Crops ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (6): 101-107.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2023.06.014

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Study on the Grain Formation in Wheat Spike Regulated by Ethephon and 1-Methylcyclopropene

Zhang Rong1(), Jiang Enxi1, Chen Si1, Yu Xurun1, Chen Gang1, Ran Liping2(), Xiong Fei1   

  1. 1Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
    2Guangling College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2022-08-08 Revised:2023-09-28 Online:2023-12-15 Published:2023-12-15

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Abstract:

The spring wheat Yangmai 15 was used to explore the effects of ethylene on spike development and grain formation of wheat, wheat plants were treated with ethephon and ethylene receptor inhibitor 1- methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) at the stage of anther interval. The process of spike development and grain formation in different parts of spike before and after ethephon and 1-MCP treatment were explored by using grain morphology observation and spike character analysis. The results showed that, ethephon had no significant effects on the degeneration process of wheat floret, while 1-MCP significantly reduced the degeneration rate of wheat floret. Ethephon could promote grain maturation, accelerate grain development and reduce grain volume; 1-MCP could delay the growth of wheat, promote the growth of caryopsis and increase grain volume. Ethephon significantly decreased the plant height, the number of grains in the upper part of each spike, grain weight of the upper part of each spike and 1000-grain weight of wheat. The number of spikelets, grains per spike, and grains per spike were also significantly decreased at high concentration of ethephon. The 1-MCP could significantly increase the dry and fresh weight of caryopsis, the number of spikelets, the number of grains in the middle and basal spike, the number of grains and the grain weight per spike, and finally increased 1000-grain weight.

Key words: Wheat, Ethephon, 1-MCP, Floret degeneration, Grain

Fig.1

Floret morphology of wheat sprayed with ethephon and 1-MCP Ff: fertile floret; Df: degenerate floret"

Table 1

The number of fertile florets, degenerated florets and the rate of floret degeneration per spikelet of wheat treated with ethephon and 1-MCP for 16 days"

处理
Treatment		 平均可育小花数
Average number
of fertile florets		 平均退化小花数
Average number of
degenerated florets		 小花退化率
Floret degeneration
rate (%)
CK 2.67±0.58c 3.33±0.58a 55.56±0.10a
E100 2.67±0.58c 3.33±0.58a 55.56±0.10a
E200 3.00±0.00bc 2.67±0.58ab 46.67±0.06ab
E400 3.00±0.00bc 2.67±0.58ab 46.67±0.06ab
M2 4.00±0.00a 2.00±0.00b 33.33±0.00b
M4 4.00±0.00a 2.00±0.00b 33.33±0.00b
M8 3.67±0.58ab 2.33±0.58b 38.89±0.10b

Fig.2

Changes of morphological development, length and width of wheat caryopsis after the treatment at anther connective stage"

Fig.3

Caryopsis of spikelets at the top, middle and base of wheat with different treatments"

Fig.4

Agronomic traits of wheat treated at anther connective stage Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference at 0.05 level"

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