作物杂志,2024, 第6期: 226–231 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.06.030

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同浓度甲氧咪草烟处理对向日葵列当寄生的影响

张之为1(), 孙学桃1, 解国华2, 王斐羽1, 张宇宽1, 杜磊3, 赵君1, 张键1   

  1. 1内蒙古农业大学园艺与植物保护学院,010018,内蒙古呼和浩特
    2呼和浩特市武川县农牧技术推广中心,011700,内蒙古呼和浩特
    3内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,010031,内蒙古呼和浩特
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-19 修回日期:2024-06-13 出版日期:2024-12-15 发布日期:2024-12-05
  • 作者简介:张之为,主要从事植物抗病生理方面的研究,E-mail:zzw_217@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区科技计划(2022YFYZ0007);国家特色油料产业技术体系项目(CARS-14-1-24)

Effects of Different Concentrations of Imazamox Treatments on Parasitism of Orobanche cumana Wallr.

Zhang Zhiwei1(), Sun Xuetao1, Xie Guohua2, Wang Feiyu1, Zhang Yukuan1, Du Lei3, Zhao Jun1, Zhang Jian1   

  1. 1College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, Inner Mongolia, China
    2Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Center of Wuchuan County, Hohhot 011700, Inner Mongolia, China
    3Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, Inner Mongolia, China
  • Received:2023-11-19 Revised:2024-06-13 Online:2024-12-15 Published:2024-12-05

摘要:

向日葵列当是一种寄生性杂草,向日葵被其寄生后常导致产量和品质下降,严重影响向日葵产业的发展。为了探索防治向日葵列当的有效手段,以抗除草剂向日葵品种新世1号为材料,通过根系浇灌除草剂甲氧咪草烟,研究不同浓度甲氧咪草烟对向日葵列当寄生的影响。结果表明,与对照(清水)相比,1:300、1:600和1:1200稀释的甲氧咪草烟处理后,向日葵列当种子的萌芽率分别显著降低了26.1%、23.3%和8.1%;在培养皿寄生体系中,1:300和1:600稀释的甲氧咪草烟处理后,向日葵根系产生的列当寄生瘤节数量比对照分别显著降低了83.4%和37.9%,瘤节鲜重分别显著降低了86.3%和56.5%,干重分别显著降低了87.9%和53.1%;营养钵条件下,1:300、1:600和1:1200稀释的甲氧咪草烟处理后,寄生到向日葵植株根系上的列当总数量比对照分别显著降低了100.0%、90.3%和70.8%,列当鲜重分别显著降低了100.0%、56.2%和36.4%。1:1200处理的列当干重与对照没有显著差异,1:300和1:600处理的列当干重分别显著降低了100.0%和45.1%。因此,1:300和1:600稀释的甲氧咪草烟处理能够有效抑制向日葵列当的寄生,可以与抗除草剂向日葵品种新世1号配合使用,用于防治田间向日葵列当的危害。

关键词: 向日葵列当, 寄生能力, 除草剂, 甲氧咪草烟

Abstract:

Orobanche cumana Wallr. is a parasitic weed that frequently causes sunflower yield and quality to decline, which has a negative impact on the development of the sunflower industry. To explore the effective means to control the Orobanche cumana, this study used the herbicide-resistant sunflower variety Xinshi 1 as the material and treated it with the herbicide imazamox from the root to study the effects of different concentrations of imazamox on the parasitism of Orobanche cumana. The goal of this research was to discover effective control methods for sunflower parasitism. The results showed that compared with the control, after treating with 1:300, 1:600 and 1:1200 diluted imazamox, the germination rates of Orobanche cumana seeds significantly decreased by 26.1%, 23.3% and 8.1%, respectively. In the culture-dish system, compared with the control, the number of parasitic nodules produced on sunflower roots decreased by 83.4% and 37.9%, the fresh weight of nodules decreased by 86.3% and 56.5%, and the dry weight of nodules decreased by 87.9% and 53.1% significantly after treating with 1:300 and 1:600 diluted imazamox respectively; Under pot-culture condition, compared with the control, the total number of Orobanche cumana parasitized on the roots of sunflower plants decreased by 100.0%, 90.3% and 70.8%, the fresh weight of Orobanche cumana decreased by 100.0%, 56.2% and 36.4% significantly after treating with 1:300, 1:600 and 1:1200 diluted imazamox respectively. The dry weight of Orobanche cumana under 1:1200 treatment was not significantly different from that of the control, while that of 1:300 and 1:600 treatments were significantly reduced by 100.0% and 45.1%, respectively. Therefore, treating with 1:300 and 1:600 dilution of imazamox can effectively inhibit the parasitism of Orobanche cumana, and can be used in combination with the herbicide-resistant sunflower variety Xinshi 1 to prevent and control the harm of Orobanche cumana in the field.

Key words: Orobanche cumana Wallr., Parasitic ability, Herbicide, Imazamox

图1

甲氧咪草烟处理后向日葵的生长状态

图2

甲氧咪草烟处理对向日葵列当种子萌芽率的影响 不同小写字母代表差异显著(P < 0.05),下同。

图3

甲氧咪草烟处理后产生的向日葵列当瘤节

图4

甲氧咪草烟处理对向日葵列当瘤节数量的影响

图5

甲氧咪草烟处理对向日葵列当瘤节鲜重和干重的影响

图6

甲氧咪草烟处理对向日葵列当寄生数量的影响

图7

甲氧咪草烟处理对向日葵列当鲜重和干重的影响

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