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作物杂志,2019, 第3期: 185–191 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2019.03.031

• 种子科技 • 上一篇    下一篇

碱化橄榄油加工废弃液对玉米种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

叶文斌1,2,3,何玉鹏1,2,王昱1,2,王瀚1,2,赵庆芳4   

  1. 1 陇南师范高等专科学校农林技术学院,742500,甘肃成县
    2 陇南特色农业生物资源研究开发中心,742500,甘肃成县
    3 甘肃省高等学校农村电商人才培养重点实验室,742500,甘肃成县
    4 西北师范大学生命科学学院,730030,甘肃兰州
  • 收稿日期:2018-09-30 修回日期:2019-04-16 出版日期:2019-06-15 发布日期:2019-06-12
  • 作者简介:叶文斌,副教授,研究方向为天然产物化学与植物生理生态
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省自然科学基金(1107RJZK243);甘肃省教育厅项目(2015B-148);陇南市科技计划项目(2016-09)

Effects of Alkalized Olive Oil Processing Liquid Wastes on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Zea mays L.

Ye Wenbin1,2,3,He Yupeng1,2,Wang Yu1,2,Wang Han1,2,Zhao Qingfang4   

  1. 1 School of Agriculture and Forestry Technology, Longnan Normal College, Chengxian 742500, Gansu, China
    2 Center for Research & Development of Longnan Characteristic Agro-Bioresources, Chengxian 742500, Gansu, China;
    3 Key Laboratory of Gansu University for Rural E-Commerce Talents Training, Chengxian 742500, Gansu, China
    4 College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
  • Received:2018-09-30 Revised:2019-04-16 Online:2019-06-15 Published:2019-06-12

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摘要：

通过研究橄榄油加工废弃液对玉米种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响,为橄榄油废弃物利用以及农田环境保护提供参考。将橄榄油加工废弃液（10%~60%）用0.10% Na2CO3碱化处理,考察其对玉米种子萌发、幼苗生长以及生理生化特性的影响。30%碱化废弃液能显著促进玉米种子萌发和幼苗生长,随废弃液浓度升高,种子萌发率显著降低,幼苗生长和生物量受阻,幼苗整齐度降低,叶片O2 -·产生速率先升高后降低,H2O2、游离脯氨酸、可溶性糖和丙二醛含量显著增加,超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶

关键词: 橄榄油加工废弃液, 碱化, 玉米, 种子萌发, 幼苗生长, 生理生化特性

Abstract:

The purpose of this study is to study the effects of waste liquid from olive oil processing on the seed germination and seedling growth of Zea mays L. so as to provide references for the utilization of olive oil waste and farmland environmental protection. Olive oil processing waste liquid (10%-60%) alkalified with 0.10% Na2CO3, was applied to investigate the effects on seed germination, seedling growth and physiological and biochemical characteristics in maize. Alkalinized waste solution (30%) could significantly promote maize seed germination and seedling growth. With the increasing concentration of alkaline waste liquid, the germination rate was significantly reduced and seedling growth was blocked, biomass accumulation was limited, seedling uniformity was also decreased. O2 -· producing rate and H2O2 content in the leaves increased significantly and the accumulation of free proline, soluble sugar and malondialdehyde in the seedlings was obvious. The activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase in the seedlings first increased and then decreased, which showed a trend of high concentration inhibition and low concentration induced enhancement. These results suggested that 30% alkalized waste liquid could effectively promote seed germination and seedling growth of maize. The results of this research provide important reference values for the processing and application of olive oil processing waste liquid.

Key words: Olive oil processing waste liquid, Alkalization, Maize, Seed germination, Seedlings growth, Physiological and biochemical characteristics

表1

不同浓度Na2CO3处理的橄榄油加工废弃液主要组成和理化特性"

指标Index Na2CO3浓度Na2CO3concentration (%)
CK(0) 0.05 0.10 0.20
pH 4.66 5.39 6.96 8.36
导电性Conductivity (mS/cm) 5.56 6.14 6.84 7.65
干物质Dry matter (g/L) 65.23 66.53 66.97 67.13
有机质Organic matter (g/L) 45.36 45.86 46.12 46.81
油脂Oil (g/L) 1.63 1.14 0.93 0.81
多酚Polyphenols (g/L) 1.25 1.04 0.75 0.58
糖类Sugar (g/L) 2.19 2.28 2.39 2.44
有机酸Organic acid (g/L) 0.73 0.64 0.52 0.41
总氮Total nitrogen (g/L) 0.35 0.36 0.45 0.49
Na (g/L) 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.12
K (g/L) 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.76
Mg (g/L) 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08
Cl (g/L) 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59

图1

不同浓度橄榄油加工废弃液和0.10% Na2CO3对玉米种子萌发的影响 CK(0)为蒸馏水处理,CK(0.1)为0.10%的Na2CO3处理,下同"

图2

不同浓度碱化橄榄油加工废弃液对玉米种子萌发的影响 K(10)~K(60)指经0.10% Na2CO3处理的橄榄油加工废弃液,浓度分别为10%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%,下同"

图3

不同浓度碱化橄榄油加工废弃液对玉米幼苗生长的影响"

图4

不同浓度碱化橄榄油加工废弃液对玉米幼苗整齐度的影响"

图5

不同浓度碱化橄榄油加工废弃液对玉米幼苗中可溶性糖、游离脯氨酸和MDA含量的影响"

图6

不同浓度碱化橄榄油加工废弃液对玉米幼苗中O2-·产生速率和H2O2含量的影响"

图7

不同浓度碱化橄榄油加工废弃液对玉米幼苗中SOD、POD、CAT和APX活性的影响"

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