Crops ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (5): 255-263.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2023.05.036

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Effects of Spraying Streptomyces on Yield and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Late-Sown Wheat under Different Crop Rotations

Zhang Dongxu1,2(), Hu Danzhu1, Yan Jinlong1, Feng Liyun1, Wu Zhiyuan1, Zhang Junling1, Li Yanhua1()   

  1. 1Millet Research Institute of Shanxi Agricultural University, Changzhi 046011, Shanxi, China
    2Ministerial and Provincial Co-Innovation Center for Endemic Crops Production with High Quality and Efficiency Loess Plateau Jointly Build by Provinces and Ministries, Taigu 030800, Shanxi, China
  • Received:2023-02-24 Revised:2023-03-30 Online:2023-10-15 Published:2023-10-16

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Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of spraying streptomyces on the production of late-sown wheat under different crop rotations, streptomyces roche (D74) was used as the test microbial agent, and a split-plot design was adopted, with the main plot consisting of two different crop rotations (previous crop soybean and previous crop maize), and the sub plot consisting of four periods of spraying streptomyces, including CK (spraying water at both jointing and filling stages), JS (spraying D74 at jointing stage and spraying water at filling stage), FS (spraying water at jointing stage and spraying D74 at filling stage), JF (spraying D74 at both jointing and filling stages), respectively. The effects of spraying streptomyces on yield and its components, photosynthetic characteristics and physiological characteristics of late-sown wheat under different crop rotations were studied. The results showed that the average spike number, yield and vegetation index in the filling stage of soybean stubble were higher than those of maize stubble, while the grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of flag leaf in the middle filling stage were lower than those of maize stubble. Streptomyces treatment had significant effects on the grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, yield, Pn of flag leaf at the late filling stage, vegetation index and chlorophyll content at the middle filling stage of late-sown wheat, all of which were JF>FS>JS>CK. The correlation analysis showed that the yield of late-sown wheat under two crop rotations sprayed with streptomyces was significantly positively correlated with grains per spike, 1000-grain weight and Pn of flag leaf, chlorophyll content and vegetation index in the middle and late filling stages (except for the vegetation index in the middle filling stage of soybean stubble). The comprehensive evaluation showed that the evaluation coefficients of each treatment of late-sown wheat under two rotations sprayed with streptomyces were higher than those of CK treatment, and the effects of spraying streptomyces at the filling stage were better than that at the jointing stage, while the both spraying streptomyces at the jointing stage and filling stage performed best.

Key words: Different crop rotations, Late-sown wheat, Spraying streptomyces, Yield, Photosynthetic characteristics

Fig.1

Effects of different treatments on plant height of late-sown wheat Different lowercase letters indicate that significant differences between the treatments of the same stubble (P < 0.05). The same below"

Fig.2

Effects of different treatments on spike number of late-sown wheat"

Fig.3

Effects of different treatments on grains per spike of late-sown wheat"

Fig.4

Effects of different treatments on 1000-grain weight of late-sown wheat"

Fig.5

Effects of different treatments on yield of late-sown wheat"

Fig.6

Effects of different treatments on Pn of late-sown wheat flag leaf"

Fig.7

Effects of different treatments on SPAD of late-sown wheat flag leaf"

Fig.8

Effects of different treatments on NDVI of late-sown wheat"

Table 1

Correlation analysis between yield and traits of late-sown wheat under different stubble"

性状
Trait		 株高
Plant
height		 成穗数
Spike
number		 穗粒数
Grains
per
spike		 千粒重
1000-
grain
weight		 Pn SPAD NDVI 产量
Yield
05-10 05-25 06-10 05-10 05-25 06-10 05-10 05-25 06-10
大豆茬口Soybean stubble
株高Plant height 1.000
成穗数Spike number -0.267 1.000
穗粒数
Grain number per spike		 0.435 0.251 1.000
千粒重
1000-grain weight		 0.509 0.048 0.824** 1.000
Pn 05-10 0.144 0.380 0.507 0.269 1.000
05-25 0.327 0.097 0.923** 0.811** 0.576* 1.000
06-10 0.500 0.016 0.879** 0.920** 0.386 0.897** 1.000
SPAD 05-10 -0.097 0.627* 0.361 0.132 0.343 0.304 0.216 1.000
05-25 0.550 0.205 0.823** 0.879** 0.337 0.700* 0.892** 0.296 1.000
06-10 0.470 0.228 0.962** 0.744** 0.528 0.893** 0.822** 0.514 0.773** 1.000
NDVI
 05-10 0.094 -0.438 -0.006 -0.003 -0.225 0.067 -0.078 -0.578* -0.254 -0.077 1.000
05-25 0.317 0.428 0.485 0.487 0.291 0.450 0.559 0.549 0.559 0.521 -0.648* 1.000
06-10 0.450 0.131 0.898** 0.912** 0.313 0.850** 0.949** 0.387 0.933** 0.870** -0.187 0.594* 1.000
产量Yield 0.389 0.042 0.905** 0.762** 0.243 0.874** 0.812** 0.262 0.675* 0.898** 0.100 0.407 0.855** 1.000
玉米茬口Maize stubble
株高Plant height 1.000
成穗数Spike number 0.322 1.000
穗粒数
Grain number per spike		 0.322 0.171 1.000
千粒重
1000-grain weight		 0.581* 0.040 0.828** 1.000
Pn 05-10 0.256 0.114 0.337 0.502 1.000
05-25 0.418 0.198 0.820** 0.917** 0.624* 1.000
06-10 0.438 0.133 0.857** 0.908** 0.679* 0.908** 1.000
SPAD 05-10 0.417 0.237 0.861** 0.769** 0.358 0.689* 0.795** 1.000
05-25 0.299 -0.306 0.816** 0.882** 0.476 0.805** 0.872** 0.698* 1.000
06-10 0.452 0.192 0.844** 0.876** 0.680* 0.892** 0.935** 0.764** 0.788** 1.000
NDVI 05-10 0.454 0.570 0.139 0.384 0.041 0.383 0.178 0.337 -0.024 0.230 1.000
05-25 0.150 0.310 0.841** 0.651* 0.210 0.713** 0.729** 0.864** 0.621* 0.668* 0.324 1.000
06-10 0.593* 0.334 0.853** 0.864** 0.458 0.850** 0.921** 0.781** 0.735** 0.876** 0.290 0.771** 1.000
产量Yield 0.523 0.200 0.757** 0.853** 0.751** 0.867** 0.955** 0.774** 0.787** 0.875** 0.240 0.656* 0.858** 1.000

Table 2

Comprehensive evaluation of yield and photosynthetic indexes of late-sown wheat under different treatments"

指标
Index		 大豆茬口Soybean stubble 玉米茬口Maize stubble
CK JS FS JF CK JS FS JF
株高Plant height 0.00 0.90 0.32 1.00 0.00 0.68 0.08 1.00
成穗数Spike number 0.00 0.57 0.57 1.00 0.00 0.64 0.73 1.00
穗粒数Grains per spike 0.00 0.32 0.71 1.00 0.00 0.55 0.72 1.00
千粒重1000-grain weight 0.00 0.47 0.93 1.00 0.00 0.52 0.82 1.00
Pn 05-10 0.00 0.07 0.69 1.00 0.00 0.10 0.67 1.00
05-25 0.00 0.42 0.78 1.00 0.00 0.15 0.79 1.00
06-10 0.00 0.46 0.88 1.00 0.00 0.49 0.96 1.00
SPAD 05-10 0.00 0.79 1.00 0.91 0.00 0.54 0.77 1.00
05-25 0.00 0.57 1.00 0.91 0.00 0.76 1.00 0.97
06-10 0.00 0.33 0.77 1.00 0.00 0.33 0.68 1.00
NDVI 05-10 1.00 0.25 0.00 0.58 0.00 0.57 0.52 1.00
05-25 0.00 0.38 0.68 1.00 0.00 0.70 1.00 0.88
06-10 0.00 0.52 0.94 1.00 0.00 0.51 0.66 1.00
产量Yield 0.00 0.55 0.77 1.00 0.00 0.48 0.80 1.00
平均隶属度Average membership 0.07 0.47 0.72 0.96 0.00 0.50 0.73 0.99
排序Ranking 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1
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