Crops ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (6): 124-131.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2022.06.018

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Physiological Mechanism of Nitrate Mitigation of Ammonium Toxicity in Rape

Wang Xueru(), Chen Haifei, Zhang Zhenhua()   

  1. College of Resource and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University/Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
  • Received:2021-10-24 Revised:2021-11-29 Online:2022-12-15 Published:2022-12-21
  • Contact: Zhang Zhenhua E-mail:hunaustuwxr@163.com;zhzh1468@163.com

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Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of nitrate nutrition on ammonium nitrogen utilization and growth of rape (Brassica napus L.), the biomass and chlorophyll concentration of rape cultured for 15 days under different nitrogen forms were measured by using Bn60 as experimental material and pure nitrate culture as control. Under the condition of 5mmol/L NH4+, five different NO3- concentrations (0.0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.6 and 1.0mmol/L) were added. After seven days of treatment, the concentration of NH4+ and the activity of nitrogen assimilation enzyme were measured. After 15 days of treatment, the concentration of biomass, total nitrogen and cation groups were measured. The results showed that compared with nitrate nitrogen, single ammonium nitrogen led to growth inhibition and yellow leaves, but with the increase of nitrate concentration, the symptoms of ammonium toxicity gradually relieved, and the shoot and root biomass, total nitrogen and nitrogen accumulation increased significantly. Increased nitrate feeding increased glutamine synthase (GS) activity in rape shoots, which led to a decrease in free ammonium ion concentration. Furthermore, as nitrate nitrogen levels rose, the concentrations of cations such as K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ rose as well. Nitrate could increase the activity of nitrogen absorbing enzymes, decrease ammonium ion concentrations, increase the contents of Mg2+ and other cations, as well as photosynthesis, mitigate ammonium toxicity and improve rape growth.

Key words: Rape, Ammonium toxicity, Ammonium nitrogen, Nitrate nitrogen, Physiological mechanism

Fig.1

Effects of ammonium poisoning on rape growth and chlorophyll content Phenotype (a), leaf phenotype (b), biomass (c) and chlorophyll content (d) of rape under normal culture (CK) and ammonium toxicity (5mmol/L NH4+). Data represent means ± SE (n=3). “**”indicates significant difference at P < 0.01 level"

Fig.2

Effects of exogenous nitrate on growth and photosynthesis of rape Data represent means±SE (n=3). Bars with the different letters indicate significant difference at P < 0.05 level, the same below"

Fig.3

Effects of exogenous nitrate nitrogen addition on cationic content in rape"

Fig.4

Effects of exogenous nitrate addition on nitrogen assimilation ability of rape"

Fig.5

Effects of exogenous nitrate addition on total nitrogen content in rape"

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