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作物杂志,2021, 第2期: 165–172 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.02.024

• 生理生化·植物营养·栽培耕作 • 上一篇    下一篇

燕麦籽粒营养与农艺性状相关性分析

周月霞1(), 范昱1, 阮景军1, 严俊2, 赖弟利1, 彭艳1, 唐勇1, 翁文凤1, 程剑平1()   

  1. 1贵州大学麦作研究中心,520025,贵州贵阳
    2成都大学药学与生物工程学院,610106,四川成都
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-21 修回日期:2021-02-06 出版日期:2021-04-15 发布日期:2021-04-16
  • 通讯作者: 程剑平
  • 作者简介:周月霞,主要研究方向杂粮作物遗传育种,E-mail： zhouyuexiagui@hotmail.com
  • 基金资助:
    贵州省科技支撑计划项目《贵州酿酒高粱地方优良种质创新与利用》(黔科合支撑[2018]2292);国家自然科学基金(31660531);国家自然科学基金(31560578);国家国际科技合作专项项目(2013DFA32200)

Correlation Analysis of Oat Grain Nutrition and Agronomic Traits

Zhou Yuexia1(), Fan Yu1, Ruan Jingjun1, Yan Jun2, Lai Dili1, Peng Yan1, Tang Yong1, Weng Wenfeng1, Cheng Jianping1()   

  1. 1Wheat Farming Research Center, Guizhou University, Guiyang 520025, Guizhou, China
    2School of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
  • Received:2020-03-21 Revised:2021-02-06 Online:2021-04-15 Published:2021-04-16
  • Contact: Cheng Jianping

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摘要：

为了进一步发掘利用高营养物质含量的燕麦籽粒基因和种质资源,以西北农林科技大学引进的60份栽培型燕麦为研究材料,种植于四川成都金堂县和四川甘孜州康定县两个地点,对收获籽粒的6个营养指标、4个产量指标和7个农艺性状进行测定。通过对不同环境中燕麦各营养成分与农艺性状性状进行显著性差异分析、网络相关性分析及主成分分析,筛选出高品质基因型XO-1-6、XO-1-12和XO-1-16,高产基因型XO-1-16、XO-1-17和XO-1-19,而且金堂县的籽粒营养高于康定县,籽粒产量及农艺性状总体低于康定县,营养品质与产量呈负相关,与株高呈正相关,与分蘖数呈负相关,说明燕麦的营养成分和产量除了受遗传性质影响外还受环境的制约;可将17个性状综合为5个主成分。本研究为在该地区选育高品质及高产燕麦资源提供研究材料,为燕麦生产研究奠定理论基础,对燕麦品质的遗传改良具有重要的参考意义。

关键词: 燕麦, 营养性状, 农艺性状, 显著性差异分析, 网络相关性, 主成分分析

Abstract:

In order to further explore and utilize the genes and germplasm resources with high nutrient content of oat grains, 60 cultivated oats introduced by Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University were used as research materials and planted in two environments (Jintang County, Chengdu, Sichuan and Kangding County, Ganzi Prefecture, Sichuan). There were six nutritional indicators, four yield indicators, and seven agronomic traits of grains determined. Through the significant differences, network correlation analysis and principal component analysis of oats in different environments, the nutritional components, and agronomic traits were studied, high-quality genotypes XO-1-6, XO-1-12, XO-1-16, high-yielding genotypes XO-1-16, XO-1-17, XO-1-19 were selected, and the grains nutrition in Jintang County was higher than that of Kangding County, grain yield and agronomic traits were generally lower than that of Kangding County. Nutritional quality was negatively correlated with yield, and it was positively correlated with plant height but negatively correlated with tillers number, indicating that the nutrient composition and yield of oats were not only affected by genetic properties but also by the environment. Seventeen traits could be integrated into five principal components. This thesis will provide research materials for breeding high-quality and high-yield oat resources in this area, laying a theoretical foundation for oat production research, and having important reference significance for genetic improvement of oat quality.

Key words: Oats, Nutritional traits, Agronomic traits, Significant difference analysis, Network correlation, Principal component analysis

表1

燕麦籽粒农艺性状及产量性状的平均值及范围

种植地
Planting
area		 统计值
Statistic		 株高(cm)
Plant height
(PH)		 穗长(cm)
Spike length
(SL)		 旗叶长(cm)
Flag leaf
length (FL)		 旗叶宽(cm)
Flag leaf
width (FW)		 总分蘖数
Total tillers
(TT)		 有效分蘖数
Effective
tillers (ET)		 第一节长(cm)
First section
length (FS)		 单株产量(g)
Yield per
plant (YPP)		 籽粒长(cm)
Grain length
(GL)		 籽粒宽(cm)
Grain width
(GW)		 千粒重(g)
1000-grain weight (TGW)
金堂县
Jintang		 均值±标准差
Mean ± SD		 112.48±17.50 28.93±5.88 18.92±3.74 1.31±0.40 15.10±5.95 13.12±5.35 36.78±6.09 2.78±1.62 0.85±0.14 0.27±0.13 26.02±3.65
范围Range 87.10~167.80 18.90~51.80 10.80~28.60 0.60~2.30 6.70~38.00 3.50~35.00 25.3~54.2 1.12~4.94 0.68~0.96 0.22~0.30 14.62~32.33
变异系数
Variable coefficient		 0.16 0.20 0.20 0.31 0.39 0.41 0.17 0.58 0.07 0.05 0.14
康定县
Kangding		 均值±标准差
Mean ± SD		 101.24±21.95 26.29±6.17 18.33±4.13 1.86±0.42 9.70±3.14 9.00±2.83 39.96±8.02 4.11±2.53 0.86±0.64 0.29±0.15 31.24±4.42
范围Range 64.33~162.67 16.67~43.17 9.17~26.67 1.20~3.33 6.00~28.67 5.00~15.33 26.00~72.17 1.69~17.35 0.63~1.03 0.26~0.33 19.88~42.24
变异系数
Variable coefficient		 0.22 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.32 0.31 0.20 0.62 0.07 0.05 0.14

表2

燕麦籽粒营养性状含量的平均值及范围

种植地
Planting area		 统计值
Statistic		 总类黄酮(mg/g)
Total flavonoids (TF)		 总酚(mg/g)
Total phenol (TP)		 植酸(mg/kg)
Phytic acid (PHY)		 无机磷(mg/kg)
Inorganic phosphorus(PI)		 黄色素(mg/kg)
Yellow pigment (YP)		 氨基(mg/kg)
Amino (-NH2)
金堂县Jintang 均值±标准差
Mean ± SD		 152.96±70.20 584.65±163.80 5.96±1.22 7.07±2.32 51.84±26.12 4.19±2.20
范围Range 31.76~312.84 153.04~1239.00 3.42~8.12 2.81~12.53 16.63~162.99 1.29~10.18
变异系数
Variable coefficient		 0.46 0.28 0.21 0.33 0.50 0.52
康定县Kangding 均值±标准差
Mean ± SD		 48.66±19.71 336.40±72.60 2.89±0.82 3.23±1.27 38.15±10.31 5.92±1.61
范围Range 21.34~210.30 196.70~507.70 1.34~4.73 1.34~6.79 3.35~66.85 2.91~10.42
变异系数
Variable coefficient		 0.41 0.20 0.28 0.39 0.27 0.27

图1

不同环境中燕麦籽粒各营养性状含量比较 图中数值代表2个环境中3次重复的平均值±标准差,包括10个最高值、均值和10个最低值;不同字母表示材料间差异达0.05显著水平

图2

燕麦农艺性状及籽粒营养组分的相关性网络

表3

各成分因子向量载荷系数及方差贡献率

成分
Composition		 初始特征值Initial eigenvalue 提取载荷平方和Load square
总计Total 方差百分比Percentage (%) 累积Cumulative(%) 总计Total 方差百分比Percentage (%) 累积Cumulative(%)
A 6.359 37.404 37.404 6.359 37.404 37.404
B 2.164 12.729 50.133 2.164 12.729 50.133
C 1.902 11.187 61.320 1.902 11.187 61.320
D 1.549 9.114 70.434 1.549 9.114 70.434
E 1.074 6.317 76.751 1.074 6.317 76.751
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