Crops ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (2): 95-99.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2016.02.017

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Optimum Planting Density of Fresh Waxy Maize in Yangtze River Area

Wang Shiji,Wu Wenming,Chen Hongjian   

  1. Tobacco Institute/Corn Research Center,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei 230031,Anhui,China
  • Received:2015-12-09 Revised:2016-03-14 Online:2016-04-15 Published:2018-08-26
  • Contact: Hongjian Chen

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Abstract:

Field experiment was carried out in Yangtze river area to study the effects of planting density on the grain yield, ear traits and agronomy characters in fresh waxy maize Wannuo 5, and which was arranged with a randomized complete block design, and the results will provide theoretical foundation of rational planting density of fresh waxy maize in Yangtze river area. The results showed that with the increase of planting density, the grain yield increased firstly and then decreased, when the planting density reached 60 000 plants/hm 2, the yield reached the maximum, but there was no significant difference between treatment of 60 000 plants/hm 2 and 75 000 plants/hm 2 in 2014. In 2015, the maximum yield was occurred in 75 000 plants/hm 2, and the yield was significantly exceeded the yield in the density of 30 000 plants/hm 2and 120 000 plants/hm 2. The equation of density and yield, y=0.40591xe (-0.0000135x) revealed that the maximum yield of optimal density range was 54 185 plants/hm 2-98 290 plants/hm 2 in 2014. The equation of density and yield, y=0.43136xe (-0.0000137x) revealed that the maximum yield of optimal density range was 52 494 plants/hm 2-98 238 plants/hm 2 in 2015. With the density increasing, the ear height, tip-barren length, and empty stalk rate increased significantly, ear length, ear diameter, ear row number, and 100-grain fresh weight significantly decreased. The optimal density in Yangtze River area was from 52 494 plants/hm 2 to 54 185 plants/hm 2.

Key words: Maize, Wannuo 5, Planting density, Yangtze river area

Table 1

Soil properties of the experimental field"

年份
Year		 有机质
Organic matter(g/kg)		 碱解氮
Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen(mg/kg)		 速效磷Available phosphorus(mg/kg) 速效钾
Available potassium(mg/kg)		 pH
2014 13.90 91.5 11.6 158.8 6.7
2015 13.25 79.4 33.8 164.5 6.2

Table 2

Effects of planting density on agronomy characters in fresh waxy maize"

处理
Treatment		 2014年 2015年
株高
Plant height(cm)		 穗位高
Ear height(cm)		 空秆率
Empty stalk rate(%)		 株高
Plant height(cm)		 穗位高
Ear height(cm)		 空秆率
Empty stalk rate(%)
D1 252.3a 108.9b 0b 226.6b 97.3b 0b
D2 258.7a 114.5b 0b 227.9ab 97.6b 0b
D3 260.9a 126.9a 0b 229.7ab 99.4b 0b
D4 262.5a 127.1a 7.4b 232.9a 103.0a 2.5b
D5 262.3a 131.0a 20.2a 233.4a 104.5a 9.4ab
D6 262.0a 132.7a 26.3a 231.3ab 105.0a 11.2ab
D7 264.3a 133.5a 22.7a 226.4b 103.7a 18.9a

Table 3

Effects of planting density on ear traits in fresh waxy maize"

处理
Treatment		 2014年 2015年
穗粗
Ear diameter
(cm)		 穗长
Ear length
(cm)		 秃尖长
Tip-barren
length(cm)		 穗行数
Ear row
number		 穗粗
Ear diameter
(cm)		 穗长
Ear length
(cm)		 秃尖长
Tip-barren
length(cm)		 穗行数
Ear row
number		 鲜百粒重
100-grain fresh
weight(g)
D1 5.2a 18.9a 1.0c 16.9a 5.3a 18.3a 0.7f 16.7a 34.4a
D2 5.0ab 18.2a 2.0c 16.4ab 5.1b 18.3a 1.7e 16.1b 33.3a
D3 4.9bc 16.9b 3.5b 16.3ab 4.8c 17.4b 3.8d 15.9bc 32.7ab
D4 4.7cd 16.4bc 3.6b 16.1bc 4.7cd 17.2b 4.5cd 15.5c 31.6abc
D5 4.6de 16.3bc 4.7a 16.0bc 4.7de 16.3c 5.2bc 15.1d 29.5bc
D6 4.5ef 15.8cd 5.0a 15.7cd 4.6ef 15.7cd 5.6ab 15.1d 28.3cd
D7 4.4f 15.4d 5.7a 15.3d 4.5f 15.2d 6.3a 14.7d 25.3d

Table 4

The harvesting density and grain yield"

处理
Treatment		 2014年 2015年
收获密度
Harvesting density
(株/hm2)		 产量
Grain yield
(kg/hm2)		 单株产量(A)
Grain yield per plant
(g/株)		 lgA 收获密度
Harvesting density
(株/hm2)		 产量
Grain yield
(kg/hm2)		 单株产量(A)
Grain yield per plant
(g/株)		 lgA
D1 30 000 8 115.0e 270.5 2.43 30 000 8 582.5c 286.1 2.46
D2 45 000 9 804.0d 217.9 2.34 45 000 10 886.0ab 241.9 2.38
D3 60 000 11 215.5a 186.9 2.27 60 000 10 967.0ab 182.8 2.26
D4 75 000 11 125.5a 148.3 2.17 75 000 11 404.5a 152.1 2.18
D5 90 000 10 441.5b 116.0 2.06 89 100 11 378.5a 127.7 2.11
D6 102 345 10 389.0bc 101.5 2.01 104 115 10 837.0ab 104.1 2.02
D7 117 390 9 934.5cd 84.6 1.93 113 835 10 457.5b 91.9 1.96

Fig.1

Relationship between grain yield and harvesting density"

Table 5

Simulation equation of yield and planting density and characteristics parameters"

年份
Year		 方程
Equation		 单穗最高产量
Maximum yield
per ear(g)		 最高产量时的密度
Density under maximum
yield(株/hm2)		 最高理论产量
Maximum theoretical
yield(kg/hm2)		 产量无差异密度范围
Density range(株/hm2)
2014 y=0.40591xe(-0.0000135x) 405.91 74 074 11 061.2 54 185~98 290
2015 y=0.43136xe(-0.0000137x) 431.36 72 993 11 583.1 52 494~98 238
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