Crops ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (1): 133-140.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2018.01.021

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Regulation Effects of Growth Regulators on Plant Characters, Yield and Quality of Winter Wheat

Ma Ruiqi1,2,Qi Zhen2,Chang Xuhong2,Wang Demei2,Tao Zhiqiang2,Yang Yushuang2,Feng Jinfeng3,Sun Min1,Zhao Guangcai2   

  1. 1 College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
    2 Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology Ministry of Agriculture, P.R.China, Beijing 100081, China
    3 Keshiketeng Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau, Chifeng 025300, Inner Mongolia, China
  • Received:2017-11-03 Revised:2018-01-02 Online:2018-02-20 Published:2018-08-24

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Abstract:

Chemical control, as an effective anti-counter productive technology in production, can regulate the crop growth process, which has an impact on crop yield formation and quality formation. In order to explore the regulation effect of different kinds of chemical regulators on the yield, quality formation and plant characters of winter wheat, the wheat cultivars Zhongmai No.8 and Jingdong No.8 with different genetic backgrounds were used as test materials under field conditions, and different types of chemical regulators were used for chemical control in the wheat get-up period. The results showed that tamped-resistant Duntianbao, paclobutrazol and chlormequat chloride could significantly decrease plant height and gravity center height and significantly increase the mechanical properties such as bending resistance, puncture strength and compressive strength of stem base internodes, thereby significantly increased the plant lodging resistance. The responses of two winter wheat cultivars to different types of chemical regulators were different. To Zhongmai No.8, resistant Duntianbao could increase the grain yield. However, CCC, paclobutrazol and tamped-resistant Duntianbao could decrease grain yield. For Jingdong No.8, four chemical regulators all increased the protein, storage protein content, grain yield and glutenin/gliadin ratio, improving the processing quality such as flour quality parameters and gluten index.

Key words: Winter wheat, Plant growth regulator, Plant character, Yield, Quality

Table 1

Soil basic nutrient content"

土层(cm)
Soil depth		 有机质(g/kg)
Organic matter		 全氮(g/kg)
Total nitrogen		 碱解氮(mg/kg)
Nitrogen hydrolysis		 速效磷(mg/kg)
Available phosphorus		 速效钾(mg/kg)
Available potassium
0~20 28.48 1.34 107.42 21.78 265.19

Table 2

Effects of four plant growth regulators on plant height, spike length, (L1+L2)/L, and L"

品种Cultivar 处理Treatment 株高Plant height (cm) 穗长Spike length (cm) 基部节间比例(L1+L2)/L 节间总长度L (cm)
中麦8号 矮壮素 77.7c 8.3a 20.62c 70.3b
Zhongmai No.8 多效唑 77.2c 8.3a 20.77c 69.80c
抗倒型吨田宝 79.1b 8.3a 21.49b 71.2b
抗逆型吨田宝 80.6a 8.4a 22.13a 72.3a
清水 80.7a 8.3a 22.41a 72.3a
京冬8号 矮壮素 97.2c 6.4b 24.75b 90.1c
Jingdong No.8 多效唑 97.0c 6.4b 25.80b 90.7c
抗倒型吨田宝 99.1b 6.3b 26.29b 92.8b
抗逆型吨田宝 101.8a 6.3b 29.06a 96.7a
清水 103.2a 6.2b 28.94a 97.11a
化控剂Growth regulator 72.0* 1.7
品种Cultivar 818.7** 211.6
化控剂×品种Growth regulator×Cultivar 3.1* 1.0

Fig.1

Effects of different treatments on length of internodes||| L1, L2, L3, L4, and L5 indicate the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th internode from the bottom, respectively. Different letters indicate significanty difference at the 0.05 probability level. The same below"

Fig.2

Effects of different treatments on BR, CS, PS and HG||| BR. Breaking resistance; CS. Compressive strength; PS. Puncturing strength; HG. Height of gravity center"

Fig.3

Effects of different treatments on protein content and the protein components content"

Fig.4

Effects of different treatments on protein index"

Table 3

Effects of different treatments on components of yield"

品种Cultivar 处理Treatment 千粒重1000-grain weight (g) 穗数Ears (万/hm2) 穗粒数Grain per spike
中麦8号 矮壮素 35.4 637.3 33.1
Zhongmai No.8 多效唑 35.8 639.4 33.1
抗倒型吨田宝 35.6 633.1 32.5
抗逆型吨田宝 36.5 641.3 33.3
清水 36.4 642.4 32.0
京冬8号 矮壮素 44.7 547.0 30.8
Jingdong No.8 多效唑 44.7 540.6 29.5
抗倒型吨田宝 43.7 543.3 29.1
抗逆型吨田宝 42.7 539.6 29.3
清水 42.1 532.6 29.3

Fig.5

Effects of different treatments on yield of wheat"

Table 4

Effects of different treatments and cultivars on milling quality"

品种
Cultivar		 处理
Treatment		 容重(g/L)
Bulk density		 硬度
Rigidity		 出粉率(%)
Flour extraction
中麦8号 矮壮素 782b 68.5a 67.1b
Zhongmai No.8 多效唑 769c 68.7a 66.8c
抗倒型吨田宝 785ab 67.6b 67.3b
抗逆型吨田宝 788a 68.5a 68.9a
清水 770c 68.3a 67.4b
京冬8号 矮壮素 808ab 62.7b 73.6b
Jingdong No.8 多效唑 803c 62.4bc 73.2b
抗倒型吨田宝 801c 63.5a 72.3bc
抗逆型吨田宝 809ab 62.9b 74.3a
清水 811a 63.0b 73.1b

Table 5

Effects of different treatments on second processing quality"

品种
Cultivar		 处理
Treatment		 吸水率(%)
Water
absorption		 形成时间(min)
Development
time		 稳定时间(min)
Stable time		 弱化度
Softening
of dough		 粉质评价值 Farinograph
quality value		 湿面筋(%)
Wet gluten		 面筋指数(%)
Gluten index		 沉降值(mL)
Sedimentation
value
中麦8号 矮壮素 59.1b 3.1a 2.8a 54.6b 48.1a 24.8a 74.5a 24.5a
Zhongmai No. 8 多效唑 59.7a 2.9b 2.5b 58.3b 44.5b 24.6a 72.2a 24.3ab
抗倒型吨田宝 59.1b 2.7b 2.4b 66.3a 39.7b 24.0a 66.0b 23.8bc
抗逆型吨田宝 59.2b 2.8b 2.4b 67.7a 40.0b 24.2a 65.0b 23.8bc
清水 59.2b 2.8b 2.5b 68.3a 39.3b 24.9a 63.3b 24.0b
京冬8号 矮壮素 62.3a 3.3ab 2.4ab 44.0c 49.3bc 38.2a 57.3bc 33.8bc
Jingdong No.8 多效唑 62.3a 3.3ab 2.5ab 42.0c 50.3b 37.4b 57.5bc 34.5a
抗倒型吨田宝 61.9b 3.3ab 2.4ab 43.0c 50.0b 38.0a 59.0b 33.5c
抗逆型吨田宝 62.1a 3.5a 2.7a 47.0b 52.7a 37.7b 59.9a 34.5a
清水 61.6b 3.2b 2.4b 48.3a 48.7a 37.1c 56.2c 34.0b
化控剂Growth regulator 3.3* 3.4* 3.1* 118.0** 125.0** 12.0** 3.0* 2.0
品种Cultivar 13.1** 23.6** 8.3** 532.2** 873.3** 187.5** 5.6** 201.6**
化控剂×品种Growth regulator×Cultivar 0.6 2.5* 3.0* 0.9 23.2** 1.0 1.4 1.5
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