Crops ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 87-96.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2022.05.012

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Analysis of Physiological Differences of Wheat Varieties with Different Nitrogen Use Efficiency

Li Ning1(), Liu Tongtong2, Yang Jinwen1, Shi Yugang1, Wang Shuguang1, Sun Daizhen1()   

  1. 1College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
    2College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
  • Received:2021-06-10 Revised:2021-09-13 Online:2022-10-15 Published:2022-10-19

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Abstract:

The dynamic changes of physiological traits such as nitrogen assimilation and transport-related enzymes in flag leaves of six wheat varieties with different nitrogen use efficiencies (NUE) (two high nitrogen use efficiency varieties, two low nitrogen use efficiency varieties and two intermediate varieties) were measured under irrigation and rain-fed conditions. The traits of nitrogen accumulation and transportation were also measured at the flowering and maturity stages. The results showed that the high NUE varieties (Jinmai 54 and Jinmai 66) had higher amounts of accumulated nitrogen after flowering (AAN), higher nitrogen utilization efficiency for grain production (NUEG), higher nitrogen utilization efficiency for biomass production (NUEB), higher nitrogen transport amount after flowering (NTTAF), higher nitrogen transport efficiency after flowering (NTEAF), higher contribution rate of grain nitrogen accumulation after flowering (CGNAF) and higher yield per plant (YPP), but lower nitrogen transport amount before flowering (NTABF), lower contribution rate of grain nitrogen accumulation before flowering (CGNBF) than other varieties. At the same time, the enzyme activities and soluble protein content of the high NUE varieties were always higher than that of the other four varieties, while the intermediate varieties were higher than that of the low NUE varieties. Correlation analysis results showed that most of the activities of enzymes were significantly or extremely significantly positively correlated with NUEG, NUEB, NTTAF, NTEAF, CGNAF and YPP, and they were significantly or extremely significantly negatively correlated with NTABF and CGNBF.

Key words: Wheat, Nitrogen use efficiency, Nitrogen assimilation, Nitrogen accumulation

Fig.1

Nitrogen accumulation and transport related traits of different wheat varieties “*”and“**”indicate significance at 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively; the left and right sides of diagonal mark“/”represent a significant difference under rain-fed and irrigation conditions, the same below"

Fig.2

Yield per plant of different wheat varieties"

Fig.3

Analysis of physiological traits of different wheat varieties"

Table 1

The correlation analysis of the nitrogen accumulation and transport related traits with soluble protein content and proteolytic enzyme activity"

环境
Environment		 指标
Index		 可溶性蛋白含量Soluble protein content 蛋白水解酶活性Proteolytic enzyme activity
D-7 D-14 D-21 D-28 D-35 D-7 D-14 D-21 D-28
雨养条件
Rain-fed condition		 NAA 0.49 0.79* 0.68 0.62 0.82* 0.87* 0.64 0.56 0.70*
NUEg 0.80* 0.95** 0.92** 0.83* 0.93** 0.93** 0.69 0.75* 0.89*
NUEb 0.87* 0.94** 0.92** 0.89* 0.94** 0.98** 0.89* 0.91** 0.98**
NTAbf -0.90* -0.91** -0.89* -0.82* -0.89* -0.85* -0.73* -0.88* -0.93**
NTEbf -0.49 -0.66 -0.66 -0.63 -0.72 -0.66 -0.53 -0.69 -0.63
CGNbf -0.82* -0.93** -0.87* -0.80* -0.93** -0.92** -0.76* -0.85* -0.93**
NTAaf 0.79* 0.93** 0.86* 0.78* 0.93** 0.92** 0.75* 0.82* 0.91**
NTEaf 0.82* 0.92** 0.87* 0.79* 0.92** 0.90** 0.75* 0.85* 0.93**
CGNaf 0.82* 0.93** 0.87* 0.79* 0.93** 0.92** 0.75* 0.84* 0.93**
YPP 0.78* 0.80* 0.87* 0.90** 0.89* 0.92** 0.67* 0.78* 0.89*
灌溉条件
Irrigation condition		 NAA 0.86* 0.86* 0.78* 0.66 0.89* 0.93** 0.85* 0.87* 0.77*
NUEg 0.96** 0.94** 0.94** 0.84* 0.98** 0.98** 0.96** 0.95** 0.94**
NUEb 0.95** 0.96** 0.96** 0.88* 0.95** 0.99** 0.98** 0.96** 0.94**
NTAbf -0.71* -0.80* -0.77* -0.81* -0.68 -0.69 -0.89* -0.66 -0.86*
NTEbf -0.59 -0.66 -0.69 -0.59 -0.70 -0.63 -0.70 -0.58 -0.67
CGNbf -0.87* -0.93** -0.87* -0.84* -0.90** -0.91** -0.97** -0.87* -0.90**
NTAaf 0.87* 0.91** 0.84* 0.78* 0.91** 0.94** 0.94** 0.88* 0.86*
NTEaf 0.85* 0.92** 0.86* 0.84* 0.90** 0.91** 0.97** 0.87* 0.89*
CGNaf 0.86* 0.93** 0.87* 0.84* 0.90** 0.91** 0.97** 0.87* 0.90**
YPP 0.77* 0.91** 0.88* 0.79* 0.81* 0.87* 0.80* 0.81* 0.89*

Table 2

The correlation analysis of the nitrogen accumulation and transport related traits with GS and GT activities"

环境
Environment		 指标
Index		 GS活性GS activity GT活性GT activity
D-7 D-14 D-21 D-28 D-7 D-14 D-21 D-28
雨养条件
Rain-fed condition		 NAA 0.76* 0.69 0.70* 0.60 0.69 0.72* 0.69 0.76*
NUEg 0.94** 0.82* 0.87* 0.81* 0.83* 0.91** 0.88* 0.91**
NUEb 0.98** 0.91** 0.91** 0.91** 0.94** 0.95** 0.91** 0.96**
NTAbf -0.96** -0.81* -0.87* -0.83* -0.81* -0.95** -0.85* -0.85*
NTEbf -0.61 -0.70 -0.59 -0.67 -0.68 -0.51 -0.67 -0.68
CGNbf -0.97** -0.82* -0.86* -0.81* -0.82* -0.94** -0.85* -0.87*
NTAaf 0.96** 0.81* 0.86* 0.79* 0.80* 0.93** 0.84* 0.86*
NTEaf 0.97** 0.81* 0.85* 0.80* 0.80* 0.94** 0.84* 0.86*
CGNaf 0.97** 0.82* 0.86* 0.80* 0.82* 0.94* 0.85* 0.87*
YPP 0.88* 0.61 0.86* 0.77* 0.88* 0.92** 0.87* 0.80*
灌溉条件
Irrigation condition		 NAA 0.97** 0.94** 0.84* 0.79* 0.83* 0.82* 0.8437* 0.84*
NUEg 0.97** 0.97** 0.93** 0.90** 0.91** 0.91** 0.94** 0.89*
NUEb 0.97** 0.96** 0.96** 0.94** 0.92** 0.93** 0.96** 0.93**
NTAbf -0.71* -0.73* -0.83* -0.90** -0.74* -0.74* -0.82* -0.66
NTEbf -0.52 -0.67 -0.65 -0.66 -0.61 -0.56 -0.59 -0.67
CGNbf -0.93** -0.92** -0.94** -0.96** -0.87* -0.87* -0.92** -0.87*
NTAaf 0.96** 0.94** 0.90** 0.90** 0.85* 0.85* 0.89* 0.86*
NTEaf 0.92** 0.91** 0.93** 0.96** 0.86* 0.86* 0.91** 0.86*
CGNaf 0.92** 0.91** 0.94** 0.96** 0.87* 0.87* 0.92** 0.86*
YPP 0.90* 0.89* 0.92** 0.81* 0.79* 0.87* 0.88* 0.88*

Table 3

The correlation analysis of the nitrogen accumulation and transport related traits with the GOGAT and AK activities"

环境
Environment		 指标
Index		 GOGAT活性GOGAT activity AK活性AK activity
D-7 D-14 D-21 D-28 D-7 D-14 D-21 D-28
雨养条件
Rain-fed condition		 NAA 0.52 0.66 0.45 0.51 0.58 0.68 0.67 0.53
NUEg 0.79* 0.88* 0.76* 0.78* 0.83* 0.92** 0.91** 0.84*
NUEb 0.88* 0.92** 0.83* 0.87* 0.92** 0.94** 0.91** 0.89*
NTAbf -0.90* -0.89* -0.87* -0.85* -0.88* -0.89* -0.87* -0.89*
NTEbf -0.56 -0.69 -0.61 -0.66 -0.64 -0.59 -0.61 -0.67
CGNbf -0.84* -0.86* -0.78* -0.79* -0.84* -0.88* -0.85* -0.82*
NTAaf 0.81* 0.85* 0.75* 0.76* 0.81* 0.86* 0.84* 0.79*
NTEaf 0.84* 0.86* 0.79* 0.79* 0.84* 0.87* 0.84* 0.82*
CGNaf 0.83* 0.86* 0.78* 0.79* 0.84* 0.88* 0.85* 0.82*
YPP 0.67 0.84* 0.75* 0.74* 0.78* 0.87** 0.79* 0.82*
灌溉条件
Irrigation condition		 NAA 0.80* 0.69 0.79* 0.78* 0.79* 0.83* 0.82* 0.98**
NUEg 0.85* 0.79* 0.89* 0.87* 0.72* 0.89* 0.93** 0.98**
NUEb 0.89* 0.84* 0.93** 0.92** 0.74* 0.92** 0.93** 0.98**
NTAbf -0.85* -0.88* -0.91** -0.78* -0.73* -0.88* -0.91** -0.73*
NTEbf -0.60 -0.69 -0.48 -0.70 -0.67 -0.58 -0.64 -0.65
CGNbf -0.94** -0.89* -0.96** -0.89* -0.85* -0.96** -0.95** -0.95**
NTAaf 0.89* 0.81* 0.91** 0.85* 0.83* 0.91** 0.91** 0.98**
NTEaf 0.93** 0.88* 0.96** 0.88* 0.84* 0.95** 0.94** 0.95**
CGNaf 0.93** 0.89* 0.97** 0.89* 0.84* 0.96** 0.95** 0.95**
YPP 0.90** 0.70* 0.89* 0.84* 0.78* 0.90** 0.89* 0.90*

Fig.4

Scheme of the proposed physiological mechanisms of high nitrogen use efficiency in wheat Only those pathways discussed in the present study are depicted. The levels of enzymes were color gradient from high (red) to low (blue)"

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