Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 241-248.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.02.033

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Effects of Sepiolite and Biochar on the Uptake and Accumulation of Cadmium and Arsenic in Rice

Jiang Suzhen1,2(), Xu Chao2(), Wang Zhongyuan2, Zheng Shen2, Chen Jianguo1(), Zhu Hanhua2, Huang Daoyou2, Zhang Quan2, Zhu Qihong2   

  1. 1College of Life Sciences and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
    2Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences / Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, Hunan, China
  • Received:2024-01-22 Revised:2024-03-23 Online:2025-04-15 Published:2025-04-16

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Abstract:

In order to clarify the regulatory mechanism of passivator material (sepiolite and biochar) combination to reduce Cd and As in rice, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of sepiolite (S), biochar (B), sepiolite and biochar combination (SB, mass ratio of 1:1) on the concentration of available Cd and As in soil, the formation of Fe plaque on root surface and its immobilization of Cd and As, and the concentration of Cd and As in rice tissues. The results showed that, compared with no passivator material, the application of passivator material significantly increased soil pH, reduced soil available Cd concentration, and had no significant effect on available As concentration. Compared with CK, the S, B and SB treatments significantly increased soil pH by 1.35, 1.35 and 1.18, and significantly decreased soil available Cd by 32.6%, 38.8% and 21.8% (P < 0.05), respectively. The Cd concentration in iron plaque of the S, B, and SB treatments significantly decreased by 58.5%, 63.6% and 55.0%, respectively. The SB treatment significantly increased the As concentration in iron plaque by 47.2%. The SB treatment had the best remediation effect on Cd and As compound pollution in paddy field. The Cd concentration in rice grains were significantly positively correlated with the concentration of Cd in iron plaque and available Cd in soil, and the As concentration in rice grains was significantly negatively correlated with the concentration of As in iron plaque, significantly positively correlated with the concentration of As in stems. The combination of sepiolite and biochar simultaneously reduced the Cd and As concentration in rice grains.

Key words: Passivator material, Sepiolite, Biochar, Cadmium, Arsenic, Uptake, Rice

Table 1

Basic physical and chemical properties of test soil and passivation materials"

材料
Material		 pH 总Cd
Total Cd (mg/kg)		 总As
Total As (mg/kg)		 总N
Total N (g/kg)		 总P
Total P (g/kg)		 总K
Total K (g/kg)		 有机碳
Organic carbon (g/kg)
供试土壤Test soil 6.03 4.07 147.06 0.74 0.79 13.65 19.86
海泡石Sepiolite 9.07 0.23 0.05
生物炭Biochar 8.30 0.15 0.06

Fig.1

Effects of passivated materials on rice grain yield Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between treatments (P < 0.05), the same below."

Fig.2

Effects of passivated materials on soil physicochemical properties"

Fig.3

Effects of passivated materials on the concentration of Cd, As and Fe in iron plaque"

Table 2

Effects of passivation materials on Cd and As concentrations in various organs of rice mg/kg"

处理
Treatment		 Cd As
根Root 茎Stem 叶Leaf 稻米Rice 根Root 茎Stem 叶Leaf 稻米Rice
CK 9.78±0.41a 1.89±0.13a 0.97±0.09a 0.20±0.02a 15.58±0.88b 13.29±0.62a 11.71±0.18a 1.01±0.04a
S 2.74±0.15b 0.84±0.04b 0.34±0.02b 0.12±0.01b 16.14±1.50b 14.35±0.65a 12.26±0.16a 1.11±0.06a
B 2.59±0.23bc 0.69±0.05b 0.31±0.01b 0.13±0.00b 18.12±0.23ab 14.14±0.70a 14.03±1.28a 1.07±0.02a
SB 1.84±0.16c 0.74±0.07b 0.32±0.03b 0.14±0.01b 20.38±1.11a 11.35±0.37b 12.39±0.54a 0.78±0.02b

Fig.4

Correlation analysis of different traits CdR: root Cd concentration, CdS: stem Cd concentration, CdL: leaf Cd concentration, CdG: rice Cd concentration, AsR: root As concentration, AsS: stem As concentration, AsL: leaf As concentration, AsG: rice As concentration, CdIP: Fe plaque Cd concentration, AsIP: Fe plaque As concentration, FeIP: Fe plaque Fe concentration, A-Cd: soil available Cd concentration, A-As: soil available As concentration, A-Fe: soil available Fe concentration.“*”,“**”and“***”are significantly correlated at P < 0.05, P < 0.01和P < 0.001 levels, respectively."

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