Crops ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (6): 135-142.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2023.06.019

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Effects of Different Water Stress and Rehydration at Seedling Stage on Antioxidant Properties and Yield of Soybean

Zhou Xu(), He Xiaolei, Cao Liang, Li Duo, Fu Chenye, Zhang Mingcong, Zhang Yuxian, Wang Mengxue()   

  1. College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, China
  • Received:2022-02-19 Revised:2023-05-08 Online:2023-12-15 Published:2023-12-15

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Abstract:

In order to explore the theory of water-saving irrigation and high yield of soybean in Heilongjiang province, the effects of seedling stage (V1) water stress and rehydration treatment on the antioxidant characteristics of leaves and yield of Suinong 26 (drought sensitive) and Heinong 54 (drought resistant) were studied. The results showed that, compared with the control (normal water supply, 70% of field capacity), water stress and rehydration at V1 stage could improve the activity of antioxidant enzymes in leaves. Among them, the activity of superoxide dismutase in Suinong 26 with the treatment of rehydration after 15d of V1 stage water control and 60% of field capacity (T1) increased by 35.11%, and that in Heinong 54 with treatment of rehydration after 15d of V1 stage water control and 50% of field capacity (T2) increased by 32.40%. At the same time, different degrees of water stress at V1 stage led to the decrease of dry matter accumulation in various organs of soybean plant, but increased rapidly after rehydration, which was higher than that of the control, resulting in compensation effect. The results of yield measurement showed that, moderate water deficit and rehydration at V1 stage were conducive to the increase of soybean yield. In 2020, the yield of Suinong 26 with T1 treatment was the highest, 30.10% higher than the control, and that of Heinong 54 with T2 treatment was the highest. The change trend of yield in 2021 was consistent with that in 2020. Therefore, the yield of soybean can be improved by controlling water and rewatering at V1 stage.

Key words: Antioxidant properties, Enzyme activity, Yield, Water stress

Fig.1

Effects of different water stress and rehydration treatment on SOD activity of soybean leaves at seedling stage Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference (P < 0.05) between different treatments of the same factor. The same below"

Fig.2

Effects of different water stress and rehydration treatment on POD activity of soybean leaves at seedling stage"

Fig.3

Effects of different water stress and rehydration treatment on CAT activity in soybean leaves at seedling stage"

Fig.4

Effects of different water stress and rehydration treatment on MDA content of soybean leaves at seedling stage"

Table 1

Effects of different water stress and rehydration treatment on soybean dry matter accumulation at seedling stage g"

时期
Stage		 处理
Treatment		 茎Stem 叶Blade 荚皮Pod skin 籽粒Grain
S H S H S H S H
复水前
Before rehydration		 CK 2.01±0.13b 2.29±0.03a 2.42±0.15b 2.56±0.06a － － － －
T1 2.35±0.08a 2.06±0.06b 2.70±0.10a 2.38±0.06b － － － －
T2 1.20±0.03c 1.01±0.07c 1.51±0.04c 1.35±0.05c － － － －
T3 1.13±0.03c 0.72±0.02d 1.33±0.04d 0.90±0.03d － － － －
复水后
After rehydration		 CK 2.92±0.08b 4.00±0.07a 3.10±0.07b 3.78±0.07a － － － －
T1 3.10±0.07a 3.67±0.03b 3.38±0.06a 3.79±0.04a － － － －
T2 2.26±0.08c 1.82±0.07c 2.67±0.03c 2.18±0.08b － － － －
T3 1.44±0.06d 0.76±0.03d 1.79±0.05d 0.91±0.07c － － － －
盛花期
Full flowering		 CK 5.44±0.09a 5.85±0.13a 5.01±0.05b 5.63±0.09a － － － －
T1 5.28±0.05b 5.53±0.05b 5.35±0.07a 5.22±0.10b － － － －
T2 3.98±0.07c 4.83±0.07c 4.44±0.05c 4.76±0.04c － － － －
T3 2.41±0.05d 2.79±0.02d 2.88±0.05d 3.20±0.08d － － － －
结荚期
Pod setting		 CK 11.07±0.07a 10.20±0.05a 6.63±0.03a 8.05±0.07c 5.49±0.04a 3.19±0.19a 0.22±0.20ab －
T1 8.03±0.10b 7.47±0.33b 6.37±0.08b 8.75±0.07a 4.94±0.01b 3.24±0.06a 0.36±0.02a 0.03±0.05a
T2 6.18±0.02c 6.44±0.10c 5.69±0.11c 8.49±0.06b 2.42±0.02c 1.72±0.09b 0.17±0.01ab －
T3 5.58±0.03d 5.42±0.05d 6.78±0.23a 7.44±0.20d 0.86±0.03d 1.46±0.10c 0.04±0.06b －
鼓粒期
Grain bulging		 CK 12.88±0.65a 10.61±0.28a 9.15±0.03a 9.06±0.06a 8.57±0.15a 5.73±0.04b 10.44±0.12a 9.74±0.43a
T1 10.22±0.59b 8.73±0.14b 7.25±0.05b 8.38±0.08b 7.15±0.10b 6.03±0.12a 8.69±0.04b 8.83±0.17b
T2 7.46±0.06c 6.51±0.05d 5.83±0.09c 6.33±0.08c 6.70±0.11c 4.73±0.19d 8.20±0.27b 5.07±0.08c
T3 7.73±0.03c 8.36±0.13c 5.87±0.05c 6.15±0.10d 5.82±0.05d 5.21±0.08c 4.75±0.49c 5.36±0.16c
完熟期
Maturity		 CK 12.94±0.21a 10.81±0.15a 10.26±0.34a 9.29±0.11a 8.71±0.14a 8.03±0.19a 13.40±0.20b 12.76±0.07bc
T1 10.27±0.22b 8.77±0.19b 7.63±0.14b 8.49±0.15b 7.24±0.17b 7.37±0.34b 14.68±0.20a 12.98±0.06ab
T2 7.63±0.21c 6.63±0.15c 5.79±0.13c 6.57±0.15c 6.76±0.18c 5.94±0.48c 12.84±0.17c 13.19±0.06a
T3 7.78±0.16c 8.66±0.19b 5.73±0.18c 6.34±0.11d 5.90±0.16d 5.44±0.31d 12.75±0.30c 12.55±0.61d

Table 2

Effects of different water stress and rehydration treatment on soybean yield and its components at seedling stage"

年份
Year		 品种
Variety		 处理
Treatment		 节数
Number of sections		 单株荚数
Pods per plant		 单株荚重
Pod weight per plant (g)		 单株粒数
Grains per plant		 单株产量
Yield per plant (g)
2020 S CK 16.70±0.67a 19.10±1.20b 3.94±0.36b 46.70±6.02b 8.97±0.72b
T1 17.00±0.67a 25.90±2.23a 5.46±0.38a 65.80±2.25a 12.84±0.48a
T2 15.40±0.70b 19.00±1.76b 3.75±0.34bc 45.90±2.64b 8.70±0.29b
T3 14.70±0.67c 17.70±1.16b 3.50±0.27c 39.90±2.38c 7.17±0.31c
H CK 16.40±0.70b 32.20±1.99b 4.82±0.36b 56.00±2.71c 11.94±0.50b
T1 17.00±0.82ab 30.70±0.67c 4.88±0.23b 62.50±1.58b 10.56±0.55c
T2 17.40±0.97a 33.80±1.87a 5.57±0.22a 70.80±1.75a 12.95±0.46a
T3 15.30±0.82c 24.40±0.97d 4.19±0.18c 44.30±1.83d 8.60±0.55d
2021 S CK 16.67±0.87ab 32.22±1.20a 8.71±0.14a 67.89±2.93b 13.40±0.20b
T1 17.11±0.93a 33.44±2.07a 7.24±0.17b 71.33±3.28a 14.68±0.20a
T2 16.00±1.12ab 28.67±1.22b 6.76±0.18c 65.89±2.32bc 12.84±0.17c
T3 15.78±0.97b 27.78±1.79b 5.90±0.16d 64.33±2.65c 12.75±0.30c
H CK 15.44±0.53a 26.78±2.22a 8.03±0.19a 44.78±2.68c 12.76±0.07bc
T1 15.67±0.71a 27.00±2.69a 7.37±0.34b 49.33±2.50b 12.98±0.06ab
T2 16.00±0.50a 29.00±1.22b 5.94±0.48c 55.44±1.74a 13.19±0.06a
T3 14.67±0.50b 23.22±1.56c 5.44±0.31d 42.11±1.17d 12.55±0.61c
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