Crops ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 47-53.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.01.007

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Evaluation of Agronomic Traits and Cold Tolerance at Germination Stage in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Germplasms

Pan Xiaoxue(), Hu Mingyu, Wang Zhongwei, Wu Hong, Lei Kairong()   

  1. Biotechnology Research Center, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Chongqing Key Laboratory of Adversity Agriculture Research, Chongqing 401329, China
  • Received:2020-05-22 Revised:2020-12-25 Online:2021-02-15 Published:2021-02-23
  • Contact: Lei Kairong E-mail:xiaoxuepan@126.com;leikairong@126.com

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Abstract:

The 12 agronomic traits of 106 rice cultivars collected from Chongqing were identified via a two-year field trial (2018-2019), the traits and genetic diversity indexes differences between different rice varieties were compared and analyzed; germination rate was used to comprehensively evaluate the cold tolerance of rice at germination stage. The results showed that the variation range of genetic diversity index of nine traits less than 2.00 among 12 agronomic traits except 1000-grain weight, stalk diameter and grain number per panicle; the variation coefficient of the dry weight of ears per plant, grain number per panicle and filled grain number per panicle were 22.08%, 21.89% and 22.25%, respectively, while the grain width was the lowest (7.90%). Twenty-three specific varieties were screened, containing nine large-ear varieties, four high dry weight of ears per plant varieties and ten grain slenderness varieties. Through cluster analysis, 106 rice germplasm were divided into three groups, accounting for 15.1% (groupⅠ), 47.2% (groupⅡ), and 37.7% (groupⅢ), respectively. The results of principal component analysis showed that total contribution rate of the first five main component factors (PC1-PC5) including 12 agronomic traits with accumulative contribution of 84.19%. An objective comprehensive evaluation value (D-value) of rice agronomic traits was obtained using membership function with index weight method. The top ten of the D-value of germplasm resources were 77D, Wanhui355-2, Yihui1577, Nanhui533, 176-15, Feng788, Wanhui86, Yangfu6, Shuhui527 and 176-6. There were significant differences in germination rate among different rice germplasms, and four germplasms including 176-6, 176-15, Gui 99, and glutinous Rice 89-1 were selected with high germination rate under low temperature. These germplasms with cold-tolerance and better comprehensive traits can be used for breeding in direct seeding rice.

Key words: Rice, Germplasm resources, Agronomic traits, Cold-tolerance at germination stage, Comprehensive assessment

Table 1

Names of Chongqing rice germplasms and their D-values, comprehensive rankings and cold resistance levels"

编号
No.		 名称
Name		 D值
D-value		 排名
Ranking		 耐寒等级
Level		 编号
No.		 名称
Name		 D值
D-value		 排名
Ranking		 耐寒等级
Level
1 中413 0.460 55 9 54 早黄矮 0.436 69 9
2 湘恢6号 0.458 57 9 55 万恢481 0.446 64 9
3 湘恢15号 0.341 94 9 56 半边粘 0.383 89 9
4 湘恢27号 0.446 65 9 57 蜀恢527 0.505 28 9
5 湘恢12号 0.502 29 9 58 乐软101 0.619 16 9
6 蜀恢162 0.478 44 9 59 丰恢99 0.564 20 9
7 泸恢17 0.508 26 9 60 成恢448 0.513 21 9
8 杨福6号 0.724 8 9 61 丰恢89 0.627 12 9
9 江恢151 0.566 19 9 62 成恢425 0.626 13 9
10 蜀恢527 0.711 9 9 63 宜恢1313 0.497 35 9
11 绵恢725 0.468 51 9 64 内香恢2号 0.432 72 9
12 黔恢15 0.501 31 9 65 乐恢213 0.620 15 9
13 N69-1 0.465 52 9 66 川恢934 0.455 59 9
14 44C 0.513 22 9 67 蜀362 0.468 50 9
15 44C-1 0.494 37 9 68 宜恢3511 0.506 27 9
16 44D 0.319 97 9 69 成恢447 0.417 78 9
17 宜恢1577 0.759 3 9 70 南恢533 0.751 4 9
18 明恢63 0.440 67 9 71 万恢646 0.457 58 9
19 鸭棚子 0.410 80 9 72 万恢19 0.419 76 9
20 CDR22 0.473 47 9 73 万恢2号 0.568 18 9
21 黄鞭粘 0.452 61 9 74 万恢481 0.423 75 9
22 中香1号 0.383 88 9 75 科恢675 0.458 56 9
23 乐恢188 0.435 70 9 76 RO7 0.460 54 9
24 丝苗香 0.177 105 9 77 R26 0.477 45 9
25 中优368 0.404 83 9 78 R10 0.428 73 9
26 44D 0.346 92 9 79 科恢21 0.494 38 9
27 44D-2 0.453 60 9 80 科恢28 0.433 71 9
28 汕B 0.497 36 9 81 科恢2 0.399 84 9
29 N69-2 0.343 93 9 82 科恢10 0.500 32 9
30 N69-3 0.264 101 9 83 科恢58 0.488 41 9
31 N69-4 0.464 53 5 84 科恢39 0.474 46 9
32 宜香B 0.409 82 9 85 科恢198 0.500 33 9
33 巴西陆稻 0.320 96 9 86 万恢86 0.725 7 9
34 CDR22异 0.471 48 9 87 Q2 0.468 49 9
35 MY-1 0.489 40 5 88 糯稻89-1 0.374 90 1
36 MY-2 0.568 17 9 89 176-12 0.481 43 9
37 MY-3 0.395 87 5 90 176-14 0.445 66 5
38 阳尘糯 0.362 91 9 91 176-15 0.747 5 1
39 77D 0.796 1 9 92 176-16 0.334 95 5
40 川丰6号 0.483 42 9 93 176-18 0.409 81 9
41 丰788 0.725 6 9 94 176-2 0.426 74 9
42 金麻粘 0.397 85 9 95 176-6 0.678 10 1
43 桂99 0.510 25 1 96 176-7 0.512 23 9
44 万恢35 0.493 39 9 97 176-8 0.414 79 9
45 万恢35-1 0.499 34 9 98 176-9 0.510 24 9
46 万恢910 0.502 30 9 99 537-12 0.133 106 9
47 万恢35-2 0.448 63 9 100 537-14 0.242 102 9
48 万恢355-2 0.759 2 9 101 R337 0.230 103 5
49 万恢88 0.438 68 9 102 中花11 0.287 98 9
50 涪引1号 0.624 14 9 103 黄华占 0.268 100 9
51 奇妙香 0.395 86 9 104 科恢675-1 0.418 77 9
52 十里香 0.450 62 9 105 丽江 0.229 104 9
53 乌节黄谷 0.627 11 9 106 杨粳4227 0.283 99 9

Table 2

Evaluation on agronomic traits of rice collected from Chongqing in 2018 and 2019"

性状
Trait		 均值
Average		 最小值
Minimum		 最大值
Maximum		 标准差
Standard deviation		 变异系数
Variation coefficient (%)		 多样性指数
Diversity index
株高Plant height (cm) 115.43 79.53 174.74 16.86 14.61 1.67
穗长Panicle length (cm) 27.98 19.51 40.16 3.07 10.97 1.90
有效穗数The effective panicles per plant 11.74 8.01 17.60 1.80 15.31 1.92
单株产量Grain weight per plant (g) 37.36 11.29 58.41 8.25 22.08 1.94
千粒重1000-grain weight (g) 25.83 17.50 32.11 2.81 10.89 2.02
茎粗Stalk diameter (cm) 6.73 5.36 8.38 0.61 9.10 2.06
每穗总粒数Grain number per panicle 194.54 105.70 359.30 42.58 21.89 2.01
每穗实粒数Filled grain number per panicle 163.31 84.50 325.90 36.34 22.25 1.90
结实率Seed setting rate (%) 0.84 0.62 0.96 0.08 9.74 1.90
谷粒长Grain length (mm) 94.49 68.80 111.00 8.46 8.96 1.90
谷粒宽Grain width (mm) 31.12 25.90 39.60 2.50 7.90 1.91
谷粒长宽比Grain length/Grain width 3.07 1.80 3.80 0.40 13.01 1.85

Table 3

Special germplasm resources of rice collected from Chongqing"

特异资源特征Special germplasm character 品种编号（测定值）Variety number (measured value)
大穗（每穗总粒数>250）
Large-ear (Grain number per panicle > 250)		 48(359.3),39(315.5),17(303.4),22(279.1),87(270),16(267.9),66(262.0),14(261.2),70(250.6)
高单株产量(单株产量>50g)
High dry weight of ears per plant (Dry weight of ears per plant > 50g)		 30(58.41g),63(58.18g),41(54.98g),50(50.87g)
籽粒细长(籽粒长宽比>3.5)
Grain slenderness (Grain length/Grain width > 3.5)		 35(3.80),88(3.68),86(3.64),101(3.62),59(3.60),98(3.58),14(3.56),15(3.56),17(3.53),79(3.50)

Table 4

Correlation coefficients of 12 quantitative traits"

指标Index X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 X7 X8 X9 X10 X11 X12
X1 -1.000
X2 -0.606** -1.000
X3 -0.385** -0.175* -1.000
X4 -0.008 -0.248** -0.268** 1.000
X5 -0.070 -0.229* -0.111 0.253** -1.000
X6 -0.319** -0.259** -0.510** 0.111 -0.175* -1.000
X7 -0.109 -0.273** -0.391** 0.108 -0.144 -0.537** -1.000
X8 -0.038 -0.231* -0.335** 0.209* -0.068 -0.519** -0.912** -1.000
X9 -0.321** -0.042 -0.099 0.304** -0.242** -0.007 -0.132 -0.275** -1.000
X10 -0.211* -0.372** -0.054 0.199 -0.513** -0.196* -0.024 -0.071 -0.185* -1.000
X11 -0.111 -0.297** -0.002 0.140 -0.225* -0.094 -0.135 -0.011 -0.346** -0.367** -1.000
X12 -0.183* -0.387** -0.037 0.035 -0.185 -0.055 -0.080 -0.064 -0.344** -0.844** -0.797** 1.000

Table 5

Eigen values and proportion of comprehensive indexes"

主成分
Principal
component		 特征值
Eigen
value		 贡献率
Contribution
rate (%)		 累计贡献率
Cumulative contribution
rate (%)
PC1 3.25 27.10 27.10
PC2 2.54 21.17 48.27
PC3 1.87 15.54 63.81
PC4 1.40 11.71 75.51
PC5 1.04 8.67 84.19

Table 6

Loading matrix of each component"

主成分Principal component X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 X7 X8 X9 X10 X11 X12
PC1 0.563 0.711 -0.480 0.150 0.252 0.593 0.586 0.443 -0.284 0.656 -0.492 0.685
PC2 -0.063 -0.049 -0.391 0.143 -0.093 0.529 0.624 0.769 0.404 -0.499 0.525 -0.635
PC3 -0.100 0.198 0.268 0.682 0.753 0.042 -0.261 -0.035 0.603 0.373 0.372 0.007
PC4 -0.585 -0.101 0.460 0.321 -0.310 -0.207 0.340 0.418 0.181 0.051 -0.442 0.278
PC5 0.491 0.493 0.342 0.399 -0.353 -0.179 -0.017 -0.043 -0.052 -0.289 -0.012 -0.189

Fig.1

Cluster analysis for rice germplasms collected from Chongqing based on agronomic traits"

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