Crops ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 115-119.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2016.01.021

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Effects of Different Potassium Fertilizers and Their Combination on Yield and Quality of Potato Tuber

Bi Shiting1,Sun Lei1,Tian Jingxuan1,Yu Hongtao2,Zhang Zeyu1,Tai Feng1,Han Liping1   

  1. 1 College of Resources and Environment,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,Heilongjiang,China
    2 Suihua Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Suihua 152000,Heilongjiang,China
  • Received:2015-11-09 Revised:2015-12-07 Online:2016-02-15 Published:2018-08-25
  • Contact: Lei Sun

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Abstract:

The effects of different potassium (K) fertilizers and their combination on the K accumulation as well as tuber yield and quality were studied through field experiments. Results showed that applying K2SO4 with KCl simultaneously could improve the starch content of potato tuber and promote the transformation of K from vine to tubers, then increase the accumulation and distribution of K in tubers compared with application of K2SO4 only or compared with no K application. Either KCl or K2SO4 could increase the tuber yield. The treatment, applied with both K2SO4 and KCl at planting and in season, got a higher tuber yield and higher starch content than treatments with only one K fertilizer either at planting or in season. So it was concluded that KCl could be used in potato production in appropriate rate. The rate of KCl at planting should be controlled less than 50%, the rate of topdressing KCl could be greater than 50% and the total application rate of KCl should be controlled less than 50%.

Key words: Potato, Potassium, Quality, Yield

Table 1

Basic fertility of the soil"

全氮
Total N
(g/kg)		 有机质
Organic matter
(g/kg)		 碱解氮
Available N
(mg/kg)		 全磷
Total P
(g/kg)		 速效磷
Available P
(mg/kg)		 缓效钾
Slow K
(mg/kg)		 有效钾
Valid K
(mg/kg)		 速效钾
Available K
(mg/kg)		 Cl-
(mg/kg)		 pH
1.45 30.61 87.85 0.66 119.02 637.52 384.34 238.01 13.3 6.97

Table 2

Nutrients application rate and time of different treatments kg/hm2"

处理
Treatments		 总养分量Total nutrient rates 基肥量Rates at planting 追肥量Rates at topdressing
N P2O5 K2O N P2O5 K2O（S） K2O（Cl） N K2O（S） K2O（Cl）
Cl-Cl 150 45 135 75 45 — 67.50 75 — 67.50
S-S 150 45 135 75 45 67.50 — 75 67.50 —
S-Cl 150 45 135 75 45 67.50 — 75 — 67.50
Cl-S 150 45 135 75 45 — 67.50 75 67.50 —
ClS-ClS 150 45 135 75 45 33.75 33.75 75 33.75 33.75

Fig.1

Effects of K fertilizers and their combination on K distribution in potato plant"

Fig.2

Effects of K fertilizers and their combination on K accumulation in potato plant"

Fig.3

Effects of K fertilizers and their combination on starch content in potato tubers Note: Small letters in the figure indicated significant difference at 0.05 level with the method of LSD."

Table 3

Effect of K fertilizers and their combination on yield component factors"

处理
Treatment		 单株结薯数
Tubers number(个/株)		 结薯重
Tuber weight(g/株)		 平均薯重
Mean tuber weight(g/个)		 平均薯重Mean tuber weight (g/个)
小薯Small-sized tuber 商品薯Marketable tuber
K0 5.58c 611.4d 109.5bc 26.1d 149.7b
Cl-Cl 7.69ab 861.3c 112.9ab 33.5c 154.2ab
S-S 8.30a 881.2b 105.9c 38.2a 139.4c
S-Cl 7.63b 873.8bc 115.4a 35.1bc 156.2a
Cl-S 7.54b 858.5c 114.5a 36.3b 153.5bc
ClS-ClS 7.72ab 894.4a 116.2a 38.6a 156.7a

Table 4

Yield effect analysis of K fertilizers and their combination"

处理
Treatment		 产量
Yield(t/hm2)		 商品薯产量
Marketable tuber yield(t/hm2)		 商品薯率
Marketable tuber percents(%)		 增产量
Yield increased(t/hm2)		 增产率
Yield increased rate(%)
K0 34.9c 32.2c 92.3a — —
Cl-Cl 49.2b 44.1b 89.6b 14.3c 40.9c
S-S 50.4ab 44.4ab 88.5ab 15.4b 44.1ab
S-Cl 49.9ab 44.6ab 89.4b 15.0b 42.9bc
Cl-S 49.1b 43.8b 85.1c 14.2c 40.7c
ClS-ClS 51.1a 45.2a 88.2ab 16.2a 46.3a
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