Crops ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 66-72.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2017.05.012

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Effects of Different Cultivation Methods on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Rice

Gu Xiaoping,Yu Fei,Liang Ping,Chen Fang   

  1. Mountain Environment and Climate Research Institute of Guizhou Province/Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Climate and Resources,Guiyang 550002,Guizhou,China
  • Received:2017-05-17 Revised:2017-07-10 Online:2017-10-15 Published:2018-08-26

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Abstract:

To explore the photosynthetic characteristics and yield of rice under different cultivation methods, the rice variety Yixiangyou 1108 was used as raw material and the growth period length, leaf area index, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, conductance to H2O, intercellular CO2concentration and yield structure were compared among four treatments: seedling raising in dryland with plastic mulch culture, seedling raising in dryland with narrow row culture, semiarid nursery with plastic mulch culture and semiarid nursery with narrow row culture. Results showed that: (1) the length of whole growth period of rice was about 155-159d, which was not significantly different among the four treatments. (2) Leaf area index in each growth period showed a good level under of seedling raising in dryland with plastic mulch culture, semiarid nursery with plastic mulch culture treatments, chich was good for the leaf growth. (3) The photosynthetic rate of rice reached the peak at jointing stage, light response curve was basically the same at heading and jointing stages, the change of stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were basically the same as the net photosynthetic rate, the intercellular CO2 concentration and effective radiation both decreased gradually at first and then was flat after reaching a certain value. (4) The yield of rice under seedling raising in dryland with plastic mulch culture was 7 845.9kg/hm2, which was the highest among the four treatments, increasing by 14.31% compared with that under seedling raising in dryland with narrow row. In conclusion that seedling raising in dryland and plastic mulch culture was the best rice cultivation way, followed by seedling raising in dryland with narrow row culture.

Key words: Rice, Cultivation mode, Leaf area index, Photosynthetic characteristics, Yield structure

"

处理
Treatment		 播种期
Sowing
date		 出苗期
Emergence
date		 移栽期
Transplanting
period		 拔节期
Jointing stage		 孕穗期
Booting
stage		 抽穗期
Heading
stage		 乳熟期
Milk
stage		 蜡熟期
Dough
stage		 成熟期Maturation
period		 收获期
Harvest
stage		 全生育期(d)
Whole growth
period
A1B1 4/9 4/17 5/28 7/5 7/23 8/19 8/28 9/6 9/15 9/24 159
A1B2 4/9 4/17 5/28 7/5 7/23 8/19 8/28 9/5 9/14 9/24 158
A2B1 4/9 3/36 5/28 7/3 7/21 8/17 8/27 9/4 9/13 9/24 157
A2B2 4/9 4/16 5/28 7/3 7/21 8/16 8/27 9/3 9/11 9/24 155

Table 2

Leaf area index of rice under different cultivation methods"

处理
Treatment		 分蘖期Tillering period 拔节期Jointing stage 孕穗期Booting stage
叶长(cm)
Leaf-length		 叶宽(cm)
Blade width		 LAI 叶长(cm)
Leaf-length		 叶宽(cm)
Blade width		 LAI 叶长(cm)
Leaf-length		 叶宽(cm)
Blade width		 LAI
A1B1 51.46±0.05a 1.30±0.03b 4.42±0.041a 51.40±0.68a 1.98±0.82a 6.60±0.65a 50.47±0.47a 1.62±0.018a 6.35±0.049a
A1B2 42.23±0.37d 1.22±0.03c 3.34±0.039c 48.40±0.41b 1.61±0.27b 5.39±0.26ab 45.90±0.52c 1.52±0.023b 5.28±0.032c
A2B1 49.33±0.05b 1.42±0.01a 4.46±0.027a 51.58±0.13a 1.68±0.31b 5.76±0.63a 48.97±0.15b 1.45±0.015c 5.73±0.026b
A2B2 45.51±0.06c 1.33±0.02b 3.81±0.035b 44.52±0.87b 1.44±0.37c 4.42±0.34b 43.63±0.33d 1.43±0.006c 4.30±0.023d

Fig.1

The trend of light response curve of rice at jointing stage under different cultivation methods"

Fig.2

The trend of light response curve of rice at heading stage under different cultivation methods"

Table 3

Effects of different cultivation methods on light response curves parameters of rice leaves"

生育期
Growth stage		 处理
Treatment		 LSP
[μmol/(m2·s)]		 LCP
[μmol/(m2·s)]		 Q
[μmol(CO2)/(m2·s)]		 RD
[μmol(CO2)/(m2·s)]		 Amax
[μmol/(m2·s)]		 K
拔节期 A1B1 744.972±2.96a 64.292±0.58a 0.072±0.001d 4.557±0.009b 49.081±0.002a 0.105±0.004d
Jointing stage A1B2 484.165±1.53b 19.184±0.33d 0.092±0.001c 1.764±0.002d 42.770±0.021b 0.122±0.003c
A2B1 460.751±0.88c 35.432±0.34c 0.100±0.004b 3.643±0.002c 42.432±0.002b 0.898±0.006a
A2B2 435.896±1.20d 39.241±0.42b 0.125±0.002a 4.955±0.001a 49.532±0.001a 0.188±0.006b
抽穗期 A1B1 226.227±0.58d 24.761±0.30b 0.066±0.001b 4.588±0.001a 15.267±0.004c 0.798±0.033c
Heading stage A1B2 235.528±1.53c 15.267±0.37c 0.089±0.003a 4.341±0.002b 19.710±0.028a 1.000±0.004a
A2B1 365.931±1.89b 36.307±0.42a 0.058±0.007c 2.129±0.002c 19.385±0.003a 0.804±0.015b
A2B2 439.721±0.88a 36.957±0.33a 0.043±0.002d 1.587±0.001d 17.235±0.004b 0.807±0.018ab

Fig.3

Stomatal conductance of rice at jointing stage under different cultivation methods"

Fig.4

Stomatal conductance of rice at heading stage under different cultivation methods"

Fig.5

Transpiration rate of rice at jointing stage under different cultivation methods"

Fig.6

Transpiration rate of rice at heading stage under different cultivation methods"

Fig.7

Intercellular CO2 concentration of rice at jointing stage under different cultivation methods"

Fig.8

Intercellular CO2 concentration of rice at heading stage under different cultivation methods"

Table 4

Effects of different cultivation methods on yield components of rice"

处理
Treatment		 株高(cm)
Plant height		 穗长(cm)
Spike length		 有效穗数
(穗/hm2)
Effective panicles
per unit area		 穗粒数
(粒/穗)
Grain number
per ear		 实粒数
(粒/穗)
Grain
number		 结实率(%)
Setting
percentage		 千粒重(g)
1000-grain
weight
 单位面积产量
(kg/hm2)
Equivalent
hectare yield		 比对照
增减(%)
Increase than control
A1B1 118.6±0.39a 27.4±0.09a 180.0±0.153a 231.2±0.12a 190.8±0.12a 82.53±0.024b 29.2±0.06a 7 845.9±0.03a 14.31
A1B2 114.2±0.23b 25.0±0.17b 178.5±0.115b 190.6±0.21c 147.6±0.15c 77.44±0.044c 28.7±0.03b 6 863.7±0.12c -
A2B1 113.6±0.21b 27.2±0.12a 175.5±0.116b 203.6±0.18b 174.6±0.21b 85.76±0.021a 29.0±0.02a 7 564.35±0.09b 10.21
A2B2 110.2±0.12c 24.6±0.09c 169.5±0.058c 188.6±0.12d 140.8±0.09d 74.66±0.042d 28.5±0.09c 6 301.05±0.02d -8.19
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