基于表型和SSR标记的金平草果遗传多样性分析

doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2020.02.009

作物杂志,2020, 第2期: 54–59 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2020.02.009

• 遗传育种·种质资源·生物技术 • 上一篇下一篇

基于表型和SSR标记的金平草果遗传多样性分析

马孟莉,王田涛,雷恩,孟衡玲,张薇,张婷婷,卢丙越()

红河学院生命科学与技术学院/云南省高校滇南特色生物资源研究与利用重点实验室,661100,云南蒙自

收稿日期:2019-09-16 修回日期:2019-10-16 出版日期:2020-04-15 发布日期:2020-04-13
通讯作者: 卢丙越 E-mail:lby202@126.com
作者简介:马孟莉,主要从事信息农业方面的研究,E-mail：mamlsky@126.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31460380);红河学院中青年学术骨干培养项目(2014GG0101);红河学院重点学科开放基金(2018ZDXK02);红河学院大学生创新创业训练计划(DCXL181073)

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Amomum tsao-ko in Jinping Based on Phenotypic Traits and SSR Markers

Ma Mengli,Wang Tiantao,Lei En,Meng Hengling,Zhang Wei,Zhang Tingting,Lu Bingyue()

College of Life Science and Technology/Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Characteristic Biological Resources in Southern Yunnan, Mengzi 661100, Yunnan, China

Received:2019-09-16 Revised:2019-10-16 Online:2020-04-15 Published:2020-04-13
Contact: Bingyue Lu E-mail:lby202@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

草果是常见中药材和调味料,主产于云南。以主产地云南省红河州金平县的草果为研究对象,利用表型和SSR标记分析草果遗传多样性。结果表明：13个数量性状的变异系数为7.64%~50.00%,Shannon-Weaver多样性指数为1.74~2.16,其中挂果率的变异系数最大,鲜果长的多样性水平最高;提取的前4个主成分可解释81.615%的变异,第1主成分可解释37.369%的表型变异,与产量密切相关的干果重、鲜果重、干果皮重和单果种子数等指标荷载量较高。5对SSR标记在44份草果样本中共扩增出23个条带,平均每对引物可检测到4.6个多态性位点,多态位点百分率为100%,Shannon’s信息指数和平均多态信息含量分别为1.266和0.672;聚类分析可将44个样本分为2大类,第1类包含34个样本,第2类由10个样本构成。本研究表明金平草果具有丰富的表型变异和较高的分子遗传多样性。

关键词: 草果, 遗传多样性, 表型, SSR

Abstract:

Amomum tsao-ko is a common Chinese medicine and seasoning, mainly produced in Yunnan. In this study, the genetic diversity of Amomum tsao-ko (in Jinping County, Honghe Prefecture, Yunnan Province) was analyzed by phenotypic traits and SSR markers. The results showed that the coefficient of variation of 13 quantitative traits was 7.64%-50.00%, and the Shannon-Weaver diversity index (H') was 1.74-2.16. The coefficient of variation of fruiting rate was the largest, and the diversity level of fresh fruit length was the highest. The first four principal components could explain 81.615% of the variation, and the first principal component could explain 37.369% variation with the main contributions from dry fruit weight, fresh fruit weight, dry pericarp weight and seed number, which are related to the yield. A total of 23 bands were amplified by 5 pairs of SSR markers in 44 Amomum tsao-ko samples, with an average of 4.6 polymorphic loci per pair of primers. The shannon information index and the average polymorphism information content (PIC) were 1.266 and 0.672, respectively. Cluster analysis could divide 44 samples into two clusters. Cluster I consisted of 34 samples, and the Cluster II consisted of 10 samples. The results indicated that Jinping Amomum tsao-ko had abundant phenotypic variation and high genetic diversity at the molecular level.

Key words: Amomum tsao-ko, Genetic diversity, Phenotype, SSR

马孟莉,王田涛,雷恩,孟衡玲,张薇,张婷婷,卢丙越. 基于表型和SSR标记的金平草果遗传多样性分析[J]. 作物杂志, 2020 (2): 54–59

Ma Mengli,Wang Tiantao,Lei En,Meng Hengling,Zhang Wei,Zhang Tingting,Lu Bingyue. Genetic Diversity Analysis of Amomum tsao-ko in Jinping Based on Phenotypic Traits and SSR Markers[J]. Crops, 2020(2): 54–59

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参考文献 18

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引物 Primer	正向引物(5'-3') Forward primer (5'-3')	反向引物 (5'-3') Reverse primer (5'-3')	重复序列 Repeat sequence	退火温度(℃) Annealing temperature
AT1	F: GCTTCACCTCCAGTTTCC	R: GTCCTCCTTGTCCACCC	(GA)14	59
AT5	F: AATGCAAATGGTGGACG	R: GGATAAATCAAAGAGGAGGA	(GA)16	58
AT29	F: GAGGAGGCGTGGACTTT	R: GGGCTGCTTCTATTTCAT	(GA)8	58
AT30	F: TAACGACGAAGGAAACG	R: TGAGTAGGAAAGAAGAAAGAA	(CT)9	55
AT56	F: AGTTTGAACCTCCCATTT	R: ATCTTGAGCTTCGTGCC	(CA)6	55

性状 Trait	最小值 Minimum	最大值 Maximum	平均 Mean	标准差 Standard deviation	极差 Range	变异系数(%) Coefficient of variation	Shannon-Weaver 多样性指数H′
每穗花数Number of flowers per ear	27.67	112.67	71.78	17.84	85.00	24.85	2.04
挂果率Fruiting rate (%)	1.47	42.11	15.96	7.98	40.64	50.00	1.93
鲜果重Fresh fruit weight (g)	6.80	15.61	10.39	1.97	8.81	18.92	1.97
鲜果长Fresh fruit length (mm)	26.03	36.10	30.98	2.57	10.08	8.28	2.16
鲜果宽Fresh fruit width (mm)	20.85	31.47	25.58	1.95	10.62	7.64	1.92
鲜果长宽比 Ratio of fresh fruit length to width	0.98	1.64	1.22	0.14	0.66	11.77	1.95
干果长Dry fruit length (mm)	22.88	43.45	29.12	4.33	20.57	14.88	1.93
干果宽Dry fruit width (mm)	15.10	22.97	18.79	1.59	7.87	8.45	2.01
干果长宽比 Ratio of dry fruit length to width	1.13	2.34	1.57	0.32	1.21	20.45	2.07
干果重Dry fruit weight (g)	1.35	4.83	3.24	0.65	3.48	20.02	1.94
干果皮重Dry fruit peel weight (g)	0.50	1.23	0.82	0.15	0.73	18.56	2.00
种子团重Seed regiment weight (g)	0.73	3.94	2.42	0.55	3.22	22.87	1.74
单果种子数Number of seeds per fruit	26.60	55.00	36.92	5.81	28.40	15.75	2.03

性状Trait	第1主成分 Principal component 1	第2主成分 Principal component 2	第3主成分 Principal component 3	第4主成分 Principal component 4
每穗花数Number of flowers per ear	0.432	0.016	-0.772	0.043
挂果率Fruiting rate	-0.193	0.353	0.313	0.723
鲜果重Fresh fruit weight	0.831	0.038	0.331	-0.296
鲜果长Fresh fruit length	0.449	0.821	0.209	-0.226
鲜果宽Fresh fruit width	0.751	-0.213	0.035	-0.308
鲜果长宽比Ratio of fresh fruit length to width	-0.151	0.917	0.133	0.003
干果长Dry fruit length	0.460	0.842	0.132	-0.055
干果宽Dry fruit width	0.724	-0.573	0.067	-0.012
干果长宽比Ratio of dry fruit length to width	-0.039	0.971	0.041	-0.040
干果重Dry fruit weight	0.786	-0.234	0.391	0.291
干果皮重Dry fruit peel weight	0.865	-0.004	0.033	-0.048
种子团重Seed regiment weight	0.656	-0.281	0.461	0.368
单果种子数Number of seeds per fruit	0.760	0.077	0.156	-0.099
特征值Eigen value	5.979	4.008	1.944	1.127
贡献率Contribution (%)	37.369	25.049	12.152	7.046
累积贡献率Accumulated contribution (%)	37.369	62.417	74.569	81.615

引物 Primer	多态带百分比(%) Percentage of polymorphism bands	观测等位基因数 N_a	有效等位基因数 N_e	观测杂合度 H_o	期望杂合度 H_e	Shannon′s 信息指数 I	多态性信息含量 PIC	解析度 R_p
AT1	100	4	3.305	0.697	0.708	1.289	0.730	2.606
AT5	100	5	3.940	0.487	0.756	1.417	0.763	2.757
AT29	100	6	4.418	0.731	0.789	1.581	0.723	3.385
AT30	100	6	3.738	0.150	0.742	1.462	0.738	2.200
AT56	100	2	1.646	0.390	0.398	0.582	0.405	1.122
平均值Mean value	100	4.6	3.410	0.491	0.679	1.266	0.672	2.414

基于表型和SSR标记的金平草果遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Amomum tsao-ko in Jinping Based on Phenotypic Traits and SSR Markers

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