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作物杂志,2024, 第6期: 140–146 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.06.019

• 生理生化·植物营养·栽培耕作 • 上一篇    下一篇

盐胁迫对燕麦生长及生理指标的影响

李峰1(), 高宏云2(), 张翀3, 张宝英1, 马建富1, 郭娜1, 白苇1, 方爱国1, 杨志敏1(), 李源4()   

  1. 1张家口市农业科学院，075000，河北张家口
    2新疆石河子职业技术学院，832003，新疆石河子
    3西南大学动物科学技术学院，400715，重庆
    4河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所，053000，河北衡水
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-27 修回日期:2023-11-14 出版日期:2024-12-15 发布日期:2024-12-05
  • 通讯作者: 杨志敏，主要从事牧草育种与栽培研究，E-mail：nkyyzm@163.com；李源，主要从事牧草育种及生产利用技术研究，E-mail：gsly868@163.com
  • 作者简介:李峰，主要从事牧草资源与育种研究，E-mail：20234350@qq.com；|高宏云为共同第一作者，主要从事现代农业技术研究，E-mail：2415294011@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    河北省重点研发计划项目(19226424D);河北省现代农业产业技术体系草业创新团队建设专项资金项目(HBCT2018160201);张家口市科技支持计划项目(1511063C);张家口市重点研发计划项目(1911016C-2)

Effects of Salt Stress on Growth and Physiological Indexes of Oat

Li Feng1(), Gao Hongyun2(), Zhang Chong3, Zhang Baoying1, Ma Jianfu1, Guo Na1, Bai Wei1, Fang Aiguo1, Yang Zhimin1(), Li Yuan4()   

  1. 1Zhangjiakou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei, China
    2Shihezi Vocational and Technical College of Xinjiang, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, China
    3College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
    4Institute of Dry Farming, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Hengshui 053000, Hebei, China
  • Received:2023-07-27 Revised:2023-11-14 Online:2024-12-15 Published:2024-12-05

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摘要：

采用耐盐燕麦品种张燕7号（A）和盐敏感品种坝莜18号（B）为试验材料，研究不同盐胁迫处理（对照0.0%、0.2%、0.4%和0.6%）对燕麦生长、光合生理特性及籽粒酚类物质含量的影响。结果表明，随着盐浓度增加，品种A和B出苗率、株高、单株干重、单株鲜重和叶片含水量都显著降低；在0.2%盐浓度下，2个品种的净光合速率、胞间CO2浓度、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶活性都显著高于对照；在0.4%盐浓度处理下相对叶绿素含量和蒸腾速率显著高于对照。在0.6%浓度盐处理下气孔限制值达到最高峰，品种A较B高。盐浓度分别在0.6%和0.4%时，品种A和B籽粒总酚和总黄酮含量达到最高水平。盐浓度0.6%时，2个品种籽粒的抗氧化能力达到最高。综上所述，盐胁迫会影响植株的生长，降低光合指标，提高燕麦的酶活性、酚类物质及抗氧化能力，且盐胁迫对盐敏感品种坝莜18号的抑制作用大于耐盐品种张燕7号。

关键词: 燕麦, 盐胁迫, 光合作用, 抗氧化剂, 酚类, 生理特性

Abstract:

Salt-tolerant oat variety Zhangyan 7 (A) and salt-sensitive variety Bayou 18 (B) were used as experimental materials to study the effects of different salt stress treatments (control 0.0%, 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6%) on the growth, photosynthetic physiological characteristics and the contents of phenolic substances in oat grains. The results showed that, with the increase of salt concentration, the emergence rate, plant height, dry weight per plant, fresh weight per plant and leaf water content of A and B decreased significantly. Under 0.2% salt concentration, the Pn, Ci, SOD and POD activities of the two varieties were significantly higher than those of the control. The SPAD and Tr of A and B were higher than control at 0.4% salt concentration. Under the treatment of 0.6% concentration salt, Ls reached the highest peak, and variety A was higher than B. When the salt concentration were 0.6% and 0.4%, the contents of total phenol and total flavonoid in seeds of varieties A and B reached the highest level, respectively. When the salt concentration was 0.6%, the antioxidant capacity of two varieties reached the highest. In summary, salt stress can affect plant growth, reduce photosynthetic indexes, and improve enzyme activity, phenolic substances and antioxidant capacity of oat. Moreover, salt stress had a greater inhibitory effect on salt-sensitive Bayou 18 than salt-tolerant variety Zhangyan 7.

Key words: Oat, Salt stress, Photosynthesis, Antioxidants, Phenolics, Physiological characteristics

表1

不同盐浓度对燕麦生长的影响

处理
Treatment		 株高
Plant height (cm)		 出苗率
Emergence rate (%)		 单株干重
Dry weight per plant (g)		 单株鲜重
Fresh weight per plant (g)		 叶片相对含水量
RWC (%)
A0 84.53±1.70a 96.05±1.03a 1.58±0.05a 7.72±0.20a 75.06±6.01b
A1 74.43±1.22b 91.12±1.58b 1.25±0.05b 6.56±0.34b 88.32±2.23a
A2 62.51±1.40c 82.33±1.02c 0.93±0.07c 5.82±0.03c 68.44±2.58c
A3 52.45±1.05d 75.35±1.56d 0.62±0.01d 3.00±0.08d 27.07±2.77d
B0 79.11±2.65a 90.11±0.67a 1.28±0.05a 6.65±0.09a 82.88±2.30b
B1 68.75±2.42b 84.49±1.59b 1.09±0.05b 5.37±0.08b 92.09±2.04a
B2 58.55±2.11c 80.71±1.06c 0.73±0.02c 4.69±0.14c 76.65±2.87c
B3 52.78±1.09d 68.66±1.55d 0.52±0.01d 2.37±0.08d 23.37±3.08d

图1

不同盐浓度对SPAD和光合指标的影响 不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著（P < 0.05），下同。

表2

不同盐浓度对燕麦抗氧化酶活性和MDA含量的影响

处理
Treatment		 SOD活性
SOD activity [U/(min·g)]		 POD活性
POD activity [U/(min·g)]		 CAT活性
CAT activity [U/(min·g)]		 MDA含量
MDA content (nmol/g)
A0 7928.33±44.88d 2.03±0.02b 2.88±0.02d 31.11±0.67c
A1 11 976.67±29.87a 2.63±0.14a 4.57±0.08c 31.41±0.60c
A2 9890.33±63.26b 1.64±0.14c 5.33±0.08b 33.95±0.06b
A3 9482.33±89.51c 0.99±0.02d 6.04±0.05a 36.84±0.05a
B0 7255.33±42.10d 1.68±0.18c 4.03±0.03d 53.55±0.69d
B1 7767.67±63.01c 2.56±0.08a 4.61±0.04c 61.26±1.01c
B2 8890.67±20.11a 2.05±0.05b 5.05±0.02b 78.51±0.86b
B3 8742.33±21.96b 1.20±0.08d 5.52±0.06a 87.07±1.48a

图2

不同盐浓度对燕麦总酚、总黄酮及抗氧化能力的影响

表3

不同盐浓度对燕麦单体酚的影响

处理Treatment 香草酸Vanillic acid 咖啡酸Caffeic acid 对香豆酸P-coumaric acid 阿魏酸Ferulic acid 芦丁Rutin
A0 44.23±2.35c 36.28±0.67c 24.90±0.18c 18.36±1.14c 69.23±1.52d
A1 45.23±1.94c 41.05±1.12b 29.77±1.97b 15.31±0.20d 113.96±3.02c
A2 75.97±3.47b 33.05±0.36d 36.31±0.18a 35.58±0.86b 180.97±3.97b
A3 164.85±3.31a 47.28±0.57a 36.91±2.92a 68.24±0.44a 298.03±5.09a
B0 57.80±1.15c 25.51±1.36d 28.85±1.30c 15.66±0.65d 110.71±10.18d
B1 65.96±0.77b 41.85±0.46c 29.84±1.66c 31.63±2.04c 196.77±3.59c
B2 112.75±1.66a 43.55±0.84b 34.88±0.45b 52.45±2.47b 381.62±7.55b
B3 49.55±1.35d 75.39±0.63a 45.53±1.02a 99.38±1.40a 433.64±1.94a
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