Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 206-213.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.04.026

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Effects of CaCl2 on Growth and Physiology of Flax Seedlings Under Water Stress

Chu Peiyu1(), Han Xicai1, Wang Pan1, Li Duo2, Zhu Hao1, Jin Xijun3, Song Xinling1, Cao Hongxun1, Xia Zunmin1(), Wang Xiaonan1()   

  1. 1Daqing Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, China
    2Daqing Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Daqing 163411, Heilongjiang, China
    3College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163000, Heilongjiang, China
  • Received:2025-02-20 Revised:2025-04-22 Online:2025-08-15 Published:2025-08-12

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Abstract:

In order to investigate the effects of exogenous CaCl2 on the growth and physiology of flax seedlings under water stress, there are six different CaCl2 concentrations were set up, including 0 (CK), 1 (Ca1), 3 (Ca3), 6 (Ca6), 12 (Ca12) and 24 mmol/L (Ca24). The pot water control method was adopted and the root application treatment was carried out at the fir stage. The results showed that, compared with CK, the ranges of increase in various morphological parameters of flax under stress by Ca6 and Ca12 treatments were 27.10%-108.44% (drought) and 15.13%-66.29% (waterlogging). Both Ca6 and Ca12 treatments reduced the superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities of flax at the end of stress, while increased the phenylalnine ammonialyase and catalase (CAT) activities under drought stress and increased the CAT activity and reducing the PAL activity under waterlogging stress. Compared with CK, Ca6 and Ca12 treatments significantly reduced the contents of superoxide anion, malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide under drought stress and waterlogging stress, with the reduction ranges being 24.14%-98.18% (drought) and 25.16%-76.17% (waterlogging), respectively. The coefficient of variation analysis showed that the combined effects of Ca6 treatment were 20.07 (drought) and 25.11 (water flooding), respectively. Membership function analysis showed that the average scores of Ca6 treatment were the highest, 0.75 (drought) and 0.63 (water flooding), respectively. In conclusion, 6 and 12 mmol/L CaCl2 pretreatment of flax seedlings can effectively alleviate the adverse effects of water stress on the morphology and physiology of flax seedlings, and 6 mmol/L CaCl2 is the most suitable concentration for pretreatment. At the same time, this study also proved that the optimal concentration of CaCl2 to alleviate drought and flooding stress is the same concentration.

Key words: CaCl2, Water stress, Flax seedling, Resistance physiology, Morphology

Fig.1

Effects of CaCl2 on morphology of flax seedling under drought and water flooding stress"

Fig.2

Effects of CaCl2 on the fresh weight of aboveground and underground of flax seedling under water stress Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among the treatments (P < 0.05), the same below."

Table 1

Effects of CaCl2 on morphogenetic indexes of flax seedling under water stress"

处理
Treatment		 干旱胁迫Drought stress 水淹胁迫Water flooding stress
株高
Plant height
(cm)		 茎粗
Stem diameter
(mm)		 根粗
Root diameter
(mm)		 叶片数
Leaf
number		 株高
Plant height
(cm)		 茎粗
Stem diameter
(mm)		 根粗
Root diameter
(mm)		 叶片数
Leaf
number
CK 10.70±0.14d 0.84±0.02c 0.94±0.01c 20.10±0.35c 15.20±0.21b 1.10±0.02a 1.26±0.03b 32.40±0.48c
Ca1 11.80±0.22c 0.92±0.02bc 1.01±0.02bc 23.90±0.72b 15.30±0.18b 1.03±0.02ab 1.21±0.04b 32.10±0.47c
Ca3 11.90±0.21c 1.00±0.02b 1.07±0.02b 23.70±0.44b 17.00±0.14a 1.00±0.02ab 1.31±0.04ab 36.00±0.54b
Ca6 13.30±0.12ab 1.06±0.03a 1.09±0.01b 27.80±0.42a 16.90±0.13a 0.94±0.02b 1.32±0.05ab 38.70±0.76a
Ca12 13.60±0.22a 1.10±0.02a 1.09±0.02b 27.50±0.80a 17.50±0.37a 0.96±0.02ab 1.46±0.05a 36.00±0.43b
Ca24 12.60±0.22b 0.99±0.02b 1.24±0.02a 24.30±0.67b 17.00±0.18a 0.97±0.02ab 1.18±0.03b 36.30±0.33b

Table 2

Effects of CaCl2 on the activity of physiological resistance enzymes of flax seedling to drought and water flooding stress"

处理
Treatment		 干旱胁迫Drought stress 水淹胁迫Water flooding stress
SOD
(U/g FW)		 POD
[U/(g·min) FW]		 CAT
[U/(g·min) FW]		 PAL
[mg/(g·h) FW]		 SOD
(U/g FW)		 POD
[U/(g·min) FW]		 CAT
[U/(g·min) FW]		 PAL
[mg/(g·h) FW]
CK 99.37±1.33a 824.41±7.27a 137.37±26.60bc 11.85±0.96c 96.70±4.79a 1100.05±43.70a 32.15±3.68c 25.00±1.01a
Ca1 80.63±8.97ab 795.65±67.90ab 129.05±12.70bc 19.93±1.04b 74.27±1.47b 1077.93±43.20a 132.89±8.16b 21.65±1.76ab
Ca3 61.51±3.16b 558.39±47.90c 151.39±7.09ab 19.74±1.00b 50.03±4.18c 948.44±37.00ab 138.30±1.28b 19.24±4.13ab
Ca6 67.27±2.42b 568.04±3.49c 162.94±35.30ab 26.90±0.51a 28.31±2.36d 672.47±35.40c 226.23±33.30a 18.94±1.66b
Ca12 62.89±2.57b 672.39±25.60ab 291.60±62.10a 24.82±1.00a 54.32±1.77c 663.42±36.10c 146.96±16.70b 18.64±0.79b
Ca24 72.91±2.64b 614.46±40.70bc 50.93±5.03c 19.56±0.50b 74.91±5.95b 878.43±40.40b 47.33±12.50c 20.98±1.59ab

Fig.3

Effects of CaCl2 on peroxidation of flax membrane lipid under water stress"

Fig.4

Comprehensive analysis of morphological and physiological indexes of flax seedlings under water stress induced by CaCl2 (a) Coefficient of variation between CaCl2 concentration and morphological and physiological indicators, (b) Correlation between morphological and physiological indicators. TFW: total fresh weight, FWA: fresh weight of aboveground, FWU: fresh weight of underground, PH: plant height, LN: leaf number, SD: stem diameter, RD: root diameter. The same below."

Fig.5

Membership function analysis of morphological and physiological indices of flax seedlings under water stress induced by CaCl2"

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