Crops ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (1): 117-123.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2020.01.019

Previous Articles     Next Articles

Study on the Difference of Nutrient Absorption between Winter Rape Cultivars at Early Maturity and Conventional Maturity

Hu Yuqian,Zi Tao,Xiong Tinghao,Zhang Zhenhua,Song Haixing()   

  1. School of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University/National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources/Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resource Utilization/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition in Hunan Province, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
  • Received:2019-07-05 Revised:2019-10-22 Online:2020-02-15 Published:2020-02-23
  • Contact: Haixing Song E-mail:shx723@163.com

RichHTML

5

PDF (PC)

309

Abstract:

Difference of dry matter accumulation and nutrient absorption between early maturing cultivars (Xiangyou 420 and Xiangyou 642) and conventional mature cultivars (Xiangyou 1035, hybrid rape Xiangzayou 710×1035) of rape in the triple cropping area of South China, and to provide a basis for fertilization under rice-rice-rapeseed cropping system was explored in this study. A field experiment was conducted in Hunan Hengyang in winter 2017 to spring 2018 years. There was no significant difference in yield and yield harvest index between early maturing winter rapeseed cultivars and conventional mature winter rapeseed cultivars. For the early maturing winter rapeseed cultivars, the accumulation proportion of dry matter and phosphorus element was the largest in anthesis to silique stage, about 79.9%-80.0%, 69.3%-79.5% respectively, and the accumulation of nitrogen, potassium was the largest in anthesis, about 46.8%-47.7%, 39.9%-52.3% respectively. For the conventional mature winter rapeseed cultivars, the accumulation proportion of dry matter, phosphorus and potassium was the largest in the anthesis, about 37.1%-38.6%, 44.1%-49.3%, 32.8%-36.2% respectively, the maximum accumulation rate of nitrogen in seedling stage was about 48.6%-73.9%. Compared with the conventional mature winter rapeseed cultivars, the peak absorption of dry matter and nutrients by early maturing winter rapeseed cultivars was delayed, and the accumulation of dry matter and P, K nutrients was mostly concentrated in anthesis to silique stage. The nutrient accumulation of winter rape increased with the increase of dry matter accumulation. The growth period of early maturing winter rapeseed cultivars was 185d shorter than that of conventional mature winter rapeseed cultivars which lasted 200d, which could alleviate the contradiction of stubble during rice-rape rotation. The accumulation of nutrients of N and P in harvest period was significantly higher than that of conventional mature winter rapeseed cultivars, and the nutrient accumulation characteristics of N, P, K was suitable for slow and controlled release fertilizers. Because of the short growth period and high nutrient accumulation, there are seasonal advantages and nutrient accumulation advantages in planting early maturing winter rapeseed cultivars in the triple cropping area of the South China.

Key words: Early-maturity winter rape, Dry matter, Nutrient element, Absorption regularity

Table 1

Comparison of dry matter and nutrient accumulation between two kinds of winter rape cultivars at harvest stage kg/hm2"

品种Cultivar 总干物质Total dry matter 籽粒产量Oilseed yield 氮Nitrogen 磷Phosphorus 钾Potassium
湘油420 Xiangyou 420 12 412ab 3 433a 134.1a 31.7a 302.4a
湘油642 Xiangyou 642 09 685b 2 187b 117.4b 28.4ab 248.9b
湘油1035 Xiangyou 1035 13 427a 3 180a 109.1b 27.4ab 322.7a
湘杂油710×1035 Xiangzayou 710×1035 11 326ab 2 688ab 093.5c 23.5b 303.1a

Table 2

Yield and nutrient yield indexes of two kinds of winter rape cultivars at harvest stage %"

品种Cultivar 籽粒产量
Oilseed yield		 氮
Nitrogen		 磷
Phosphorus		 钾
Potassium
湘油420
Xiangyou 420		 27.7a 74.5b 77.8ab 12.7a
湘油642
Xiangyou 642		 22.4b 69.7c 66.6c 9.7b
湘油1035
Xiangyou 1035		 23.7ab 80.8a 76.3b 10.3b
湘杂油710×1035
Xiangzayou 710×1035		 23.7ab 78.8a 82.2a 7.2c

Fig.1

Dry matter accumulation dynamics and net increment variance between winter rape cultivars at early maturity and conventional maturity Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among treatments at 0.05 level. The same below"

Fig.2

Nitrogen accumulation dynamics and net increment variance between winter rape cultivars at early maturity and conventional maturity"

Fig.3

Phosphorus accumulation dynamics and net increment variance between winter rape cultivars at early maturity and conventional maturity"

Fig.4

Potassium accumulation dynamics and net increment variance between winter rape cultivars at early maturity and conventional maturity"

[1] 陈浩, 官春云, 刘忠松 , 等. 早熟油菜湘油420的选育. 作物研究, 2016,30(3):271-273.
[2] 王汉中 . 以新需求为导向的油菜产业发展战略. 中国油料作物学报, 2018,40(5):613-617.
[3] 张尧锋, 余华胜, 曾孝元 , 等. 早熟甘蓝型油菜研究进展及其应用. 植物遗传资源学报, 2019,20(2):258-266.
[4] Ren T, Bu R Y, Liao S P , et al. Differences in soil nitrogen transformation and the related seed yield of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) under paddy-upland and continuous upland rotations. Soil and Tillage Research, 2019,192:206-214.
[5] 卜容燕, 任涛, 廖世鹏 , 等. 不同轮作和氮肥分配季节下土壤氮素供应和油菜氮素吸收差异. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2019,25(3):412-420.
[6] 龙莉, 杨旭初, 熊斌 , 等. 冬作物秸秆还田对双季稻产量和土壤肥力的影响. 作物研究,2019(2):104-109.
[7] 余垚颖, 莫太相, 刘金丹 , 等. 四川油菜NPK吸收利用规律及肥料利用率研究. 中国农学通报, 2018,34(10):35-42.
[8] 曹金华, 王建平, 朱家成 , 等. 双低杂交油菜‘丰油10号’干物质积累及养分吸收规律. 中国农学通报, 2017,33(34):32-39.
[9] 刘晓伟, 鲁剑巍, 李小坤 , 等. 直播冬油菜干物质积累及氮磷钾养分的吸收利用. 中国农业科学, 2011,44(23):4823-4832.
[10] 邹娟, 鲁剑巍, 刘锐林 , 等. 4个双低甘蓝型油菜品种干物质积累及养分吸收动态. 华中农业大学学报,2008(2):229-234.
[11] 刘宝林, 邹小云, 宋来强 , 等. 早熟油菜不同生育时期对肥料氮的吸收和分配. 江西农业大学学报, 2018,40(2):323-329.
[12] 田昌, 谭太龙, 杨勇 , 等. 包膜肥对早熟油菜产量及养分利用的影响. 湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2014,40(1):78-82.
[13] 刘宝林, 邹小云, 宋来强 , 等. 氮肥用量对迟直播早熟油菜产量及氮素利用效率的影响. 中国油料作物学报, 2015,37(6):852-861.
[14] 孙娟娟 . 氮素对油菜物质积累及生理代谢影响的研究. 武汉:华中农业大学, 2006.
[15] 鲍士旦 . ,土壤农化分析(第三版),. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2000.
[16] 刘晓伟 . 冬油菜养分吸收规律及不同养分效率品种特征比较研究. 武汉:华中农业大学, 2011.
[17] 高建芹, 浦惠明 . 杂交油菜宁杂1号干物质积累与氮磷钾吸收规律. 江苏农业科学,2001(5):29-31,34.
[18] 王必庆, 王国槐 . 油菜早熟性研究进展. 作物研究, 2009,23(5):336-338.
[19] 祝平洋, 江煜, 潘涛 , 等. 早熟油菜新品种在衡阳县田间试验表现. 作物研究, 2018,32(3):191-193.
[20] 黄益国, 张学昆, 张毅 , 等. 早熟与中熟油菜品种的性状差异比较. 作物研究, 2016,30(4):393-396.
[21] Szczepaniak W . A mineral profile of winter oilseed rape in critical stages of growth-nitrogen. Journal of Elementology, 2014,19(3):759-777.
[22] 鲁剑巍, 任涛, 丛日环 , 等. 我国油菜施肥状况及施肥技术研究展望. 中国油料作物学报, 2018,40(5):712-720.
[23] 朱洪勋, 李贵宝, 张翔 , 等. 高产油菜营养吸收规律及施用氮磷钾对产量和品质的影响. 土壤肥料,1995(5):34-37.
[24] 杨勇, 刘强, 宋海星 , 等. 氮磷钾配比对油菜养分吸收、碳氮代谢产物和籽粒产量的影响. 浙江农业学报, 2012,24(1):99-104.
[25] 孙家刚, 左青松, 石剑飞 , 等. 油菜籽粒中钾素积累过程的初步研究. 中国油料作物学报,2007(4):448-451.
[26] 王强, 虢慧 . 不同播期下油菜叶面积指数及干物质积累与产量的关系. 作物研究, 2016,30(1):4-7.
[27] Malhi S S, Johnston A M, Schoenau J J , et al. Seasonal biomass accumulation and nutrient uptake of canola,mustard,and flax on a black chernozem soil in saskatchewan. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 2007,30(4):641-658.
[28] Wang Y, Liu T, Li X K , et al. Nutrient deficiency limits population development,yield formation,and nutrient uptake of direct sown winter oilseed rape. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2015,14(4):670-680.
[29] 丁武汉, 谢海宽, 徐驰 , 等. 一次性施肥技术对水稻-油菜轮作系统氮素淋失特征及经济效益的影响. 应用生态学报, 2019,30(4):1097-1109.
[1] Gao Jie,Li Qingfeng,Li Xiaorong,Feng Guangcai,Peng Qiu. Analysis of the Characteristics of Dry Matter Production and Light Energy Utilization of Waxy Sorghum Applied in Different Eras in Guizhou Province [J]. Crops, 2020, 36(1): 41-46.
[2] Li Jiming,Li Aiguo,Jia Yingquan,Song Congmin,Liu Guihua,Xu Guizhen,Li Heping. Effects of Plant Spacing on Growth and Yield of Oil Sunflower under Mechanized Cultivation Conditions [J]. Crops, 2019, 35(6): 71-75.
[3] Ren Yongfeng,Lu Zhanyuan,Zhao Peiyi,Gao Yu,Liu Guanghua,Li Yanfang. Effects of Different Planting Methods on Water Utilization and Yield of Potato in Dryland [J]. Crops, 2019, 35(5): 120-124.
[4] Jiang Lina,Zhang Yawen,Zhu Yalin,Zhao Lingxiao. Effects of Nitrogen Application on Dry Matter Accumulation, Transport and Yield in Different Wheat Varieties [J]. Crops, 2019, 35(5): 151-158.
[5] Duan Licheng,Guo Ruige,Zhang Kun,Zhang Qiming,Liu Dan,Yang Aiping,Gui Baoyu,Jin Guohua,Cai Zhe. Effects of Different Sowing Dates on Dry Matter Accumulation of Direct-Seeded Early Rice [J]. Crops, 2019, 35(5): 186-191.
[6] Ma Yifeng,Liang Qian,Ge Junzhu,Xin Decai. Comparison of Yield Formation Between Winter Wheat Jimai 22 and Spring Wheat Jinqiang 8 [J]. Crops, 2019, 35(5): 192-195.
[7] Zhang Haibin,Meng Meilian,Liu Kunyu,Zhang Lingxiang,Chen Youjun. Effects of Different Rotation Patterns on Dry Matter Accumulation, Disease Occurrence and Yield of Potato [J]. Crops, 2019, 35(4): 170-175.
[8] Qian Liang,Wenya Liu,Junzhu Ge,Ming Zhao,Haipeng Hou,Yong′an Yang,Decai Xin. Regulation Effects of Narrow-Double Row Precision Sowing with Subsoiling on Yield in Summer Maize [J]. Crops, 2019, 35(1): 111-115.
[9] Jinghong Tan,Luping Zhang,Qixia Wu,Jianqiang Zhu,Zaizhen Zhang. Comparative Research on the Effects of Reducing Nitrogen from Different Fertilizers on Cotton [J]. Crops, 2019, 35(1): 134-140.
[10] Duan Junjun,Liu Qingfeng,Ren Chunyuan,Yu Song,Yu Lihe,Guo Wei, ,Liang Haiyun. Effects of Different Cultivation Patterns and Densities on Yield and Dry Matter Accumulation of Common Bean [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(6): 110-115.
[11] Sui Yanghui,Gao Jiping,Liu Caihong,Xu Zhengjin,Wang Yanbo,Zhao Haiyan. Effects of Straw Incorporation Modes on Rice Photosynthesis, Dry Matter Accumulation and Nitrogen Uptake in Cool Region of Northeast China [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(5): 137-143.
[12] Baoquan Quan,Dongmei Bai,Yuexia Tian,Yunyun Xue. Effects of Different Leaf-Peg Ratio on Photosynthesis and Yield of Peanut [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 102-105.
[13] Na Shang,Zhongxu Yang,Qiuzhi Li,Huihui Yin,Shihong Wang,Haitao Li,Tong Li,Han Zhang. Response of Cotton with Vegetative Branches to Plant Density in the Western of Shandong Province [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 143-148.
[14] Yajun Liu,Qiguo Hu,Fengli Chu,Wenjing Wang,Aimei Yang. Effects of Different Cultivation Methods and Planting Densities on the Yield and Storage Root Tuberization of Sweet Potato cv. "Shangshu 9" [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 89-94.
[15] Jiao Zhang,Qi Wu,Yufei Zhou,Yitao Wang,Ruidong Zhang,Ruidong Huang. Effects of Drought and Rewatering at Seedling and Filling Stages on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Dry Matter Production of Sorghum [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(3): 148-154.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] Guangcai Zhao,Xuhong Chang,Demei Wang,Zhiqiang Tao,Yanjie Wang,Yushuang Yang,Yingjie Zhu. General Situation and Development of Wheat Production[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 1 -7 .
[2] Ruiqi Ma,Zhen Qi,Xuhong Chang,Demei Wang,Zhiqiang Tao,Yushuang Yang,Jinfeng Feng,Min Sun,Guangcai Zhao. Regulation Effects of Growth Regulators on Plant Characters, Yield and Quality of Winter Wheat[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(1): 133 -140 .
[3] Wenhui Huang, Hui Wang, Desheng Mei. Research Progress on Lodging Resistance of Crops[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 13 -19 .
[4] Yun Zhao,Cailong Xu,Xu Yang,Suzhen Li,Jing Zhou,Jicun Li,Tianfu Han,Cunxiang Wu. Effects of Sowing Methods on Seedling Stand and Production Profit of Summer Soybean under Wheat-Soybean System[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 114 -120 .
[5] Mei Lu,Min Sun,Aixia Ren,Miaomiao Lei,Lingzhu Xue,Zhiqiang Gao. Effects of Spraying Foliar Fertilizers on Dryland Wheat Growth and the Correlation with Yield Formation[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 121 -125 .
[6] . [J]. Crops, 2007, 23(6): 35 -37 .
[7] . [J]. Crops, 2008, 24(4): 93 -95 .
[8] Jingwen Fang,Yan Wu,Zhihua Liu. Effects of Salt Stress on Seed Germination and Physiological Characteristics of Apocynum venetum[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 167 -174 .
[9] Huiqin Wen,Tianling Cheng,Ziyou Pei,Xue Li,Lisheng Zhang,Mei Zhu. Analysis of Comprehensive Characteristics of Wheat Varieties Registered in Shanxi Province in Recent Years[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 32 -36 .
[10] Haiyan Liang, Hai Li, Fengxian Lin, Xiangyu Zhang, Zhi Zhang, Xiaoqiang Song. Field Identification of Different Broom Corn Millet Varieties Lodging Resistance and Evaluation Index Selection and Analysis[J]. Crops, 2018, 34(4): 37 -41 .