen rate
(N)		 播种量
Sowing rate
(S)		 互作效应
(N×S)
鲜重Fresh weight ** ** *
干重Dry weight ** * *
SPAD值SPAD value ** ** *
旗叶面积Flag leaf area ** ** **
蛋白质含量Protein content ** ** *
Fe ** * *
Mn ** * ns
Cu ** ** **
Zn ** * ns

Table 2

Yield of barley leaves under different nitrogen and sowing rate conditions kg/hm2"

处理Treatment 鲜重Fresh weight 干重Dry weight
N1S1 9598.94±283.10g 2474.68±48.73de
N1S2 11327.26±572.33fg 2384.42±78.37e
N1S3 11570.45±728.43fg 2481.77±84.96de
N1S4 10099.47±156.06g 2488.41±93.18de
N2S1 15006.81±386.74cd 2726.82±330.46cd
N2S2 18091.31±200.97b 4024.40±767.56ab
N2S3 19374.38±678.29a 4218.84±187.07a
N2S4 14786.23±575.52cd 2910.45±49.63c
N3S1 15977.61±123.46bc 3377.31±307.31bc
N3S2 19457.15±323.07a 3904.03±157.72ab
N3S3 17713.24±351.74bc 3450.70±183.04bc
N3S4 15660.15±679.32cd 3031.40±112.38c
N4S1 12333.63±612.31ef 2736.00±127.28cd
N4S2 14212.36±828.21cde 2966.28±228.93c
N4S3 13729.48±228.59de 2965.66±288.77c
N4S4 14810.37±637.10cd 3343.51±137.21bc

Fig.1

SPAD value in flag leaves of barley under different nitrogen and sowing rate conditions Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference (P<0.05), the same below"

Fig.2

Flag leaf area of barley under different nitrogen and sowing rate conditions"

Fig.3

Protein contents of fresh barley leaves under different nitrogen and sowing rate conditions"

Table 3

Contents of trace elements in barley fresh leaves under different nitrogen and sowing rate conditions mg/kg"

处理Treatment 微量元素Trace element
Fe (×100) Mn Cu Zn
N1S1 2.09±0.03f 67.80±1.19de 6.34±0.54f 23.49±2.05fg
N1S2 2.20±0.03def 69.22±1.15cd 6.37±0.29f 23.91±0.73f
N1S3 2.14±0.02ef 68.60±3.06de 6.66±0.35ef 24.14±1.02Sef
N1S4 2.21±0.03def 67.46±1.42e 6.46±0.15ef 22.98±1.22g
N2S1 2.60±0.07b 72.84±2.09b 6.84±0.12ef 25.84±2.16cd
N2S2 2.30±0.05cde 70.51±1.37bc 6.93±0.31e 27.54±1.38b
N2S3 2.95±0.09a 76.59±3.13a 8.10±0.23a 30.94±0.90a
N2S4 2.47±0.12bc 69.69±0.31cd 7.10±0.11b 27.29±0.58b
N3S1 2.46±0.01bc 74.65±1.16b 8.07±0.02ab 26.74±0.64c
N3S2 2.79±0.06ab 77.06±3.31a 8.22±0.48a 29.72±0.75a
N3S3 2.38±0.07cd 75.75±0.05ab 7.87±0.55b 26.90±1.01c
N3S4 2.40±0.03c 71.42±1.89b 7.42±0.22bc 25.07±0.98de
N4S1 1.66±0.08g 67.33±2.23e 7.21±0.10cd 27.15±1.89ab
N4S2 1.82±0.03fg 65.67±0.75ef 6.93±0.30ef 26.73±4.17cd
N4S3 1.70±0.01g 64.45±2.33f 7.15±0.03cd 24.06±2.38ef
N4S4 1.77±0.01g 63.79±0.71f 6.96±0.52Se 23.17±1.01g

Table 4

Correlation analysis of fresh weight, SPAD value, flag leaf area, protein contents and trace elements contents"

项目
Item		 SPAD值
SPAD value		 旗叶面积
Flag leaf area		 蛋白质含量
Protein content		 Fe Mn Cu Zn
鲜重Fresh weight 0.911** 0.880** 0.775** 0.602* 0.691** 0.832** 0.806**
SPAD值SPAD value 0.828** 0.729** 0.377 0.468 0.744** 0.715**
旗叶面积Flag leaf area 0.906** 0.335 0.448 0.719** 0.820**
蛋白质含量Protein content 0.297 0.476 0.663** 0.853**
Fe 0.896** 0.526* 0.618*
Mn 0.728** 0.717**
Cu 0.767**
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