Crops ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 110-114.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2016.01.020

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Effects of Potassium Fertilizer Application Method on Yield And Potassium Apparent Efficiency of Direct-Sowing Rice and Transplanting Rice

Zhang Yangyang1,Lu Jianwei1,Wang Youzhu2,Wang Zhen3,Li Xiaokun1,Ren Tao1,Cong Rihuan1   

  1. 1 Microelement Research Center,Huazhong Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation,Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River,Ministry of Agriculture,Wuhan 430070,Hubei,China
    2 Soil and Fertilizer Station of Huangmei,Huangmei 435500,Hubei,China
    3 Soil and Fertilizer Station of Wuxue,Wuxue 435400,Hubei,China
  • Received:2015-10-19 Revised:2015-11-23 Online:2016-02-15 Published:2018-08-25
  • Contact: Jianwei Lu

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Abstract:

The effects of potassium (K) application rate and method on yield and K apparent efficiency of direct-sowing rice (DR) and transplanting rice (TR) were studied with the field experiment. The aim is to ascertained the appropriate K application method,The results showed that the K fertilizer application could obviously increase grain yields. Grain yield would be improved significantly when applying 270kg K2O/hm 2 as compared with 135kg K2O/hm 2. The K accumulation was highest, but the K apparent efficiency was lowest.When application rate was 135kg K2O /hm 2, there was no significant difference between basal application and fractional application on DR. In case of TR, the grain yield and net profit increment of fractional application (basal fertilizer and panicle fertilizer) were significant higher than basal application treatment. DT achieved high yield by a higher number of panicle with K application, while TR achieved high yield by a higher numbers of spikelet numbers per panicle and higher 1000-seed weight. The net profit, K accumulation and K apparent efficiency of basic application treatment were higher than fractional application on DT, but it had not significant difference. The TR was opposite. Compared with basic application treatment, the net profit increment of fractional application was 1 833 yuan/hm 2. The apparent efficiency of fractional application treatment was significant higher than basic application treatment. The results indicated that K fertilization methods affected grain yield and yield component factors differently for the TR and DR. For the rice production, applying sufficient K fertilizer was needed to achieve the yield target. And we suggest basal K fertilization on DR and fractional applications on TR as the sound K fertilization managements.

Key words: Rice, K application rate, Direct-sowing, Transplanting, Basal fertilizer, Panicle fertilizer

"

处理 Treatment 产量构成因素 Yield components 稻谷产量
Yield
（kg/hm2）		 增产量
Yield increment
（kg/hm2）		 纯收益
Net profit
（元/hm2）		 产投比
The value to cost rate
穗数
Panicle
（万穗/hm2）		 每穗颖花数
Spikelets per panicle		 结实率
Seed setting rate（%）		 千粒重
1000-seed
weight（g）
K0 432 c 106 a 93.4 a 22.4 b 8 235 c - - -
K135B 480 ab 115 a 94.8 a 22.8 b 9 348 b 1 113 2 111 2.70
K270 492 a 124 a 96.8 a 22.9 ab 10 018 a 1 783 3 070 1.96
K135F 468 b 113 a 94.7 a 23.4 a 9 290 b 1 055 1 958 2.50

Table 2

Effects of K application rate and method on yield, yield components and economic benefits of transplanting rice"

处理Treatment 产量构成因素 Yield components 稻谷产量
Yield
（kg/hm2）		 增产量
Yield increment
（kg/hm2）		 纯收益
Net profit
（yuan/hm2）		 产投比The value to cost rate
穗数
Panicle
（万穗/hm2）		 每穗颖花数
Spikelets per panicle		 结实率
Seed setting rate（%）		 千粒重
1000-seed weight（g）
K0 252 d 193 b 75.6 b 23.6 b 9 146 c - -
K135B 288 b 223 a 81.2 a 24.1 ab 10 574 b 1 428 2 926 3.74
K270 306 a 222 a 82.9 a 24.5 ab 11 622 a 2 476 4 869 3.11
K135F 276 c 229 a 80.8 a 25.0 a 11 279 a 2 133 4 759 6.08

Table 3

Effects of different treatment on K uptake and recover efficiency of direct sowing rice"

处理Treatment 钾积累量K uptake
（kg K2O/hm2）		 钾肥表观利用率（%）Recover efficiency
子粒Seed 稻草Straw 总积累量Total
K0 32.9 c 233.1 c 266.0 c -
K135B 40.7 b 282.8 ab 323.5 ab 42.6 a
K270 44.6 a 290.4 a 335.0 a 27.0 b
K135F 39.1 b 275.9 b 315.0 b 36.3 ab

Table 4

Effects of different treatment on K uptake and recover efficiency of transplanting rice"

处理Treatment 钾积累量 K uptake
（kg K2O/hm2）		 钾肥表观利用率Recover efficiency
（%）
子粒Seed 稻草Straw 总积累量Total
K0 35.3 c 269.4 c 301.0 c -
K135B 42.7 bc 316.7 b 358.1 b 39.6 b
K270 51.2 a 350.7 a 401.9 a 36.0 b
K135F 47.8 ab 325.2 b 373.0 b 50.6 a
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