Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3): 125-132.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.03.017

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Effects of Three Exogenous Plant Growth Regulators on the Cold Tolerance of Maize Seedlings

Jin Zihao1(), Zhao Wenqing1, Wang Fang1,2(), Wang Wei1,2, Peng Yunling1,2, Chang Fangguo1,2   

  1. 1College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
    2Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science / Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement & Germlplasm Enhancement, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
  • Received:2024-01-23 Revised:2024-05-15 Online:2025-06-15 Published:2025-06-03

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Abstract:

Using maize low-temperature sensitive inbred line T165 as the test material, different concentrations of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and strigolactone (SL) were treated to determine 12 growth physiological indicators related to seedling cold tolerance, and the comprehensive differences among different treatments were compared under the simulated low-temperature stress at 10 °C. The results showed that 5-ALA at concentrations of 1-30 mg/L, MeJA at concentrations of 0.1-20.0 mg/L, and SL at concentrations of 0.05-0.40 mg/L could promote the accumulation of substances in the aboveground and underground parts of maize seedlings under low temperature, as well as the metabolism of osmoregulators, enhancing the stability of the cytoplasmic membrane. The sustained release effect showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with concentration. Principal component analysis showed that the optimal slow-release concentration of 5-ALA under low temperature stress was 20 mg/L, and the comprehensive evaluation value (D) was 2.72; The optimal sustained release concentration of MeJA under low temperature stress is 1.0 mg/L, and D was 2.24; The optimal slow-release concentration of SL under low temperature stress was 0.30 mg/L, and the D was 3.01.

Key words: Maize, Low temperature stress, Exogenous substance, Alleviation effect

Table 1

Experimental treatments"

处理
Treatment		 浓度Concentration (mg/L) 温度
Temperature (℃)
5-ALA MeJA SL
NT 0 0.0 0.00 25
H0 0 0.0 0.00 10
H1 1 0.1 0.05 10
H2 5 1.0 0.10 10
H3 10 5.0 0.20 10
H4 20 10.0 0.30 10
H5 30 20.0 0.40 10

Table 2

Effects of exogenous 5-ALA, MeJA, and SL on the growth of maize seedlings under low temperature stress"

外源物质Exogenous substance 处理Treatment 根鲜重RFW (g) 苗长SL (cm) 苗鲜重SFW (g) 叶面积LA (cm2)
5-ALA NT 0.38±0.06a 23.33±0.60a 0.80±0.08a 9.78±0.70a
H0 0.25±0.03b 13.33±0.95d 0.38±0.01c 4.77±0.91c
H1 0.28±0.02ab 14.25±0.21cd 0.38±0.03c 4.87±0.20c
H2 0.32±0.05ab 14.35±0.47c 0.48±0.06bc 6.11±1.04bc
H3 0.33±0.07ab 16.76±1.35b 0.49±0.02bc 6.98±0.56b
H4 0.28±0.06ab 16.90±1.12b 0.57±0.10b 7.13±1.16b
H5 0.25±0.06b 15.13±1.23b 0.50±0.09bc 5.98±1.22bc
MeJA NT 0.39±0.04a 21.70±2.21a 0.78±0.10a 9.82±0.70a
H0 0.25±0.04c 12.43±0.92c 0.44±0.04c 4.96±0.90c
H1 0.28±0.06bc 13.75±0.54bc 0.52±0.06bc 5.64±0.31bc
H2 0.38±0.06ab 15.20±1.03b 0.66±0.10ac 6.76±0.80b
H3 0.32±0.04abc 14.10±0.48bc 0.56±0.05bc 5.67±0.48bc
H4 0.31±0.05abc 13.48±0.83bc 0.55±0.07bc 5.56±1.12bc
H5 0.26±0.03bc 13.13±0.71bc 0.50±0.05c 5.52±0.51bc
SL NT 0.37±0.02ab 21.83±0.57a 0.77±0.03a 9.36±0.41a
H0 0.24±0.03d 13.78±0.40d 0.44±0.02d 5.17±0.81c
H1 0.27±0.07cd 14.77±0.26cd 0.53±0.06cd 5.43±0.71c
H2 0.31±0.03bcd 15.00±0.88c 0.58±0.03c 6.04±0.86bc
H3 0.41±0.02a 16.23±0.76b 0.63±0.11bc 7.21±1.39b
H4 0.39±0.05ab 16.98±0.40b 0.71±0.05ab 7.53±0.73b
H5 0.33±0.02bc 16.40±0.39b 0.58±0.03b 7.32±0.38b

Fig.1

Effects of different exogenous hormones on antioxidant system characteristics of maize seedlings under low temperature stress Different lowercase letters represent significant difference under different treatments of the same exogenous substance (P < 0.05). The same below."

Fig.2

Effects of different exogenous substance on osmotic regulation of maize seedlings under low temperature stress"

Fig.3

Effects of different exogenous substances on membrane permeability of maize seedlings under low temperature stress"

Table 3

Eigenvalues and contribution rates of three comprehensive indexes of exogenous material treatments"

外源物质Exogenous substance 主成分PCA 特征值Eigenvalue 贡献率Contribution rate (%) 累计贡献率Cumulative contribution rate (%)
5-ALA CI (1) 4.792 59.894 59.894
CI (2) 2.058 25.728 85.622
MeJA CI (1) 4.975 62.186 62.186
CI (2) 1.646 20.572 82.757
SL CI (1) 5.073 63.413 63.413
CI (2) 1.975 24.693 88.106

Table 4

Comprehensive index coefficients [CI(x)] and score coefficients [W(x)] of the treatments of three exogenous substances"

外源物质Exogenous substance 主成分PCA SOD POD CAT SP Pro SS MDA REC
5-ALA CI (1) 0.914 0.888 0.869 0.827 0.427 0.511 -0.898 -0.691
CI (2) -0.103 0.180 0.110 -0.156 0.820 0.829 0.360 0.699
W (1) 0.417 0.406 0.397 0.378 0.195 0.234 -0.410 -0.316
W (2) -0.072 0.125 0.076 -0.109 0.572 0.578 0.251 0.487
MeJA CI (1) 0.912 0.923 0.937 -0.325 -0.873 -0.960 -0.659 0.434
CI (2) 0.230 0.243 -0.160 -0.846 0.218 0.092 0.727 0.456
W (1) 0.409 0.414 0.420 -0.146 -0.391 -0.431 -0.296 0.194
W (2) 0.180 0.190 -0.125 -0.659 0.170 0.071 0.567 0.356
SL CI (1) 0.876 0.828 0.932 0.639 0.538 0.571 -0.914 -0.944
CI (2) -0.332 -0.377 -0.206 0.602 0.765 0.785 0.253 0.231
W (1) 0.389 0.368 0.414 0.284 0.239 0.253 -0.406 -0.419
W (2) -0.237 -0.268 -0.147 0.429 0.544 0.558 0.180 0.164

Table 5

Principal component scores (F), weight (IW), comprehensive evaluation values (D)"

外源物质Exogenous substance 处理Treatment 主成分得分F (1) 主成分得分F (2) 综合评价值D 排名Ranking
5-ALA NT 1.443 -2.542 0.2475 4
H0 -3.799 0.055 -2.6428 7
H1 -1.457 0.349 -0.9152 6
H2 0.013 0.394 0.1273 5
H3 1.448 1.281 1.3979 2
H4 3.120 1.794 2.7222 1
H5 1.443 -2.542 0.5932 3
权重 0.700 0.300
MeJA NT 1.158 -2.526 0.0528 3
H0 -3.409 0.279 -2.3026 7
H1 0.445 -0.151 0.2662 4
H2 2.746 1.051 2.2375 1
H3 1.074 0.426 0.8796 2
H4 -0.557 0.138 -0.3485 5
H5 -1.782 -0.383 -1.3623 6
权重 0.776 0.224
SL NT 1.098 -2.524 0.0114 4
H0 -4.065 0.289 -2.7588 7
H1 -1.862 0.360 -1.1954 6
H2 -1.196 1.007 -0.5351 5
H3 0.508 1.617 0.8407 2
H4 3.572 1.686 3.0062 1
H5 0.647 0.566 0.6227 3
权重 0.751 0.249
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