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作物杂志,2025, 第6期: 100–111 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.06.013

• 遗传育种·种质资源·生物技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

藜麦LEA基因家族鉴定及盐胁迫下的表达分析

张业猛1,2(), 卢柯欣1, 毛文钰1, 张晓燕1, 李文静1, 杨修1   

  1. 1 济宁学院生命科学与工程学院， 273155， 山东曲阜
    2 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所， 810000， 青海西宁
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-17 修回日期:2025-06-14 出版日期:2025-12-15 发布日期:2025-12-12
  • 作者简介:张业猛，主要从事植物遗传研究，E-mail：zhangyemeng@jnxy.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    山东省自然科学基金青年项目(ZR2024QC385);山东省自然科学基金青年项目(ZR2024QH647);济宁学院“百名卓越人才”(2023ZYRC51);济宁学院“百名卓越人才”(2023ZYRC44)

Identification and Expression Analysis of LEA Gene Family in Chenopodium quinoa Willd. under Salt Stress

Zhang Yemeng1,2(), Lu Kexin1, Mao Wenyu1, Zhang Xiaoyan1, Li Wenjing1, Yang Xiu1   

  1. 1 School of Life Science and Bioengineering, Jining University, Qufu 273155, Shandong, China
    2 Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810000, Qinghai, China
  • Received:2025-05-17 Revised:2025-06-14 Online:2025-12-15 Published:2025-12-12

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摘要：

为分析藜麦LEA基因家族的理化性质、染色体分布、基因结构、蛋白保守基序、物种间共线性及表达模式，利用生物信息学方法对藜麦LEAs进行全基因组鉴定。结果显示，在藜麦基因组中共鉴定到64个LEA基因家族成员，分属7个亚组，分布于13条染色体上，同一亚组的成员具有相似的基因结构和保守基序。种内共线性分析发现，64个LEA基因存在20个重复基因对；种间共线性分析发现，其与豆科植物之间具有高度的进化保守性。LEA基因的启动子区域存在多种激素和非生物胁迫相关的作用元件，其中46个LEA基因受盐胁迫诱导表达，通过GO注释发现主要参与解剖结构发育、根系发育、防御响应和生殖系统发育等生物学过程，各亚组基因发挥不同作用以提升藜麦盐胁迫耐受性。

关键词: 藜麦, LEA基因家族, 盐胁迫, 重复基因, 顺式作用元件

Abstract:

In order to analyze the physicochemical properties, chromosomal distribution, gene structure, protein conserved motifs, interspecies synteny and expression patterns of the LEA gene family in quinoa, LEAs were identified in the whole genome of quinoa using bioinformatics methods. The results showed that a total of 64 LEA gene family members were identified in the quinoa genome, belonging to seven subgroups and distributed on 13 chromosomes, and the members of the same subgroups have similar gene structures and conserved motifs. Intraspecific and interspecies synteny analysis revealed 20 duplicate gene pairs among 64 LEA genes, and a high degree of evolutionary conservation with species in the Leguminosae. Promoter analysis of LEA genes revealed the presence of various cis-acting elements related to hormones and abiotic stress. Among them, 46 LEA genes were induced by salt stress, and GO annotation revealed involvement in biological processes such as anatomical structure development, root development, defense response, and reproductive system development, suggesting that members of the various subgroups of LEAs may play different roles in different biological processes enhancing salt stress tolerance in quinoa.

Key words: Quinoa, LEA gene family, Salt stress, Duplicated genes, Cis-acting element

表1

藜麦LEA基因实时荧光定量引物

基因ID Gene ID 上游引物Forward primer (5'-3') 下游引物Reverse primer (5'-3')
AUR62012039 AGGAAAGAAAGCAGTAGAGTCC AGTGGTGGAGTGAGTGTGAG
AUR62040787 ACCGATGAACCCGAGAATC TTAGCCTGTCAACCGAGTAGC
AUR62008681 CGCTCTCTATCCAACGCTAAG TCAGCAACATCAATCTCAGC
AUR62025562 TGGCTCGCTCTCTATTCAAC CCTGTAGTATCCAGTTACGGG
AUR62018884 CAAATCGTTTCTCACCCAAC AAAGGTCTTCTGCTCCAGC
AUR62005994 CATTTGGTTCATCCTCCAC TGTTGCCCTTTGTAAGAAGC
LOC110715281 (ACT-1)[16] GTCCACAGAAAGTGCTTCTAAG AACAACTCCTCACCTTCTCATG

图1

藜麦LEA蛋白的系统进化分析

表2

藜麦LEA蛋白的理化性质及亚细胞定位

蛋白ID
Protein ID		 氨基酸长度
Amino acid length		 分子量
Molecular weight (Da)		 等电点
pI		 亲水性指数
Hydropathy index		 亚细胞定位预测
Subcellular localization prediction		 亚组
Subgroup
AUR62015378 585 62 135.91 6.16 -0.905 细胞核 LEA_1
AUR62012039 185 18 965.61 9.16 -0.941 细胞核 LEA_1
AUR62007271 135 14 669.53 9.46 -0.916 细胞核 LEA_1
AUR62018728 133 14 474.30 9.52 -0.932 细胞核 LEA_1
AUR62037998 411 46 980.05 9.10 -0.148 细胞核 LEA_1
AUR62023336 66 7632.58 5.94 -1.315 细胞核 LEA_1
AUR62024021 195 22 461.13 9.73 -0.282 叶绿体 LEA_2
AUR62041321 195 22 560.25 9.67 -0.335 叶绿体 LEA_2
AUR62001543 265 30 001.52 9.49 0.010 细胞膜 LEA_2
AUR62023990 235 26 515.15 9.78 -0.234 细胞膜 LEA_2
AUR62031792 235 26 387.11 9.87 -0.208 细胞膜 LEA_2
AUR62004562 253 27 621.05 10.56 -0.245 细胞核 LEA_2
AUR62011004 134 14 815.91 5.26 0.050 叶绿体 LEA_2
AUR62016447 221 25 098.34 9.55 -0.133 叶绿体 LEA_2
AUR62042923 221 25 233.27 9.32 -0.138 叶绿体 LEA_2
AUR62002497 385 42 855.48 5.99 -0.321 叶绿体 LEA_2
AUR62023689 369 41 236.24 5.83 -0.459 细胞质 LEA_2
AUR62004417 327 36 389.79 6.88 -0.233 细胞核 LEA_2
AUR62022623 261 29 129.75 8.81 -0.141 叶绿体 LEA_2
AUR62004416 159 17 883.58 5.94 -0.311 叶绿体 LEA_2
AUR62022622 159 17 911.63 5.94 -0.313 叶绿体 LEA_2
AUR62037343 230 26 081.43 8.38 0.061 叶绿体 LEA_2
AUR62036201 397 42 223.68 6.90 -0.251 细胞质 LEA_2
AUR62012636 625 70 739.43 7.36 -0.342 叶绿体 LEA_2
AUR62022020 907 100 918.35 9.26 -0.264 叶绿体 LEA_2
AUR62037531 257 28 396.07 9.68 -0.202 细胞核 LEA_2
AUR62044049 260 28 782.62 9.84 -0.165 线粒体 LEA_2
AUR62038568 260 28 969.89 9.95 -0.105 细胞核 LEA_2
AUR62040787 260 29 063.15 9.89 -0.073 细胞膜 LEA_2
AUR62036192 201 22 519.08 9.37 -0.090 细胞核 LEA_2
AUR62009745 202 22 541.10 9.37 -0.084 叶绿体 LEA_2
AUR62025118 411 44 859.42 9.83 0.009 细胞膜 LEA_2
AUR62037168 294 32 124.13 9.74 -0.330 叶绿体 LEA_2
AUR62037166 294 32 124.13 9.74 -0.330 叶绿体 LEA_2
AUR62009984 362 40 962.60 9.28 -0.409 叶绿体 LEA_2
AUR62037049 235 26 528.57 9.15 -0.274 叶绿体 LEA_2
AUR62029813 193 20 922.48 10.08 0.216 叶绿体 LEA_2
AUR62006457 193 20 962.50 10.02 0.210 细胞核 LEA_2
AUR62028077 506 55 181.12 5.71 -0.133 细胞壁 LEA_2
AUR62005994 210 23 568.40 9.40 -0.006 细胞膜 LEA_2
AUR62030850 727 83 308.07 6.24 -0.230 叶绿体 LEA_2
AUR62027010 209 22 664.20 9.32 0.171 细胞膜 LEA_2
AUR62029814 211 23 171.20 9.97 0.120 叶绿体 LEA_2
AUR62006458 211 23 160.13 9.87 0.096 叶绿体 LEA_2
AUR62024025 169 19 641.29 7.79 -0.349 过氧化物酶体 LEA_2
AUR62041317 217 24 772.49 9.14 -0.156 细胞壁 LEA_2
AUR62001542 212 23 801.43 9.49 -0.028 叶绿体 LEA_2
AUR62020241 214 24 051.61 9.54 -0.009 叶绿体 LEA_2
AUR62037051 209 23 402.50 9.68 0.176 细胞膜 LEA_2
AUR62006280 256 29 111.35 10.44 -0.128 叶绿体 LEA_2
AUR62025562 93 10 039.37 9.89 -0.357 叶绿体 LEA_3a
AUR62008681 93 9969.23 9.89 -0.387 叶绿体 LEA_3a
AUR62025623 101 11 655.31 9.69 -0.517 叶绿体 LEA_3a
AUR62001414 100 11 431.16 9.77 -0.380 叶绿体 LEA_3a
AUR62005925 125 13 672.20 7.91 -0.582 细胞核 LEA_3b
AUR62028136 164 17 893.23 6.74 -0.235 细胞核 LEA_3b
AUR62018884 125 13 633.10 6.96 -0.648 细胞核 LEA_3b
AUR62040165 498 53 522.13 6.87 -1.016 细胞核 LEA_4
AUR62030479 114 12 430.48 5.77 -1.383 细胞核 LEA_5
AUR62030818 114 12 433.50 6.16 -1.403 细胞核 LEA_5
AUR62007217 84 9075.84 5.92 -1.585 细胞核 LEA_5
AUR62018784 84 8950.71 5.90 -1.474 细胞核 LEA_5
AUR62038279 87 9085.71 4.46 -1.171 细胞核 LEA_6
AUR62003966 87 9126.81 4.59 -1.183 细胞核 LEA_6

图2

藜麦LEA基因结构及motif分析

图3

藜麦LEA基因的染色体定位分析

图4

藜麦LEA基因家族成员共线性分析 内圈数字表示染色体序号。

图5

藜麦与拟南芥、水稻、蒺藜苜蓿和大豆中LEA基因共线性分析 红线为LEA共线性基因对，灰线为其他基因的共线性。数字表示上述作物基因组的染色体数量。

图6

藜麦LEA基因家族成员的顺式作用元件分析

图7

盐胁迫条件下藜麦LEA基因家族成员的表达模式

图8

藜麦LEA基因家族成员的GO注释

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