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作物杂志,2023, 第1期: 52–57 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2023.01.008

• 生理生化·植物营养·栽培耕作 • 上一篇    下一篇

脱支和反复湿热处理对苦荞抗性淀粉含量和理化特性的影响

付梓平1,2(), 范昱1, 赖弟利2,3, 张凯旋2, 朱剑锋4, 李基光5, 周美亮2(), 王俊珍4()   

  1. 1成都大学食品与生物工程学院，610000，四川成都
    2中国农业科学院作物科学研究所，100081，北京
    3贵州大学农学院，550000，贵州贵阳
    4凉山彝族自治州农业科学研究院，615000，四川凉山
    5湖南省农业科学院作物研究所，410000，湖南长沙
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-21 修回日期:2022-09-16 出版日期:2023-02-15 发布日期:2023-02-22
  • 通讯作者: 周美亮，主要从事荞麦种质资源与产量、品质育种研究，E-mail：zhoumeiliang@caas.cn；王俊珍，主要从事荞麦种质资源与产量、品质育种研究，E-mail：wangjunzhen108@163.com
  • 作者简介:付梓平，从事苦荞淀粉研究，E-mail：1271068611@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2020YFD1000800);国家重点研发计划(2020YFD1000802-01);河北省教育厅青年拔尖人才项目(BJ2019022)

Effects of Debranched and Repeated Wet Heat Treatment on Content and Physicochemical Properties of Resistant Starch of Tartary Buckwheat

Fu Ziping1,2(), Fan Yu1, Lai Dili2,3, Zhang Kaixuan2, Zhu Jianfeng4, Li Jiguang5, Zhou Meiliang2(), Wang Junzhen4()   

  1. 1College of Food and Bioengineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China
    2Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
    3College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550000, Guizhou, China
    4Agricultural Science Research Institute of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Liangshan 615000, Sichuan, China
    5Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410000, Hunan, China
  • Received:2022-06-21 Revised:2022-09-16 Online:2023-02-15 Published:2023-02-22

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摘要：

采用普鲁兰酶（PUL）去除苦荞淀粉支链，进行多次湿热处理（HMT），探究PUL用量和HMT次数对苦荞全粉中抗性淀粉含量以及理化特性的影响。结果表明，PUL、HMT和PUL-HMT均能增加苦荞抗性淀粉含量，其中PUL用量10U/g、HMT 2次效果最佳，抗性淀粉含量从4.74%增加到13.38%。经过PUL-HMT，苦荞粉表面由光滑变凹凸状，晶型结构发生变化，从A型变为A+V型，相对结晶度和热焓值下降，红外光谱表明，淀粉内部短程有序结构轻微改变。去支化和HMT能有效改变苦荞粉理化性质，增加抗性淀粉含量，其中PUL10-HMT2的处理方法能得到更加理想的高抗性淀粉苦荞材料。

关键词: 苦荞, 普鲁兰酶, 湿热处理, 抗性淀粉, 理化性质

Abstract:

Starch branch chains of Fagopyrum tataricum were removed by pullulanase (PUL), and the effects of PUL dosage and times of wet and heat treatment (HMT) on resistant starch content and physicochemical properties of F.tataricum whole powder were investigated. The results showed that the content of resistant starch of F.tataricum could be increased by PUL, HMT and PUL-HMT, in which the dosage of PUL was 10U/g (PUL10), and the two times treatment (HMT2) had the best effects, the resistant starch content increased from 4.74% to 13.38%. After PUL-HMT, the surface of F.tataricum powder changed from smooth to concave and convex, the crystal structure changed from A type to A+V type, and the relative crystallinity and enthalpy value decreased. Infrared spectroscopy showed that the short-range ordered structure in starch changed slightly. The chemical properties and resistant starch content of F.tataricum powder could be effectively changed by debranching and HMT, and PUL10-HMT2 treatment could get more ideal F.tataricum material with high resistant starch.

Key words: Fagopyrum tataricum, Pullulanase, Wet heat treatment, Resistant starch, Physicochemical properties

表1

不同条件处理后抗性淀粉含量

样品
Sample		 普鲁兰酶用量
Pullulanase
dosage (U/g)		 湿热处理次数
Times of wet
heat treatment		 抗性淀粉含量
Resistant starch
content (%)
PUL0-HMT0 0 0 4.74±0.12f
PUL10-HMT0 10 0 11.58±0.27b
PUL20-HMT0 20 0 10.96±0.08c
PUL0-HMT1 0 1 6.48±0.06e
PUL10-HMT1 10 1 12.82±0.12a
PUL20-HMT1 20 1 12.70±0.27a
PUL0-HMT2 0 2 9.34±0.02d
PUL10-HMT2 10 2 13.38±0.35a
PUL20-HMT2 20 2 13.20±0.26a

图1

天然样品电镜扫描图

图2

PUL10-HMT2样品扫描电镜图

图3

不同条件处理样品的X-射线衍射图

图4

不同条件处理的红外光谱图

表2

不同条件处理后峰强度比值

样品Sample 1047/1022cm-1 1022/995cm-1
天然样品Natural sample (CK) 1.04±0.26a 0.97±0.26a
PUL10-HMT2 1.01±0.08a 0.99±0.16a

表3

不同条件处理后热力学参数

参数Parameter 天然样品Natural sample PUL10-HMT2
T0 (℃) 75.73±0.08b 80.43±0.54a
Tp (℃) 79.83±0.34b 83.76±0.28a
Tc (℃) 83.50±0.32b 85.67±0.07a
?H (J/g) 5.09±0.14a 1.58±0.21a
?T (℃) 7.77±0.38a 5.24±0.59a
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